The aim of the paper is to evaluate the status of breeding work in the reserve stock for selective breeding in Czech Landrace pigs. Evaluation covers the reproductive and productive indicators. The sows of the base stock are split into four groups by age structure: gilts, sows with risk litters, sows with production litters and sows with litter 6 or more. Evaluation covers reproductive indicators, i.e. fertility (number of piglets born, number of live-born piglets and number of surviving piglets) and milk production. The enterprise under evaluation achieved an average of 13 live-born piglets and 11 surviving piglets per sow and litter; the farrowing interval is seven days longer compared with what is normally reported as the best time. Evaluation covers the results of individual performance in gilts and male pigs according to the methodology for field tests. For individual performance, the assessment covers the average daily gain (g), the average backfat thickness (mm) and lean meat percentage (%). The herd shows a smaller gain, while backfat thickness and lean meat percentage is comparable with the population. Key words: Number of piglets, sow, fertility, performance

The aim of this work was to compare weight gain, mortality of piglets, and sows and piglets activity using permanent or temporary crating during lactation. Recently, animal breeding places great emphasis on improving welfare, by accepting their biological and behavioral needs. It was predicted that there will be no differences in piglet mortality in both housing systems. There was predicted an increase in short-term effect of activity in sows at day 4 after opening the farrowing crate. 27 sows were included in this study. Sow activity was measured by changing her positions at Day 3, 4, 5 and day 25 and the level of cortisol at Day 5 and 25. Piglets were weighted at day3, 4, 5 and 25 and mortality was analyzed every day. The short-term (day 5th after farrowing) and long-term effect (on the 25th day after farrowing) after opening the farrowing crate was analyzed. All statistical models included the housing, parity sows and litter size. On the fifth day, the activity of sows freely in the pen was higher (p=0.002). Litter size had an effect on growth rate of piglets (p<0.001) and the frequency of "rolling" of the sows (p=0.009). Parity of sows had an influence on the activity of sows (p=0.04). Measurements on the 25th of day after farrowing showed the effect of parity of sows (p=0.013) and litter size (p<0.001) on weight gain of piglets, piglet mortality should only be affected by litter size (p=0.001). Type of crating had only a short-term effect on the activity of sows in the whole experiment. Cortisol levels between groups of sows did not differ. The type of crating had no significant effect on mortality and growth of piglets. Temporary crating does not diminish the economic indicators of litter and also more provides welfare to sows and piglets. It would therefore be appropriate if permanent crating would be replaced by a temporal crating in the future.

The work deals with the analysis of some conditions to increase the level of piglets in factory farms. In addition to the genetic material used in crossing the farm, there is really important material support: good nutrition, breeding environment and nursing care. All these requirements were fullfilled in evaulated plant. In the breeding herd, were revealed a significant effect of early estrus and early pregnancy rate in the interval weaning of piglets. The obtained data showed that the percentage is not significantly different farrowing in sows and gilts. The number of live born piglets is no significant difference in sows and gilts. That's why is advantagous to continuously include gilts in basic herd and early replacement of saws according to their health status and number of past litters. Return breeding of sows should be at the annual breeding 23 to 25 piglets per sow.

The aim of the work was determined impact of microclimatic parameters of stabling environment at percentage of pregnant sows, and at health of sucking and young growing pigs. In sucking and young growing pigs were founded weak positive correlation between stabling temperature and mortality of weaning pigs, and weak positive correlation in comparison to humidity. There were founded strong negative correlation between grow up temperature of the environment and percentage of success pregnant sows, and strong positive correlatin in relation to relative humidity. Influence of the cooling ability of the environment and air flow speed were lower than the impact of the temperature.

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the reproduction and production indicators from the data obtained and processed on the selected farm. Farm indicators were evaluated between 2013 and 2017 and 200 sows were selected from multiplier herds for which selected reproductive indicators were evaluated. The reproduction indicators were evaluate the number of all born piglets, the number of alive piglets, the number of weaned piglets and the stillborn piglets from birth to wean by parity and gestation length. The highest number of all born piglets and weaned piglets per year was reported by the farm in 2017. 15, 6 ± 3.3 pcs of all live piglets were born and 11.9 ± 1.6 pcs of piglets per litter were weaned. The average was weaned 1.8 ± 2.9 piglets. In terms of production indicators, the average daily gain and feed conversion per 1 kg increments for the pre-fattening and fattening category were evaluated by year and season. The highest average daily gain in both categories was found in 2015, in pre-fattening it was 414.7 ± 18.9 g/day and in fattening it was 813.8 ± 34.1 g/day. For the feed conversion indicator, the lowest values were found in 2015. In the pre-fattening category feed consumption per kg of gain it was 1.79 ± 0.19 kg and in fattening it was 3.01 ± 0.19 kg/kg.

The aim of the diploma thesis was to analyse the factors affecting the reproductive performance of sows in the conditions of farming. Self-monitoring of awakening in selected pig breeding, data for evaluation was published in PIGMATIC. The period from 2016 to 2018 was selected for evaluation. Sows were Topigs genotype and boars of BO x PN genotype were embedded. In terms of the reproductive indicators there were evaluated successful insemination and the frequency of piglets, the number of all piglets born, the number of alive and stillborn piglets and the number of piglets weaned. It was evaluated according to the order of the reproduction indicator. Furthermore, an assessment was conducted in accordance with the parity and the specific causes of the elimination. It can be stated from the evaluation of the achieved results that the company has average reproductive performance and the litter order has a significant influence on the litter size. The best reproductive parameters were achieved in 2018, namely 14.7 of all births, 13.3 live births and 11.5 weaned piglets per litter. The stillborn piglets averaged 8.22% in 2016, 9.78% in 2017 and 9.39% of the litter in 2018. In 2016, the number of born piglets in the 4th litter, in 2017 in the 7th litter and in 2018 in the 5th in the year of litter increased in the number of all born piglets. In the case of older sows, the number of piglets born decreased. In evaluating the success of the insemination, it can be said that the best results were achieved in 2016, when 89.5% of the total number of admitted breeders took over. The worst results were achieved in 2017, when 86.2% of the total number of admitted sows were pregnant. Despite this, it means good sowing of sows mainly due to the successful search for rut and proper insemination techniques. The sows in the observed breed were better with young from the 8th litter. Furthermore, it was found that sows and gilts were the worst in the summer months. The highest number of sows was eliminated in 2016 after the first litter, in 2017 after the tenth litter and in 2018 after the eighth litter. The main cause of the decommissioning of breeding was poor health in 2016 and 2017, in 2018 it was old age. Due to old age, sows were eliminated in 2016 from the 8th litter, in 2017 from the 10th litter and in 2018 already from the 7th litter. Other reasons for decommissioning of sows were overrunning, limb defects, low yield, difficult births and abortion. Sows in breeding reach high litters, which indicates very good individual zootechnical care for individual sow.

The aim of the final thesis was to perform analysis focused on the quality of reproduction parameters of the sows in the utility farming. The observation was focused on the influence of the sow on the reproduction yield and the losses of the piglets, it also observed the influence in the order of the litter and the losses of the piglets, following with the influence of the boar on the reproduction yield and the losses of the piglets and the influence of the boar on the birth weight of the piglets. During the analysis of the influence of the sow on reproduction parameters and the losses of the piglets, three types of sows were compared amongst which no statistically provable differences were found out. During the observation of the influence in the turning of the litter, a statistically provable difference ((P ≤ 0,05) was proved in the number of all the born piglets, that is among the sows in the first litter (14,31 pc/litter) and in the third litter (15,57 pc/litter). Also during the observation of the number of live born piglets in the litter between the sows in the first (13,39 pc/litter) and the second litter (14,47 pc/litter), as well as between the sows in the first (13,39 pc/litter) and the third litter (14,70 pc/litter). Another statistically provable difference (P ≤ 0,05) was noticed during the observation of the number of the weaned piglets between the sows in the first (12,13 pc/litter) and the fourth litter (12,69 pc/litter). During the observation of the piglets´ losses in pieces there was a statistically provable difference (P ≤ 0,05) between the sows in the first litter (1,26 pc/litter) and the third litter (1,71 pc/litter). During the observation of the influence of the boar on the reproduction yield and the losses of the piglets, three boars of various combinations were compared among which no statistically provable differences within the observed parameters were found. In the analysis focused on the influence of the boar on the birth weight of the piglets, the piglets taken after three boars, named A, B and C, were observed. During the evaluation a statistically provable difference was found out (P ≤ 0,05) among the average birth weight of the piglets by the boar A (1,33 kg) and the average birth weight of the piglets by the boar B (1,28 kg), and the average birth weight of the female piglets by the boar A (1,39 kg) and the average birth weight of the female piglets by the boar B (1,23 kg). Another statistically provable difference (P ≤ 0,05) was found out between the birth weight of the female piglets by the boar B (1,23 kg) and the birth weight of the female piglets by the boar C (1,42 kg). Between the values of the average birth weight of the piglets by the boar B (1,28 kg) and the average birth weight of the piglets by the boar C (1,45 kg) a statistically highly provable difference (P ≤ 0,01) was found out. Another statistically highly provable difference (P ≤ 0,01) was also found out between the birth weight of the female piglets by the boar B (1,23 kg) and the birth weight of the male piglets by the boar C (1,48 kg).

The aim of this study was analysis of growth parameters in piglets. 40 first litters of sows gave data for study. Number of piglets, birth weight, weight at 14 days and weight at weaning were analysed with mathematics and statistics method and evaluated dependence of growth parameters of piglets. Especially influence of birth weight and sex on weight at 14 days and weaning and on average daily gain. Dependence of productive index of piglets and reproductive index of sows was studied. Results poited to influence of birth weight to weight at 14 days, weaning weight and average daily gain. With higher birth weight was higher weight weight at 14 days and weaning and higher average daily gain. Reproductive index and productive index shows to correlation between number of piglets and litter weight.

Základním faktorem ovlivňující chov prasat je reprodukce a její intenzita. Intenzitu reprodukce lze ovlivnit vnějšími a vnitřními faktory, které zvíře obklopují. Z vnějších faktorů se jedná o roční období, výživu a způsoby ustájení z vnitřních genetické dispozice, zdravotní stav, kondice a v neposlední řadě plemeno prasete. Velká pozornost je v moderních chovech věnována hygieně chovu, chovným podmínkám a kondici zvířat. Hygiena chovu a zdravotní stav zvířat je ukazatelem kvality chovu. Velikost vrhu, četnost vrhu a životnost selat vypovídá o kvalitě výživy, stimulaci říje a inseminaci.

The objective of the thesis was to analyse the reproductive traits of sows on a particular farm with regard to the method used, as observed during the period of one year. The highest rate of live-born piglets per the first litter (12.4) was reached in nucleus breeding. Regarding the mating method, the highest number of piglets born in the first litter (12.7) was reached through natural mating, followed by intrauterine insemination (12.3) and cervical insemination (11.6). During the one-year period, the rate of successful conception at first service was 83.3 per cent of sows in case of intrauterine insemination, 80.6 per cent of sows in case of natural mating and 79.2 per cent of sows in case of cervical insemination. When calculating the number of all born piglets per 100 inseminations, it was found out that 1 028 piglets were born in case of intrauterine insemination, 1 026 piglets in case of natural mating and only 921 piglets were born in case of cervical insemination, that is 107 (or 105) less. The highest number of born piglets (11.8) was reached in sows serviced when they were 256270 days old, followed by sows serviced when 241255 days old (11.1 piglets). With the gestation length under 114 days, the sows farrowed 1.2 piglets more than when the gestation length was over 115 days. With the weaning-to-conception interval under 5 days, the sows farrowed more (12.4) piglets than with the weaning-to-conception interval lasting over 6 days, which resulted in only 11.9 piglets being born.