The subject of this diploma is the theory of pre-concepts and their diagnosis carried out on fifth grade students of elementary schools. The theoretical part of this diploma contains chapters related to the constructivist teaching methods, the role of a teacher and students in such teaching method, theory of pre-concepts and their diagnosis and primary education in relation to the subject technical education. The practical part of this diploma focuses on the diagnosis of pre-concepts carried out by questionnaire in which several diagnostical methods have been used unfinished sentences, mind maps and scaling. Afterwards its results have been processed and expressed in transparent diagrams and charts.

TITLE: Student's understanding of politic concepts on secondary school ABSTRACT: This dissertation is focused on second grade pupils of elementary school how they understand the selected terms of political science. The aim of the dissertation is to diagnose the preconcepts of the pupils from two classes of the elementary schools with different social- economic conditions. The basics and terms of my work are presented in the first part: Constructivism, Preconcept , Pupil's conception of the curriculum. There is also an analysis of the political science curriculum of educational sphere Man and society RVP ZV. In the second part, there is a presentation of personal qualitative research of pupils' preconcepts, which was realised by method of structured dialog. In the conclusion, the results of the research from two different areas of the Czech Republic are being compared. KEYWORDS: constructivism, preconcept, understanding, curriculum, qualitative research

The objective of the thesis Reflection of the Predicate Preconception in Studying Process in 6th Grade of Elementary School is to ascertain how the 6th year pupils (aged 12-13 years) think about the predicate. The thesis is grounded in constructivism which actively works with preconcepts, and is related to Czech language teaching. Predicate is described from the linguistic perspective as well as its didactical notion in the Framework Educational Program and in existing textbooks. 37 pupils from 4 schools in Prague completed a series of individual tasks specifically designed for the purpose of this study, and semi-structured interviews with these pupils were recorded, transcribed and analysed. The study shows that the pupils strongly prefer verbal predicate to its verb-noun variety, while they are still capable of suggesting a communication situation for either type of predicate. The study further investigates whether the pupils actively use nouns and adjectives as a non-verb part of a predicate. While adjectives were used frequently, using nouns proved to be challenging. The analysis proves that the pupils do not identify the predicate as a part of sentence important for the meaning of the sentence. The results of the study confirm that pupils consider the meaning of individual words rather than...

The thesis is focused on diagnosing selected pre-concepts (raw materials, plasticines, textile materials, energy, technology) within the pupils of the 4th and 5th class at a primary school and it is trying to propose a new teaching strategy of Practical skills so the teaching can get more effective. The theoretical part is focused on education, different types of learning methods, teacher{\crq}s role, pre-concept characteristics and diagnosis of those pre-concepts in the Framing educational program. In the practical part there are results of the research and its conclusions.

Analysis of selected preconceptions in the technical education of primary school class 5's. The theoretical part is focused on the pupils' conception of schooling, constructivist didactics and its significance for education, the content of technical education in primary schools and methods of collecting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative diagnoses with a focus on the issue. 0 The practical part deals with detecting the level the surveyed respondents structualised the concepts in terms of teaching, in part at the level of affective perception and also in terms of cognitive perception. A cognitive questionnaire in the form of unfinished sentences, a scale questionnaire for the affective level of perception and cognitive maps were used. The research was done with the participation of students from the 5th grade elementary school classes at Suchdol nad Lužnicí, Horní Stropnice and Chlum u Třeboně, identified using the results of the research questionnaire. Results were obtained by processing the qualitative and quantitative points with regard to my future profession.

The dissertation called the Method of Integration of Valency Syntax into the Czech Language Teaching within Lower Secondary Education deals with the issue of valency syntax in relation to syntax teaching within lower secondary education. The main goal of the dissertation is to describe, specify and define the principles, which serve as the basis for the integration of the valency theory into the Czech language teaching within lower secondary education with regard to pupils' concepts of the structure of a Czech sentence. In its three main parts, the dissertation informs the reader about the development of the perception of the valency syntax as a scientific discipline in the Czech and foreign environment, as the didactic transformation of the curriculum must be always based on scientific theories and comply with them; the second part of the thesis analyses the didactically transformed curriculum of valency syntax in teaching materials intended for lower secondary education. On the basis of a practical quality research, the third part defines pupils' preconcepts related to the formal and semantic structure of a sentence. Among other things, the submitted dissertation points out to the necessity of monitoring the pupils' preconcepts in the Czech language teaching in order to ensure that the teaching is not...

The objective of the diploma thesis Preconception of the Syntactic Relations of Coordiantion, Aposition and Dominance at Elementary School is to discover whether pupils in the 5th , 6th and 7th grade of elementary school are able to distinguish syntactic relations. At first, the issue of the preconception is defined in the context of constructivist teaching concept, which works with the preconceptions actively. After that, the concept of syntactic relations is described in linguistic literature and textbooks, Framework Educational Programme, and methodological publications. A research tool which consists of special prepared exercises for the research purpose of this thesis was used to investigate the preconception of syntactic relations. The pupils did these exercises individually. By means of semi-structured dialogues it was investigated, how were the pupils thinking during the work. The dialogues were recorded, transcribed and analysed. The research sample comprised of 35 pupils from the 5th to 7th grade of a Prague elementary school. The research shows that the pupils are able to think about syntactic relations on a pre-conceptual basis spontaneously but the interference of the school teaching shows in the way of their thinking, namely in a formal approach to categorization and primary looking...

This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of two schemes for students learning. Those are a three-phase E-R-R model, the parts of which are called Evocation, Realization of Meaning, Reflection. The second model is five-phase learning model 5Es, with the following parts: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate. Comparison of the models was done by the method of action research at the Magic Hill Elementary School in Říčany during a complex student practicum in 2017. The research lasted for two weeks and involved two fourth grade classes. In total, 31 pupils participated in the research. The research was conducted alternately in both classes. On one topic, two lessons were always prepared, each of which was based on one of the comparative pedagogical models. Each day, one subject was taught in both classes, with class 4.A being done with E-U-R and class 4.B with 5E. Lectured subjects were Czech language and mathematics. The research has shown that the compared pedagogical models are very similar, although they differ in their structure and particularly in the number of phases. The E-R-R model is better suited to shorter learning units, while model 5E requires longer units for its efficiency. Both models can be modified according to the needs of the teacher, pupil, subject, etc., whereas...

The thesis deals with the concept of fear in space. Through a/r/tographic research, the author examines the concept and changes in its perception during the process of creating an artistic and pedagogical work. In the first part, the author documents theoretical and methodological framework of the research, designs the research proposal and defines terms related to it. In the second part, the author presents her own way of grasping the concept in the space and introduces the concepts that related with this topic. She researches the concept through the reflection of her own work, both artistic and then pedagogical. As part of her artistic work, the author acquaints the reader with the origin of the artwork and follow-up reflection, from which comes the creation of visual task. In the third part, she analyses the primary documents using three-phase coding and then creates concept maps from the obtained codes, which are used to visualize the display of research results. Interprets the data obtained from the research. In the fourth part, the author summarizes the results of research, answers research questions and evaluates the achievement of the research goal. From the results of the analysis of available documents and by comparing conceptual maps, she finds out whether the understanding of the...

The thesis is focused on research for children's understanding of social stratification on secondary school. The aim is the diagnoses of children's understanding on the topic of social stratification - finding the reflection of class inequalities, interpretation of the causes of social stratification, own evaluation of the society and ideas of social mobility. In the first part was defined the theoretical base of the thesis - the concept of social stratification and basic scientific theories of social stratification, constructivism, children's understanding of the world. Also were presented foreign and home research for understanding of social stratification. In the second part were defined methodological basis of the thesis and were presented the results of a qualitative research for children's understanding using the method of the depth semi-structured interview. The research results suggested that students understand the topic of social stratification and reflect it in a different way. KEYWORDS: constructivism, preconcept, children's understanding, social stratification, qualitative research, semi-structured interview