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A known method for the preservation of green foliage was adapted in order to preserve floral tissues, retaining the colour and texture, thereby providing a method suitable for the preservation of whole flowers. Initially, the effects of the existing foliage preservation process on floral tissues were studied and the resulting problems of limp sticky petals and colour loss were identified. Subsequently, with a knowledge of basic plant anatomy and of the properties of the main floral pigments, the anthocyanins, a series of experiments on petals and whole flowers were carried out in an attempt to rectify these problems and to incorporate the remedies into a method for preserving whole flowers. The problem of improving the texture and firmness of flower heads was tackled by investigating the effects of adding bulking or setting ingredients to the process fluid and establishing their optimum concentrations. In the case of flower colour, the addition of acid was required in order to maintain the bright anthocyanin colours and a range of acids was investigated. Furthermore, since it is known that in nature the anthocyanin pigments are stabilised by metal ions and copigments, the use of these agents in the preservation process was also considered. This empirical work was then validated by confirming the identity of the main pigments involved and by studying various aspects of the new preservation process. Factors examined included acid concentration, temperature, solvent composition and the addition of metal ions and copigments to solutions of petal extracts containing anthocyanin pigments. Physical changes resulting from processing, including process fluid content and the moisture absorption properties of processed petals were also measured. Finally, the application of a selection of coating materials was assessed in an attempt to increase the life span of the processed flowers by providing extra protection against environmental stresses.

No description available.

It is 50 years since the development of the first computer game and digital games now have an unprecedented influence on our culture. An increasingly popular leisure activity, digital games are also permeating other aspects of society. They continue to influence computer technology through graphics, animation and social networking; an influence which is also being felt in other media, in particular film and television. They are a new art form and they are seen to be influential on children s learning and development. However, despite their pervasiveness and apparent importance within our society and culture, they are still largely ignored as part of our cultural heritage. Dismissed as disposable, entertainment products, they have not specifically been addressed in most of the academic literature on digital preservation which represents a serious omission in past research. This was justification for an exploratory study into the preservation of digital games and the aim of this study has been to explore the value of digital games, their significance in our culture, and the current status of their preservation. Investigating the relationship of games to culture; reviewing current preservation activities and drawing conclusions about the value of digital games and the significance of their preservation were the study s objectives. These have been achieved through interviews with key stakeholders the academic community, as potential users of collections; memory institutions, as potential keepers of collections; fan-based game preservation experts; and representatives from the games industry. In addition to this, case studies of key game preservation activities were explored. Through this research, a clearer picture of attitudes towards digital games and opinions on the need for preservation of these cultural products has been established. It has become apparent that there is a need for more coherent and collaborative efforts to ensure the longevity of these important aspects of digital heritage.

Introdução: Apesar dos importantes avanços na preservação pulmonar alcançados nas últimas décadas esta questão permanece longe do ideal e representa um dos maiores problemas enfrentados pelos grupos de transplante pulmonar. O grupo da Suécia liderado pelo Prof. Stig Steen descreveu um novo método de preservação pulmonar chamado de ECMOtópico que foi publicado nos mesmos artigos que divulgaram o sistema de perfusão ex vivo. Todavia, este novo método nunca foi avaliado de forma comparativa contra a forma atualmente mais aceita de preservação pulmonar: a isquemia fria após infusão de solução de preservação. O presente estudo compara estas duas formas de preservação utilizando um modelo de avaliação pulmonar ex vivo. Como objetivos secundários foram estudados: a capacidade de recuperação da função pulmonar pelo sistema ex vivo e a utilidade do modelo experimental bloco pulmonar dividido. Métodos: Quatorze pulmões foram captados de sete doadores em morte encefálica negados para transplante pulmonar. Após a preservação inicial com perfusão anterógrada de solução de LPD-glicose o bloco pulmonar foi dividido, sendo cada lado submetido a um médoto diferente de preservação: ECMO-tópico ou isquemia fria por oito horas. Após este período os pulmões foram re-conectados e avaliados em um sistema de reperfusão pulmonar ex vivo estudando-se parâmetros funcionais e histológicos; biópsias pulmonares foram coletadas em três tempos em cada lado. As variáveis funcionais estudadas foram: capacidade de oxigenação (CO), pressão de artéria pulmonar (PAP) e resistência vascular pulmonar (RVP). As variáveis histológicas foram: escore de lesão pulmonar (ELP), contagem de células apoptóticas (CCA) e estudo de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Resultados: Sete casos foram incluídos. A idade média foi de 53.86 anos (±16.7); sexo masculino em 4 casos (57.1%); causa da morte encefálica: acidente vascular encefálico hemorrágico em 5 doadores e trauma crânio encefálico em 2. O lado submetido ao ECMO-tópico: direito em 4 e esquerdo em 3 casos. A média da CO foi 468.00 mmHg (±81.69) no grupo ECMOtópico e 455.86 (±54.05) no grupo isquemia fria (p=0. 758); a mediana da PAP foi de 140 mmHg(120 160) para o ECMO-tópico e 140mmHg(140 150) para isquemia fria (p=0,285); a mediana da RVP 459 dina.s.cm-5 (432,43 492,30) no grupo ECMO-tópico e 474,5 dina.s.cm-5 (459,01 545,45) no grupo isquemia fria (p=0,285). As médias dos escores de lesão pulmonar encontrados foram: para o grupo ECMO-tópico em T1 6,285 (±4,029), em T2 8,714 (±7,714) e em T3 9,571 (±7,857); já no grupo isquemia fria as médias foram em T1 7,571 (±4,429), em T2 7,714 (±4,785) e em T3 7,857 (±6,121) p = 0,531. As médias das contagens de células apoptóticas foram: para o grupo ECMO-tópico em T1 16,71(±2,545), em T2 20,71 (±5,843) e em T3 25,00 (±9,34); no grupo isquemia fria em T1 18,57 (±5,118), em T2 17,57 (±3,014) e em T3 24,86 (±10,374) p=0,803. O estudo de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão não demonstrou diferenças entre os grupos. Conclusões: Neste estudo o ECMOtópico não demonstrou melhora na preservação pulmonar, comparado a isquemia fria, em nenhum dos parâmetros estudados . O modelo de reperfusão pulmonar ex vivo permitiu importante melhora na função pulmonar, e o modelo experimental com bloco pulmonar dividido demonstrou ser um método adequado para estudos experimentais comparativos com pulmões humanos / Background: Besides the important advances in lung preservation reached in last decades this subject continues far from ideal and still represent a major challenge for the lung transplant groups. The Swedish group lead by Prof. Stig Steen has described a new method of preservation so called topical- ECMO along with the ex vivo perfusion system. However this new method has never been tested against the most popular formula of preservation: cold ischemia after single flush perfusion. This study compares these two forms of lung preservation on an ex vivo evaluation model. As secondarys end-points we also study the ex vivo lung perfusion capacity for recover damaged lungs to transplant and the usefulness of the lung bloc split model for experimental study of human lungs. Methods: Fourteen lungs were retrieved from seven brain-dead organ donors refused for transplantation. After initial preservation with single flush of LPD glucose, the lung bloc was divided and each side was preserved by topical-ECMO or cold ischemia for 8 hours. After this the bloc was reconnected than assessed on ex vivo lung system for functional and histological parameters; lung biopsies were collect in three different times on each side. The functional variables assessed were: oxygenation capacity (OC), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). The histological variables were: lung injury score (LIS), apoptotic cells counting and transmission electron microscopy study. Results: Seven cases were included. Mean age 53.86 years (±16.7); male 4 (57.1%); cause of death: hemorrhagic stroke for 5 donors and head trauma for 2. Side of topical- ECMO: Right 4 e Left 3. The mean OC was 468.00 mmHg (±81.69) on topical-ECMO group and 455.86 (±54.05) on Cold Ischemia group (p=0. 758); median PAP median was 140 mmHg(120 160) for topical-ECMO and 140mmHg (140 150) for Cold Ischemia (p=0,285); median PVR 459 dina.s.cm-5 (432,43 492,30) on topical-ECMO group and 474,5 dina.s.cm-5 (459,01 545,45) on Cold Ischemia group (p=0,285). The median for LIS was: topical-ECMO group on T1 6,285 (±4,029), on T2 8,714 (±7,714) and on T3 9,571 (±7,857); Cold Ischemia group on T1 7,571 (±4,429) on T2 7,714 (±4,785) and on T3 7,857 (±6,121) p=0,531. For apoptotic cell counting: topical-ECMO group on T1 16,71(±2,545), on T2 20,71 (±5,843) and on T3 25,00 (±9,34); for Cold Ischemia group it was on T1 18,57 (±5,118), on T2 17,57 (±3,014) and on T3 24,86 (±10,374) p=0,803. The transmission electron microscopy study shows no difference between groups. Conclusions: In our study the topical-ECMO failed to show improvement of lung preservation compared with the cold ischemia in all studied parameters. However the ex vivo lung perfusion model was responsible for a important increase on lung function, and the lung bloc split model appears as a reliable method for experimental human lung studies

Estuda as ações de transformação e preservação do conjunto histórico de Paranaguá no século XX e início do XXI, partindo do primeiro ato de preservação em caráter nacional, o tombamento Colégio dos Jesuítas em 1938 pelo antigo Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, até o reconhecimento do conjunto histórico em 2009 pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional. A partir de três edifícios representativos na cidade, Colégio dos Jesuítas e igrejas de São Benedito e da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco das Chagas, analisa as atividades do Serviço do Patrimônio, como também os fatos que influenciaram na decisão sobre a delimitação e o tombamento do conjunto histórico. Analisa, ainda, a importância dessa área preservada no contexto urbano de Paranaguá com forte apoio da revisão bibliográfica a partir de autores como Márcia Chuva, Maria Cecília Londres, José Reginaldo Gonçalves, Lia Mayumi, Márcia Sant\'Ana e Cristiane Gonçalves e de fontes documentais primárias como cartas, pareceres, relatórios, peças gráficas, croquis e fotografias. Além disso, também realiza entrevistas, buscando as ações realizadas pelos órgãos oficiais neste patrimônio. Dessa forma, a pesquisa se insere no quadro de discussões relativas à preservação de conjuntos históricos no Brasil, contribuindo particularmente para avaliar o papel da população nas decisões de proteção do patrimônio cultural. / Studies the transformation and conservation of the city of Paranagua historical ensemble during the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries starting from the first national act of preservation, the listing of the Colégio dos Jesuítas (Jesuit college) in 1938 by the former National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service until the recognition of the historical ensemble in 2009 by the Institute of National Historical and Artistic Heritage. Considering three representative buildings in the city - the Jesuit College and the churches São Benedito and thesis Ordem Terceira de São Francisco das Chagas the thesis analyses the activities of the Heritage Service as well as the facts that influenced in the decision regarding the delimitation and listing of the historical ensemble. The thesis also analyses the importance of this preserved area in the urban context of Paranagua and is strongly supported by the bibliographical revision of texts by authors such as Márcia Chuva, Maria Cecília Londres, José Reginaldo Gonçalves, Lia Mayumi, Márcia Sant\'Ana and Cristiane Gonçalves as well as primary sources of documents such as letters, reviews, reports, graphic pieces, sketches and photos. It also analyses interviews that highlight activities conducted by official bodies on this heritage. This way, the research is considered part of the debate on preservation of historical areas in Brazil and provides a special contribution to the evaluation of the role played by public participation in decisions regarding the protection of cultural heritage.

Cheung Hei Wai. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2006-2007, design report." / Includes bibliographical references (p. [35]).

Kwok Wai Man. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2006-2007, design report." / Includes bibliographical references. / Text in English with some Chinese. / Background --- p.1 / The Selected Type --- p.14 / Old District's Future --- p.22 / Site of Integrity --- p.25 / Concept --- p.46 / Design --- p.54 / Appendix --- p.73

Thesis (M. L. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes special report study entitled: Victorian Garden : with case studies of roof gardens. Includes bibliographical references.