The National Mission for Manuscripts of India, in association with UNESCO, completed a research study to assist in the development of legal and policy framework and protocols for promoting equitable access to documentary heritage, relevant to India and other South Asian countries. Entitled Legal and Policy Framework for Promoting Equitable Access to Documentary Heritage, the study seeks to accurately identify and critically examine the legal and policy framework for promoting equitable access to documentary heritage. The National Mission for Manuscripts is the most important institution in India dealing with bibliographic databases and the conservation and preservation of valuable manuscripts. The study covers the legal and policy framework which envelops the lifecycle of the Mission's work: access to manuscripts, their digitisation and creation of databases. By critically examining the legal rules in the practical context of the Missionâ s work, the research team has put together the first review of an initiative aimed at the protection of Indian traditional knowledge. The study illustrates working patterns of the Mission within the legal and policy framework of the country. It is a helpful sourcebook for understanding South Asian legal and policy framework for accessing documentary heritage collections. While the study does not set out to be the final word on these policy initiatives, it definitely makes significant progress in the policy debate and legal literature in this field. The conclusions presented in the form of draft legal agreements and policy recommendations will, with no doubt, be valuable tools for South Asian countries that share similar legal and policy framework within the sub-region.

Poster paper / The advent of Information and communication technology has revolutionized the way information was accessed and disseminated; one of the most visible changes came in the arena of librarianship. Suddenly, the idea of easy, fingertip access to information became widely prevalent and phrases like "virtual library," "electronic library," "library without walls" and, most recently, "digital library," very popular. However, this produced a new and confusing bog of electronic "stuff" that is hard to find, hard to use, buried in restrictions, unreliable in content, and useless to researchers baffled by bad choices of material for expensive digitisation investments? Now, the question is sustaining digital libraries will require overcoming substantial uncertainties about long-term preservation, institutional commitments, and financing. AND here lies the challenge for the digital librarian!!!! Playing the balancing act between management, fast changing needs of the user community and ever changing information storage media and technologies.

Research has been studied to evaluate the reliability of storage media and the reliability of a computer backup system. In this paper, we use the Continuous Time Markov Chain to model and analyze the reliability of a computer backup system. We propose a modified model from that of the Constantopoulos, Doerr and Petraki [1]. We analyze the difference, show computational results, and propose new input parameters (e.g. time to repair) for the model from our experience. Further we developed a four-copy data model to test if it fulfills the sample reliability rate set by the RLG-NARA. The modeling process can be applied to construct models for computer preservation systems using different storage media. The reliability of constructed models can be calculated so that preservation institutions can have quantitative data to decide their preservation strategies.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

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One of the main causes of early graft dysfunction in kidney transplantation is ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. This unavoidable event occurs immediately when oxygenated blood is re-introduced into the transplanted kidney. Its severity is influenced by many predetermined factors. However, the condition under which an organ is preserved has a significant bearing on the outcome. Traditionally, organs are preserved using hypothermic temperatures, to reduce metabolism and the requirement for oxygen. Although practical and simple, hypothermic conditions are not entirely favourable and over time the depletion of energy substrates causes substantial cellular injury. This is thought to be a particular problem in kidneys from marginal donors, which are often exposed to a period of warm ischaemia (WI) prior to retrieval. The aim of this thesis was to determine the effects of varying degrees of the combined insults of warm and cold ischaemic injury and to develop a technique of normothermic perfusion (NP) to reduce ischaemic injury. The effects were assessed using ex-vivo and in-vivo porcine kidney models before translation of NP into clinical practice for marginal donor kidneys. This research demonstrated that prolonging the hypothermic preservation period after a minimal and a substantial degree of WI injury increased the severity of acute I/R injury and graft dysfunction. A short period of NP after hypothermic preservation was able to resuscitate the kidney, replenish ATP and reverse some of the detrimental effects of cold ischaemic injury. When translated into an autotransplant model, NP was found to be a safe and feasible method of preservation. NP was then adapted for use in clinical practice for kidneys from marginal donors. This first in man clinical series of 15 cases has demonstrated the safety and feasibility of NP for marginal kidneys. Although, the high rate of initial graft function is notable, further comparative studies are required to assess the effects on delayed graft function.

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