The main purpose of this degree thesis is to, through memories, describe and analyze the identification with Ålidhem, a ‘Million Homes Programme’ in Umeå, Sweden, by adolescents living there mainly during the 1990’s. This by asking how young Ålidhem residents managed the definition coming from the surrounding society of how and what an Ålidhem’er is. How mutual we are in our fellowship and how the identity of a Ålidhem’er is constructed are also questions asked. I based my materials upon nine interviews, all of the informants former and one still present residents of Ålidhem. I grew up in Ålidhem and my identity as an ålidhem’er is very strong. It fascinates me how one can connect ones identity so strong to a community, something I know other ålidhem’ers do as well, not only I. This is a reason why I wrote about this in my degree thesis and also a reason for you as a reader to be aware of the fact that I am not only the writer but also an informant. Both the residents themselves and the society defined the area as a ghetto/hood and hand in hand with this came also the definition of the ålidhem’er as a gangster, someone to be afraid of. A definition which some took to oneself, someone tried to take in and that some took distance from, but yet a definition of the ålidhem’er, a definition that was never questioned.      The identity is a process and not static. There are two ways to "test" an identity. The first is to play. All participants in the play know the identity is only something temporary. In the second way, through the game, the identity is tested against the community. If it is met with no questioning and being accepted, it is also an identity that can ‘become’ one's identity. To test different identities is nothing unusual but in the case of the ålidhem’er as "dangerous", the dangerousness is an ascribed feature that only works if both the society and I believe in it.      The fellowship among the ones who define themselves as a ålidhem’er is something that defines the core of the community. Ålidhem is not homogenous regarding neither class nor origin, but instead of creating a divided society it creates a fellowship, a fellowship which might be something in common with other Million Homes Programmes.

Efter andra världskriget ställdes Sverige inför en ekonomisk tillväxt och urbanisering vilket startade den tidsperiod som kallas rekordåren. En miljon bostäder byggdes på tio år och kritiserades tidigt för brister i miljön. Miljonprogrammet förde med sig en högre bostandard men kunde inte garantera en stimulerande utemiljö. Centrumanläggningen skulle istället förse invånarna med förnödenheter. Andersberg i Gävle är ett typiskt miljonprogramsområde som är under förnyelse. Syftet med studien är att undersöka om den pågående förnyelsen som bostadsbolaget Gavlegårdarna genomför är ett steg i rätt riktning mot en trivsam miljö eller om utemiljön är i behov av komplettering. Med hjälp av observationer och en inventering av miljön samt en enkätundersökning har det framkommit att grönytor, fler mötesplatser, upprustning och komfortabla detaljer som bänkar och grönska är vad som kan förbättras. Trots att miljonprogrammen förknippas med negativt rykte framkom det i studien att tryggheten är god i området samt att befolkningen generellt trivs. Studien visar även att de negativa egenskaper som miljonprogrammens miljö för med sig även är tillgångar. Det fortsatta arbetet i Andersberg bör succesivt förnyas med mindre komplement i utomhusmiljön, t.ex. med fler bänkar och en inbjudande gestaltning. Miljonprogrammen var en stor satsning, men det framtida arbetet måste ske succesivt med en involvering av invånarna. Inför framtida studier är ett arbete om hur invånare bättre kan involveras i planeringsprocessen ett viktigt komplement. / After the Second World War, Sweden was facing a strong economic growth and urbanization, which led to the time period of time called the record years. One million housing units were built in ten years. Shortcomings in the environments created were strongly criticized. The center facility was instead a facility that would provide residents with necessities. Today, central squares and common areas are in need of renovation to guarantee a stimulating environment. The Andersberg neighborhood in Sweden is typical for the so called Million homes programme and is currently undergoing renovation. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether the ongoing renewal created by the housing company Gavlegårdarna is a step in the right direction and if the outdoor environment in this community needs further development. An observation study of common space, environment, and a survey of residents was performed to investigate the area. The results revealed that common meeting places, such as green space, playground and the local square needs supervision and improved design. Although many of the Million homes programme have bad reputations, the results of this study indicated that perceived safety of residents is good, and overall satisfaction with the environment. Also the study indicates that the negative qualities of these areas can be assets. The Million programs was a big investment, however future environment improvements in Andersberg should take small steps such as adding more benches and improved site design. A study of citizen participation in the planning process in Andersberg would be an important follow-up to this study.

The overall aim of the study was to examine relapse among participants in the DWI Prevention Programme and those who get prison sentence after driving when influenced by alcohol and to examine the participants’ attitudes towards drunk – driving, risk behavior and traffic safety. A direct evaluation of the sentence and penal accomplishment is also examined. The sample of the survey study (see article 1) was 44 from the DWI – sample and 44 from the prison – sample that completed a questionnaire answering about their attitudes towards drunk – driving, risk behavior and traffic safety. The results presented in article 2 are based on transcripts of criminal convicts that participated in the DWI Prevention Programme during the period of 1998 – 2002 in the Salten District ( n = 68) and a sample of convicts to an unconditional sentence for drunk - driving in the same time periode (n = 112). The 1st analysis revealed that the DWI – sample had more ideal attitudes towards drunk – driving, risk behavior and traffic safety. There were also significant differences in how they evaluated their sentence and penal accomplishment. The DWI - sample were generally more satisfied with the penal accomplishment, the way they was treated and how the relationships around them were. They were also more satisfied with the contents of the penal accomplishment. Multivariate analysis, Kaplan – Meier and Cox regression was used in the 2nd analysis calculating if there were significant differences between the samples, survival time and to investigate effects of several variables upon the time a specified event takes to happen. In this study the relapse time was shorter for men than for women and the youngest age – groups had a shorter relapse time than the oldest age – groups. The Kaplan – Meier plot revealed that the prison – group have a shorter relapse time compared to the DWI – group. Based on the results of the two articles we can conclude that the DWI Prevention Programme had a very good effect on the participants compared to those who get traditional prison – sentence. The participants in the programme had the most ideal attitudes and the longest survival time after participating. When it comes to survival time among gender and age, women and the older age – groups had the longest survival time.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur elever klarar att lösa problem som inte kan lösas rutinmässigt och där de inte har tillgång till hjälpmedel. Dessutom vill jag undersöka hur elevens betyg och antal matematikkurser eleven har läst påverkar resultatet. För att få svar på detta lät jag eleverna i två klasser ifrån det naturvetenskapliga programmet, en ifrån årskurs ett och en ifrån årskurs tre, svara på ett frågeformulär bestående av uppgifter som inte går att lösa rutinmässigt. Resultatet visar på att eleverna i årskurs tre klarade testet poängmässigt klart bättre än vad eleverna i årskurs ett gjorde och i båda klasserna visade elever med höga betyg ett bättre resultat än elever med lägre betyg. Det mest överraskande var att båda klasserna trots höga matematikbetyg visade på vissa brister i taluppfattning. / The purpose of the paper is to examine how students are capable of solving problems that can not be solved routinely and where they do not have access to facilities. In addition, I want to examine how the student's grades and number of Mathematic courses pupils have read affect the result. In order to get the answers I let students in two classes from the natural sciences programme, one from grade one and one from grades three, respond to a questionnaire consisting of problems that can not be solved routinely. The result shows that students in grade three passed the exam clearly better than students in grade one did, and in both classes’ students with higher grades performed better than students with lower grades. The most surprising was that both classes despite high grades in Mathematic revealed some shortcomings in number sense.

The Water Doctoral Network of Engineering and Management is a bilateral German – Vietnamese academic network with the aim to provide a platform for the development of joint research activities in water sector. Within the framework of the project, the network members organised a series of workshops and seminars targeted especially at PhD students from universities conducting research programs in water-related issues from both countries. The present paper summarises the outcomes of the last PhD seminar held on March 21-22, 2013 in Dresden, Germany. The seminar was attended by participants from IEEM – Institute of Environmental Engineering and Manage-ment at the University of Witten/Herdecke gGmbH and IAA – Institute of Waste Management and Contaminated Site Treatment at the Technische Universität Dresden. / Mạng lưới nghiên cứu sinh ngành Kỹ thuật và quản lý về nước là một mạng lưới hàn lâm song phương Đức-Việt, nhằm tạo ra một diễn đàn đẩy mạnh hoạt động nghiên cứu hợp tác trong ngành nước. Trong khuôn khổ dự án này, các thành viên thuộc mạng lưới đã cùng nhau tổ chức một loạt những hội thảo và semina chủ yếu phục vụ cho các nghiên cứu sinh của các trường đại học đang tham gia cá chương trình nghiên cứu về những đề tài liên quan đến nước ở cả Việt Nam và Đức. Bài báo quý vị đang đọc đưa ra tóm tắt ngắn gọn những kết quả đạt được trong semina vừa tổ chức ngày 21.-22.03.2013 tại Dresden, Đức. Semina này hướng tới các đối tượng thuộc Viện Kỹ thuật và Quản lý môi trường (IEEM) thuộc trường Đại học Witten/Herdecke gGmbH và Viện Quản lý chất thải-Xử lý vùng ô nhiễm (IAA) thuộc Đại học Tổng hợp Kỹ thuật Dresden.

The aim of the research work is to analyse studies for social educating in Lithuanian universities. Theoretical and analytical parts of the research includes sifting through the documentation what regulate high studies in Lithuania and comparing studies of social education in different universities of Lithuania. The results of the research improve that variority of study programmes' conditions separate skills and competences of social educators.

Darbe atlikta teorinė ugdymo individualizavimo bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose sampratos analizė ir nustatyta, kad ugdymo turinio individualizavimo procesą lemia veiksnių kompleksas: parengta ir galiojanti įstatyminė norminė bazė, reglamentuojanti specialųjį ugdymą, visuomenės nuostatos bei galiojantys stereotipai, konkrečios ugdymo įstaigos kultūrinis ir socialinis kontekstas, specialiųjų ugdymo(si) poreikių įvertinimo, skyrimo ir organizavimo procese dalyvaujančių asmenų požiūris, žinios, gebėjimai ir tokios jų subjektyvios savybės kaip pareigingumas, atsakomybė ir pan. Iškeltos hipotezės: 1. Pedagogai, adaptuodami bendrojo ugdymo programas, susiduria su sunkumais įvertindami vaiko gebėjimus, formuluodami tikslus, turinį ir parinkdami tinkamus metodus. 2. Tikėtina, kad tinkamai struktūruota ir aiški ugdymo turinio adaptavimo strategija gali turėti teigiamos įtakos pedagogų kompetencijai individualizuoti ugdymo turinį specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turintiems mokiniams. Turinio (content) analizės metodu buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas – atskleidus ir įvertinus bendrųjų programų turinio adaptavimo ugdymo praktikoje teigiamus ir neigiamus aspektus, parengti programų adaptavimo strategiją bei įvertinti jos veiksmingumą individualizuojant specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių mokinių ugdymo turinį. Atlikta anksčiau ir naujai rengtų adaptuotų programų lyginamoji analizė. Anketinės apklausos metodu buvo norima nustatyti ir įvertinti naujai parengtos ugdymo adaptavimo strategijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the thesis there was done theoretical analysis of conception of educational individualization at comprehensive school and it was settled that individualization process of educational content is determined by a complex of factors: prepared valid juridical normative base, regulating special training, public provisions, and effectual stereotypes, cultural and social context of a certain educational institution, attitude, knowledge, abilities and such their subjective features as dutifulness, responsibility, etc. of people, who participate in the process of estimation, designation and organization of special training needs. Interposed hypothesis: 1.Pedagogues, adapting programmes of general education, meet difficulties in assessing a child’s abilities, formulating aims, content and choosing appropriate methods. 2. It is believed that a suitably structured and clear educational content adaptation strategy may have positive influence for pedagogues’ competence to individualize educational content for schoolchildren having special educational needs. By the method of content analysis there was done a research, the aim of which was after having opened and estimated positive and negative aspects of content adaptation of general programmes in educational practice, to prepare strategy of program adaptation and estimate its effectiveness individualizing educational content for the schoolchildren having special educational needs. There was done a comparative analysis of earlier and... [to full text]

This study is an investigation of the impact of public policy on competing interests in the case of the South African Taxi Recapitalization Programme. I explore this through a theoretical framework of implementation theory which includes the concept of broader public participation in policy formulation and implementation processes and the significance of a bottom-up approach in decision-making. I employ a qualitative methodology comprising fieldwork interviews, surveys and focus groups. The findings of this study show that for the recapitalisation programme to achieve its objectives of regulating the mini-bus taxi industry, conditions that enable interests to access, bargain and influence decision-making must be redefined. Broader representation has to be encouraged in order for diverse interests to be reflected in policy outcomes and for implementation to be effective. This includes the recognition of other taxi organisations, the integration of the taxi industry into the legal frameworks of the Department of Labour, a structural and functional transformation of the Transportation Board and the application of an innovative violence reduction framework which includes an effective route-regulation and route-based operating-license system. This also requires the introduction of a taxi industry-specific minibus fleet, a comprehensive taxi driver-training programme and, possibly, subsidising the taxi industry. If the TRP does not become the framework through which the taxi industry is comprehensively regulated, violence is curbed and road accidents that include mini-bus taxis are drastically decreased, many more lives will be lost, thus contradicting the principal objective of commuter safety. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

This study investigated a career education programme which was run with students enrolled in the Science Foundation Programme (SFP). The SFP is a one year bridging course at the University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, for black students with insufficient matric points to enter directly into the science faculty. The class comprised of 135 students who were divided into 16 groups with about eight students in each. These career groups met monthly over a three month period. The approach to career education was based on group discussion and exploration. This made it possible for the students to deal with material that was relevant to their being in a vocationally orientated programme. The career groups were aimed at assisting the students with increasing their self knowledge in relation to their career decision making, expanding their knowledge of work and careers, exploring issues of career planning, and developing social and group skills. Research on the above process was undertaken by means of questionnaires, genograms and written paragraphs completed by the students over the duration of the programme. The students' evaluation of the programme was also investigated. The nature of the data meant that there were some responses which could be coded numerically, however much of the data was of a qualitative nature . Thematic analysis was thus undertaken. The programme dealt primarily with the issue of contextualism, focussing on the students macro-and micro-contexts and the role that these play in shaping the students' careers. The developmental contextual approach of Vondracek, Lemer, and Schulenberg (1986) was used to organise and make sense of the contextual data. Findings demonstrated that career information given in isolation is not sufficient. It needs to be located in the participants' context. Participation in the career education groups seemed to diminish the chances of students foreclosing on career decisions prematurely, and increased their self awareness and knowledge about the world of work. Research findings also highlighted the value of discussion as an important adjunct to other careers education techniques. The group discussion provided opportunities for gaining information and also encouraged individuals to take a more active role in their career development and career decision making. The career education groups provided a powerful tool for a collaborative learning experience with the students. This study also highlighted the limitations of a Western, individualistic approach, particularly when one is working cross culturally. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1999.

Le but de cette étude qualitative et interprétative est d'abord de décrire l'agir compétent d'un gestionnaire de cas œuvrant au sein du réseau de la santé, ensuite d'identifier les classes de situations professionnelles que tout gestionnaire de cas doit être en mesure de traiter efficacement dans sa pratique et finalement, d'élaborer le profil de sortie d'un programme de formation interprofessionnelle et transdisciplinaire en gestion de cas selon une perspective située. La gestion de cas est un processus collaboratif qui vise l'intégration et l'harmonisation des services de santé d'une clientèle qui présente des problèmes de santé et/ou sociaux complexes. L'efficacité de la gestion de cas repose sur l'agir et les compétences du professionnel de la santé qui occupe le poste de gestionnaire de cas. Les gestionnaires de cas sont des professionnels de la santé de diverses disciplines qui assurent à cette clientèle une continuité de soins et services pour qu'ils retrouvent ou maintiennent un niveau optimal de santé. Or, la formation initiale de ces professionnels de la santé ne les prépare pas adéquatement à traiter les situations qu'ils rencontrent dans leur pratique. Un grand nombre d'entre eux ne reçoivent aucune formation pour les préparer à ce rôle. Lorsque la formation est offerte, elle porte sur l'acquisition de connaissances et d'habiletés nécessaires pour accomplir des tâches spécifiques et non sur le développement des compétences requises. La perspective située en éducation a servi de cadre théorique pour la recherche. La collecte des données a été réalisée par des rencontres individuelles et de groupes. L'analyse de contenu a été effectuée par catégorisation mixte. Des résultats émerge une définition commune de l'agir compétent et des ressources personnelles requises du gestionnaire de cas dans sa pratique. Ils ont permis également de discerner douze classes de situations professionnelles qui sont au cœur de la gestion de cas. Le profil de sortie d'un programme de formation interprofessionnelle et transdisciplinaire en gestion de cas élaboré à partir de ces douze classes de situations professionnelles devrait permettre aux gestionnaires de cas de construire les connaissances et développer les compétences nécessaires pour remplir leur rôle avec efficacité puisque les classes de situations identifiées sont directement liées à leur pratique quotidienne. Enfin, cette recherche a permis de développer un profil de sortie selon une approche située dans un domaine autre que celui de la formation de base des adultes. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : agir compétent, constructivisme, gestion de cas, perspective située, profil de sortie.