Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references.

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This thesis describes the procedure employed in writing and testing programed instruction on the subject of biosystematics. It briefly discusses similar studies that have been done with programed and other self-instructional materials. A review of the literature provides evidence that there is a need for such instructional materials in our modern schools.The thesis then describes the procedure that the writers followed in the writing, testing, and revising of the programed text, Principles of Biosystematics. Recorded in the appendices are the testing data which include the students# pre- and posttest scores and the item-analysis of the examinations used to test the first and second drafts of the program. These data were used to determine what parts of the program seemed weak or poorly developed, Such segments of the program were modified before being incorporated in the final draft of the programed textbook which, along with the accompanying teacher's manual, is also located in the appendices.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01

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Cotton fiber has been postulated to undergo a process of programmed cell death (PCD) during the maturation phase of development. A parallel may exist between cotton fibers and xylem tracheary elements, which have periods of elongation, secondary cell wall deposition and death. Secondary wall formation and PCD are purported to be coupled events in tracheary elements. In this study, an attempt was made to observe the occurrence and timing of PCD in cotton fibers by TUNEL staining to detect DNA strand breaks, and also to monitor DNA content by PI staining. The staining patterns produced by PI and TUNEL left room for interpretation. TUNEL-positive and PI-stained areas were observed, but failure to observe nuclei of conventional appearance in my cytological preparations at any time-point, along with possible nonspecific staining or autofluorescence of cell wall and intracellular components, made it difficult to draw firm conclusions of significance. Thus, additional analyses will be needed to prove or disprove current PCD theories. Nevertheless, the differences in TUNEL and PI signals across fiber development stages indicate that the observed fluorescence patterns are marking discrete developmental phases. The PI signal is dispersed throughout the cell during the elongation phase (5-15 DPA) and appears to condense during secondary cell wall synthesis (25- 40 DPA). TUNEL-positive signal may be observed as early as 25 DPA, but the signal is not widespread until 45 DPA. At 50 DPA and beyond, PI staining is reduced. Visually detectable DNA can be extracted from cotton fiber nuclei between 5 and 40 DPA, although a laddering pattern was not visible at any time-point. The results, although inconclusive, point to the possibility that PCD may be a process leading to maturation in the cotton fiber, succeeding completion of secondary cell wall synthesis.

This project has developed programmed instruction material to teach seventh grade students in a preparation for cooking class. The four parts of the programmed material are measuring, cooking terms, identification of equipment, and safety precautions.In addition, the creative project has compared the teaching of the four designated areas of preparation for cooking by programmed methods and by traditional teaching methods.