This thesis is devoted to the analysis of relations between two major conjectures in the theory of groups of finite Morley rank. One of them is the Cherlin-Zil&#039 / ber Algebraicity Conjecture which states that infinite simple groups of finite Morley rank are isomorphic to simple algebraic groups over algebraically closed fields. The other conjecture is due to Hrushovski and it states that a generic automorphism of a simple group of finite Morley rank has pseudofinite group of fixed points. Hrushovski showed that the Cherlin-Zil&#039 / ber Conjecture implies his conjecture. Proving his Conjecture and reversing the implication would provide a new efficient approach to prove the Cherlin-Zil&#039 / ber Conjecture. This thesis proposes an approach to derive a proof of the Cherlin-Zil&#039 / ber Conjecture from Hrushovski&#039 / s Conjecture and contains a proof of a step in that direction. Firstly, we show that John S. Wilson&#039 / s classification theorem for simple pseudofinite groups can be adapted for definably simple non-abelian pseudofinite groups of finite centralizer dimension. Combining this result with recent related developments, we identify definably simple non-abelian pseudofinite groups with Chevalley or twisted Chevalley groups over pseudofinite fields. After that in the context of Hrushovski&#039 / s Conjecture, in a purely algebraic set-up, we show that the pseudofinite group of fixed points of a generic automorphism is actually an extension of a Chevalley group or a twisted Chevalley group over a pseudofinite field.

Cette thèse porte sur la théorie des modèles des structures pseudo-finies en mettant l’accent sur les groupes et les corps. Le but est d'approfondir notre compréhension des interactions entre les dimensions de comptage pseudo-finies et les propriétés algébriques de leurs structures sous-jacentes, ainsi que de la classification de certaines classes de structures en fonction de leurs dimensions. Notre approche se fait par l'étude d'exemples. Nous avons examiné trois classes de structures. La première est la classe des H-structures, qui sont des expansions génériques. Nous avons donné une construction explicite de H-structures pseudo-finies comme ultraproduits de structures finies. Le deuxième exemple est la classe des corps aux différences finis. Nous avons étudié les propriétés de la dimension pseudo-finie grossière de cette classe. Nous avons montré qu'elle est définissable et prend des valeurs entières, et nous avons trouvé un lien partiel entre cette dimension et le degré de transcendance transformelle. Le troisième exemple est la classe des groupes de permutations primitifs pseudo-finis. Nous avons généralisé le théorème classique de classification de Hrushovski pour les groupes stables de permutations d'un ensemble fortement minimal au cas où une dimension abstraite existe, cas qui inclut à la fois les rangs classiques de la théorie des modèles et les dimensions de comptage pseudo-finies. Dans cette thèse, nous avons aussi généralisé le théorème de Schlichting aux sous-groupes approximatifs, en utilisant une notion de commensurabilité / This thesis is about the model theory of pseudofinite structures with the focus on groups and fields. The aim is to deepen our understanding of how pseudofinite counting dimensions can interact with the algebraic properties of underlying structures and how we could classify certain classes of structures according to their counting dimensions. Our approach is by studying examples. We treat three classes of structures: The first one is the class of H-structures, which are generic expansions of existing structures. We give an explicit construction of pseudofinite H-structures as ultraproducts of finite structures. The second one is the class of finite difference fields. We study properties of coarse pseudofinite dimension in this class, show that it is definable and integer-valued and build a partial connection between this dimension and transformal transcendence degree. The third example is the class of pseudofinite primitive permutation groups. We generalise Hrushovski's classical classification theorem for stable permutation groups acting on a strongly minimal set to the case where there exists an abstract notion of dimension, which includes both the classical model theoretic ranks and pseudofinite counting dimensions. In this thesis, we also generalise Schlichting's theorem for groups to the case of approximate subgroups with a notion of commensurability