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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
851

The availability of identifying data and background information on offender-patients at the Florida State Hospital at Chattahoochee

Unknown Date (has links)
"It was the purpose of this study to determine if the background information contained in the medical records of patients committed from the criminal courts was sufficient for the needs of the state hospital staff for purposes of efficient examination, treatment planning, and disposition of such patients; if the state hospitals outside of Florida encounter problems of gathering background information of patients admitted under criminal commitments: and if the criminal courts of Florida have facilities and resources for assisting the state hospitals in gathering identifying data and background information on offenders committed from their courts"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "June, 1959." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work." / Advisor: Vernon Fox, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references.
852

Patient admissions to the South Florida State Hospital, Hollywood, Florida, compared with the population of the hospital district in respect to age, race and residence, 1957-1958

Unknown Date (has links)
"This study deals with patient admissions to the South Florida State Hospital, Hollywood, Florida. The purpose of the study was to determine how the racial groups, age groups, and the eight counties in the hospital district were being served by the hospital. To do this, population figures for the district were distributed by age, race, and county. A sample of hospital admissions was then drawn, and distributed by age, race, and county of admission. The findings of the study are based upon comparisons between the population and the hospital sample, in this manner. It was thought that such findings would be of interest to the hospital, as a public facility, in evaluating the service to its constituents"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1959." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work." / Advisor: Robert T. Lansdale, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references.
853

Social service activity in the trial visit movement of 44 neuro-psychiatric patients at the V.A. Hospital, Augusta, Georgia from Jan. 1, 1954 through July 1, 1957

Unknown Date (has links)
"The purpose of this study was to attempt an appraisal of the contribution of Social Service activity toward trial visit movement over a three year period at the V.A. Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Augusta, Georgia. Preliminary exploration of such movement during the selected period had revealed an increase in the number of trial visits during the first six months of each year from 91 in 1954 to 202 in 1957. A corresponding increase was noted in the ratio of successful discharges from trial visit to rehospitalizations for the same period: from 37 discharged to 50 returned in 1954 to 142 discharged and 109 returned in 1957. The average daily number of patients on trial visit also increased from 80 to 225"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "June, 1959." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work." / Advisor: Howard W. Borsuk, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references.
854

Patienters upplevelser kring tvångsåtgärden fastspänning i den psykiatriska slutenvården : En systematisk litteraturöversikt / Patient´s experiences of the coercive measure restraint in psychiatric inpatient care : A literature review

Bonander, Maya, Liberg Bruhner, Nadia January 2019 (has links)
Bakgrund: Fastspänning i en bältessäng är relativt vanligt förekommande i Sverige och flera andra länder inom den slutna psykiatriska vården. Forskning kring sjuksköterskors upplevelse om fastspänning visar på att det dels uppfattas som någonting etiskt svårt, samtidigt anses fastspänning vara någonting nödvändigt ur en säkerhetsaspekt.  Lite är känt forskningsmässigt kring vad som är patienters upplevelser av fastspänning, och kring det som är känt saknas det aktuell litteraturöversikt. Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande uppsats var att beskriva patienters upplevelser kring tvångsåtgärden fastspänning inom den slutna psykiatriska vården. Metod: Denna uppsats är en systematisk litteraturöversikt som bygger på en sammanställning av nio kvalitativa artiklar. Dataanalysen genomfördes enligt Evans tolkande dataanalysmetod. Resultat: Tre teman framkom kring upplevelsen av fastspänning, dessa var: innan fastspänning, under fastspänning och efter fastspänning. Tio subteman framkom: Patienters upplevelse av en bristande och provokativ vård, patienters önskan av vård när den upplevs bristande och provokativ, maktlöshet och rädsla, känslan av att vara totalt utlämnad och försvarslös, en förlorad verklighetsuppfattning, fastspänning som någonting säkert och tryggt, patienters upplevelse av personalens bemötande, patienters synpunkter på personalens bemötande, patienters behov av att få delge sin uppfattning samt skapa möjlighet till förståelse och negativa konsekvenser av fastspänning. Resultatets teman och subteman ledde fram till en sammantagen syntetisering i form av: Patienters utsatthet skapar längtan efter en vårdande kommunikation. Slutsats: Fastspänning är i de flesta fall en mycket negativ upplevelse för patienter. Patienters upplevelser av fastspänning kan dock förbättras om sjuksköterskan innan, under och efter fastspänning har en vårdande kommunikation gentemot patienter. / Background: Mechanical restraint is relatively common in Sweden and several other countries within the psychiatric inpatient care. Research on nurses' experience of restraining shows that it’s perceived as something ethically difficult. Mechanical restraints is also considered to be something necessary in terms of safety. Little is known scientifically about what the patient’s experiences of mechanical restraints are, and there’s no current literature review. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to describe patients’ experiences of the coercive measure mechanical restraint in psychiatric inpatient care. Method: A systematic review of literature based on a compilation of nine qualitative articles. The data analysis was carried out according to Evans interpretive data analysis method. Results: Three main themes emerged in the experience of restraints, which were: before restraint, during restraint and after restraint. Ten subthemes emerged: Patients' experience of a lacking and provocative care, patients' needs in the experience of a lacking and provocative care, powerlessness and fear, the feeling of being totally extradited and defenseless, a lost sense of reality, restraint as something safe and secure, patients' perception of the staff's treatment, patients' thoughts on the staff's treatment, patients' need to share their thoughts and create opportunities for being understood and negative consequences of restraint. The themes and sub-themes led to a total synthesis in the form of: The exposed patients' longing for a caring communication. Conclusion: Restraint is in most cases a very negative experience for patients. Patients' experience of restraint can, however, be improved if the nurse before, during and after restraint provides a caring communication with patients.
855

Transtornos de aprendizagem: quando \"ir mal na escola\" torna-se um problema médico e/ou psicológico / Learning disorders: when doing poorly at school becomes a medical and/or psychological problem.

Bautheney, Katia Cristina Silva Forli 28 September 2011 (has links)
A expressão transtornos de aprendizagem pode ser encontrada tanto no Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-IV, 2000) quanto na Classificação Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (CID-10, 1993) obras de referência, no Brasil, na taxonomia dos ditos transtornos ou distúrbios psicológicos. Esses textos apresentam em seu conteúdo a descrição de uma sintomatologia e diagnóstico diferencial de perturbações que se manifestariam pela primeira vez na infância ou adolescência. Dentre esses problemas estão os que envolvem os processos de aprendizagem e/ou escolarização. Parte da nomenclatura nosográfica utilizada nessas obras aparece incorporada ao discurso de alguns educadores para designar entraves vivenciados pelos alunos na escola, silenciando em categorias o que é considerado inadequado no comportamento desses sujeitos. Neste trabalho de doutorado, procuramos analisar, sob uma ótica foucaultiana, diferentes formas de articulação entre saber e poder como fundamentação para o surgimento de conceitos e orientação de uma práxis. Buscaremos traçar, especialmente, uma genealogia do emprego do discurso psiquiátrico no campo da educação, partindo do pressuposto de que existe uma correspondência imaginária entre loucura e fracasso escolar, o que será demonstrado por meio do estudo dos desdobramentos desta relação em algumas práticas pedagógicas, sobretudo a escrita de relatórios sobre alunos que vão mal na escola. Na primeira parte da tese, estudaremos como as afecções hoje entendidas como transtornos de aprendizagem descendem de categorias que ao longo do século XIX (o qual assistiu o surgimento da psiquiatria moderna e da psicologia experimental) eram consideradas um tipo de loucura na forma de idiotia e imbecilidade. Visamos destacar como o uso de procedimentos pedagógicos tomados como terapia ou profilaxia dos transtornos mentais permitiu a importação do discurso psiquiátrico para as instituições escolares. Na segunda parte, à luz do conceito de poder psiquiátrico formulado por Foucault, analisaremos o solo epistemológico e as forças que permitem a circulação de um discurso médico e psicológico acerca dos fenômenos escolares. A última parte da tese versará sobre formas como se tecem as tramas entre loucura, doença mental, transtorno psicológico, inadequação de comportamento, discurso psiquiátrico e insucesso escolar. Para exemplificar esse movimento partiremos da análise documental e de relatórios de educadores e profissionais de saúde sobre alunos com supostos problemas de aprendizagem produzidos estes no âmbito de um serviço de Saúde Escolar, localizado num município da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo e coletados em Pesquisa de Campo realizada entre 2007 e 2010. Esse material será analisado dentro de uma abordagem qualitativa, na perspectiva de Albuquerque (1986) e Maingueneau (1997, 2008a, 2008b) de análise do discurso institucional. Ao término deste trabalho demonstraremos como a circulação do discurso psiquiátrico no campo da educação gera o esvaziamento do ato educativo, e é por ele alimentado. / The expression learning disorders may be found both in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV, 2000) and in the International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems (DSM-IV, 2000) reference works, in Brazil, in the taxonomy of then so-called psychological disorders or disabilities. In their content, these texts present the description of symptoms and differential diagnosis of \"disorder\" that would appear for the first time in childhood or adolescence. Among these \"problems\" are those that involve the processes of learning and / or schooling. Part of the nosographic nomenclature used in these works are incorporated in the discourse of some educators to refer to barriers experienced by students in school, hiding in categories what is considered \"inappropriate\" behavior in these subjects. In this doctoral work, we analyze, from a Foucauldian perspective, different forms of articulation between knowledge and power as the basis for the emergence of concepts and guidance of praxis. We will try to draw, especially, one genealogy of the use of psychiatric discourse in education, on the assumption that there is an imaginary correspondence between madness and school failure, which will be demonstrated through the study of the consequences of this relationship in some teaching practices, especially writing reports on students who \"do poorly in school.\" In the first part of the thesis we will study how the diseases - nowadays understood as \"learning disorders\" come from categories that throughout the nineteenth century (which saw the emergence of modern psychiatry and experimental psychology) were considered a kind of madness in the form of idiocy and imbecility. We aim to highlight how the use of pedagogical practices taken as therapy or prophylaxis of mental disorders has allowed the introduction of psychiatric discourse to the schools. In the second part, in the light of the concept of psychiatric power formulated by Foucault, we will analyze the epistemological ground and the forces that allow the circulation of a medical and psychological discourse about school phenomena. The last part of the thesis will focus on the ways madness, mental illness, psychological disorder, \"inappropriate\" behavior, school failure and psychiatric discourse are produced. To exemplify this movement, we will use the analysis of documents and the reports about students with alleged learning problems that were produced as part of a school health service, located in a town of the metropolitan region of São Paulo, and collected from field research conducted between 2007 and 2010. This material will be analyzed in a qualitative approach, under the perspective of Albuquerque (1986) and Maingueneau (1997, 2008a, 2008b) of institutional analysis of discourse.At the end of this work, we will demonstrate how the circulation of the psychiatric speech in the field of education produces the emptying of the educative act and nurtures itself.
856

Políticas públicas de saúde mental : desafios para uma política humanizadora /

Chaves, Maria Aparecida Gomes January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Genaro Alvarenga Fonseca / Resumo: A reforma psiquiátrica é assunto muito discutido ao longo das últimas décadas com grande foco na preservação dos direitos humanos. O tema tem sido retomado com força na mudança do novo governo do Brasil tornando-se um assunto polêmico e inesgotável. A Lei 10.216/01, nomeada de Lei Paulo Delgado, decreta oficialmente a reforma psiquiátrica, cujas primeiras discussões tiveram início nos anos 1970. Com tantos debates e discussões a respeito e após o Manifesto de Bauru, sobre a Luta Antimanicomial no ano de 1987 com o tema "Por uma Sociedade Sem Manicômios” e a I Conferência Nacional de Saúde Mental realizada em Brasília no mesmo ano, estes movimentos se tornaram um marco para o início da reforma psiquiátrica, que busca a humanização nos tratamentos de saúde mental. Do ano desta lei até a atualidade, várias mudanças foram adotadas nas prestações de serviços da saúde mental e muitos municípios brasileiros buscam se adequar à lei e às portarias referentes a este tipo de serviço. Esta investigação partiu de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que teve como objetivo analisar se esta lei é de fato aplicada no Hospital Psiquiátrico Allan Kardec, no município de Franca, Estado de São Paulo, e se este serviço oferece um tratamento humanizado das pessoas com transtorno psíquico, tendo em vista que no passado, desde as primeiras instituições psiquiátricas até esta reforma, os chamados “alienados”, eram segregados e totalmente excluídos da sociedade. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram uma... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Psychiatric reform has been a subject much discussed over the last decades with a great focus on the preservation of human rights. The theme has been taken up with force in the change of the new government of Brazil becoming a controversial and inexhaustible subject. Law 10.216 / 01, named Paulo Delgado Law, officially decrees psychiatric reform, whose first discussions began in the 1970s. With so many debates and discussions about and after the Manifesto of Bauru, on the Antimanicomial Struggle in 1987 with the theme "For a Society Without Asylums" and the First National Conference on Mental Health held in Brasília in the same year, these movements became a milestone for the beginning of the psychiatric reform, which seeks to humanize the mental health treatments. Law to date, several changes have been adopted in the provision of mental health services and many Brazilian municipalities seek to comply with the Law and the ordinances referring to this type of service. Law is actually applied at the Allan Kardec Psychiatric Hospital, in the municipality of Franca, State of São Paulo, and if this service it offers the humanized service of people with psychic disorder, since in the past, from the earliest psychiatric institutions up to this reform, theso-called "alienated" were segregated and totally excluded from society. The research results demonstrate na institution concerned with meeting there quirement sof the Law regarding the deinstitutionalization and humanization of car... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
857

Caracterização clínica-demográfica das internações psiquiátricas na região de Ribeirão Preto - SP entre 1998 e 2004 / Characterization of Psychiatric Hospitalizations in a Ribeirão Preto Region of the State of São Paulo between 1998 and 2004

Barros, Regis Eric Maia 01 August 2008 (has links)
No início de 1990, as internações psiquiátricas no Brasil constituíam-se a segunda fonte de despesas com internações hospitalares. A partir de 1992, com as diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde, houve mudanças na caracterização das internações. Os hospitais psiquiátricos, progressivamente, deixaram de constituir a base do sistema assistencial, com o aumento da rede de serviços extra-hospitalares. A XIII Diretoria Regional de Saúde (DRS XIII), com sede em Ribeirão Preto, foi submetida a estas diretrizes, levando à reorganização do atendimento de saúde mental. De modo que, no início da década de 1990, a DRS XIII dispunha de 685 leitos psiquiátricos para internações agudas. As taxas de ocupação chegavam a 96% e o tempo de permanência era elevado com grande número de re-internações. Com as diretrizes, houve redução para 114 leitos para internações agudas e, concomitantemente, houve uma ampliação dos serviços extra-hospitalares de saúde mental. Essas medidas levaram a uma diminuição do número de internações e na taxa de ocupação para 60 a 70%. No entanto, a partir de 2003, passaram a ocorrer dificuldades para internação integral devido à falta de vagas. Esta pesquisa objetiva avaliar essas mudanças caracterizando as internações. Foi criado um banco de dados único utilizando dados armazenados nos banco de dados de cada hospital envolvido no estudo. Todas as internações entre os anos de 1998 a 2004 foram contabilizadas. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: faixa etária, sexo, estado civil, ocupação, diagnósticos, procedência, distrito sanitário para pacientes que residiam em Ribeirão Preto, tempo de permanência, re-internações, giro leito e taxa de ocupação. Foram internados 5362 pacientes correspondendo a 11.208 internações com as seguintes proporções de distribuição: Hospital Psiquiátrico (47,8%), Hospital Geral (14,1%) e Emergência Psiquiátrica (38,1%). As taxas de ocupação nos serviços de internação integral tiveram aumento nos últimos anos da pesquisa apesar do giro leito permanecer relativamente elevado. Não existiram marcantes diferenças entre os serviços em relação às características demográficas das internações, mantendo-se um padrão de predominância de pacientes do sexo masculino, adultos jovens, sem vínculos conjugais estáveis, inativos profissionalmente e provenientes da própria região de Ribeirão Preto. As internações mais curtas predominaram nos serviços, havendo maior proporção de internações prolongadas no Hospital Geral, provavelmente pela gravidade dos casos. A maior proporção das internações é proveniente de Ribeirão Preto, com predomínio daquelas oriundas do distrito atendido pelo Núcleo de Saúde Mental do Centro de Saúde Escola. Os diagnósticos mais encontrados em todos os serviços foram os transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas, transtornos do humor, transtornos psicóticos e transtornos de personalidades, havendo algumas diferenças nas proporções entre os serviços. O número de re-internações aproxima-se de um quarto (1/4) das internações em cada ano. O aumento das internações pode está relacionado as limitações da rede de serviços extra-hospitalares. A emergência psiquiátrica foi responsável por cerca de 40% das internações no período do trabalho. Novos serviços extra-hospitalares podem determinar melhorias na rede de atendimento. / At the beginning of the 1990s, psychiatric hospitalization costs were the second-largest source of all hospitalization costs in Brazil. Since 1992, as a result of the Ministry of Heath guidelines, there have been changes in the characteristics of these hospitalizations. Psychiatric hospitals have progressively ceased to be a part of the core health care system, and there has been an increase in the outpatient service network. The 13th Regional Health Authority (DRS XIII), headquartered in Ribeirão Preto, followed these guidelines, which led it to reorganize its mental health care. At the beginning of the 1990s, DRS XIII had 685 beds for the treatment of acute psychiatric patients: their occupancy rate was as high as 96%, the length of stay was high and there was a high number of readmissions. The guidelines, however, resulted in a reduction in the number of beds for acute patients to 114, whilst there was a simultaneous expansion in the mental health care outpatient services. These measures led to a drop in the number of hospital admissions, and the occupancy rate fell to 60 - 70%. Nevertheless, since 2003, it has been more difficult to provide full-time hospitalization due to lack of beds. The aim of this project is to evaluate these changes in the hospitalization policy. A central database was created using the data stored in the databases of each of the hospitals involved in the study. All hospitalizations between 1998 and 2004 were taken into account. The following variables were analyzed: age, gender, marital status, occupation, diagnosis, origin, health district (for patients that live in Ribeirão Preto), length of stay, readmissions, bed turnover rate and occupancy rate. 5,362 patients were hospitalized a total of 11,208 times according to the following breakdown: Psychiatric Hospital (47.8%), General Hospital (14.1%) and Emergency Psychiatric Unit (38.1%). The occupancy rate for full-time hospitalization services has increased over the last few years in spite of the bed turnover rate remaining relatively high. There are no significant differences between services as far as the demographic characteristics of the hospitalized patients are concerned: patients are still predominantly young unemployed males, who are not in stable partnerships, and come from the Ribeirão Preto region. Short-stay hospitalizations are predominant, with a higher proportion of longer hospitalizations in the General Hospital, which was probably due to the serious nature of these cases. The largest proportion of hospitalizations comes from Ribeirão Preto, especially from the district served by the Núcleo de Saúde Mental do Centro de Saúde Escola (Mental Health Unit of the Learning Health Center). The most common diagnoses were disorders brought on by psychoactive substance abuse, mood disorders, psychotic disorders and personality disorders, with there being some differences in the proportions from one service to another. Around 1/4 of the hospitalizations each year are readmissions. The psychiatric hospitalization increasing may be dual to the outpatient service network deficient. The emergency psychiatry unit was answerable for 40% of psychiatric hospitalization reported in this study. The outpatient service development may be improve the health care system.
858

O Servi?o Ambulatorial M?vel de Urg?ncia (SAMU) no contexto da reforma psiqui?trica: em an?lise a experi?ncia de Aracaju/SE

Jardim, Katita Figueiredo de Souza Barreto 04 March 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KatitaFSBJ.pdf: 626557 bytes, checksum: 5a29700b677ad1c89e9178cb9f01506d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-04 / This research investigated professional practices from Mobile Urgency Care Service (Servi?o Ambulatorial M?vel de Urg?ncia - SAMU) at psychiatric cases of the city of Aracaju/SE, Brazil and its possible articulations to psychosocial services network. The regulation no. 2048 of 11/05/2002 from Ministry Health establishes National Urgency Policy and designates that psychiatric cases are SAMU's responsibility. Then, it is necessary to propose an analyze of psychiatric urgency service under anti-asylums social movements standpoint, mainly because this service is responsive in assisting a person in crises. Fieldwork was developed in two phases. First one was made with SAMU workers and the information were produced by recorded semi-structured interviews. Results of this first phase indicate that urgency psychiatric conception from SAMU workers is based on aggressiveness concept; delays at psychiatric cases support and low training in mental health care which means several difficulties to emergency service. Although, we noticed that SAMU use asylum procedures at psychiatric cases like ropes and odder instruments to contain people. The second step of our research was to attend meetings to build a new psychiatric urgencies protocol for SAMU to define practices to auxiliaries, vehicular conductors and medical support regulation. Therefore, open interviews were accomplished with some participators and follows-up to psychiatric case on board of SAMU's cars. Afterwards we discussed how the urgency paradigm, that influence the protocol draw and as consequence distort what we believe is the essentially function of this device, that is to give care support to persons in crises and produce articulation to psychosocial services network / Esta pesquisa investigou as pr?ticas dos profissionais do Servi?o Ambulatorial M?vel de Urg?ncia (SAMU) ligadas aos atendimentos psiqui?tricos na cidade de Aracaju/SE e suas poss?veis articula??es com a Rede de Aten??o Psicossocial. A Portaria 2048/GM de 05/11/2002 estabelece a Pol?tica Nacional de Urg?ncia atestando que os atendimentos psiqui?tricos s?o de compet?ncia do SAMU. Assim, faz-se imprescind?vel a an?lise do servi?o de urg?ncia psiqui?trica sob a ?tica dos movimentos antimanicomiais, principalmente por ser, em muitos lugares, o respons?vel pela aten??o ? crise. A pesquisa de campo constou de duas etapas. A primeira foi realizada com trabalhadores do SAMU e os dados foram produzidos atrav?s de entrevistas semi-estruturadas gravadas. Os resultados dessa fase indicaram que a concep??o de urg?ncia psiqui?trica presente entre os trabalhadores do SAMU se baseia no conceito de agressividade; que a demora dos atendimentos psiqui?tricos e a falta de capacita??es em sa?de mental dificulta o transcorrer desses atendimentos. Al?m disso, percebemos que nas ocorr?ncias psiqui?tricas o SAMU utiliza m?todos manicomiais como a imobiliza??o por cordas e ataduras. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa participamos das reuni?es de constru??o do protocolo das urg?ncias psiqui?tricas do SAMU, que visa estabelecer as pr?ticas tanto dos auxiliares e condutores, quanto da regula??o m?dica. Na ocasi?o, realizamos entrevistas abertas com alguns participantes e acompanhamos os atendimentos psiqui?tricos a bordo das viaturas. Com base nisso, discutimos como o paradigma da urg?ncia, que influencia o desenho do protocolo, acaba por destoar do que acreditamos ser a fun??o prec?pua deste dispositivo, a saber: a aten??o ? crise em articula??o com a Rede de Aten??o Psicossocial
859

Caracterização clínica-demográfica das internações psiquiátricas na região de Ribeirão Preto - SP entre 1998 e 2004 / Characterization of Psychiatric Hospitalizations in a Ribeirão Preto Region of the State of São Paulo between 1998 and 2004

Regis Eric Maia Barros 01 August 2008 (has links)
No início de 1990, as internações psiquiátricas no Brasil constituíam-se a segunda fonte de despesas com internações hospitalares. A partir de 1992, com as diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde, houve mudanças na caracterização das internações. Os hospitais psiquiátricos, progressivamente, deixaram de constituir a base do sistema assistencial, com o aumento da rede de serviços extra-hospitalares. A XIII Diretoria Regional de Saúde (DRS XIII), com sede em Ribeirão Preto, foi submetida a estas diretrizes, levando à reorganização do atendimento de saúde mental. De modo que, no início da década de 1990, a DRS XIII dispunha de 685 leitos psiquiátricos para internações agudas. As taxas de ocupação chegavam a 96% e o tempo de permanência era elevado com grande número de re-internações. Com as diretrizes, houve redução para 114 leitos para internações agudas e, concomitantemente, houve uma ampliação dos serviços extra-hospitalares de saúde mental. Essas medidas levaram a uma diminuição do número de internações e na taxa de ocupação para 60 a 70%. No entanto, a partir de 2003, passaram a ocorrer dificuldades para internação integral devido à falta de vagas. Esta pesquisa objetiva avaliar essas mudanças caracterizando as internações. Foi criado um banco de dados único utilizando dados armazenados nos banco de dados de cada hospital envolvido no estudo. Todas as internações entre os anos de 1998 a 2004 foram contabilizadas. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: faixa etária, sexo, estado civil, ocupação, diagnósticos, procedência, distrito sanitário para pacientes que residiam em Ribeirão Preto, tempo de permanência, re-internações, giro leito e taxa de ocupação. Foram internados 5362 pacientes correspondendo a 11.208 internações com as seguintes proporções de distribuição: Hospital Psiquiátrico (47,8%), Hospital Geral (14,1%) e Emergência Psiquiátrica (38,1%). As taxas de ocupação nos serviços de internação integral tiveram aumento nos últimos anos da pesquisa apesar do giro leito permanecer relativamente elevado. Não existiram marcantes diferenças entre os serviços em relação às características demográficas das internações, mantendo-se um padrão de predominância de pacientes do sexo masculino, adultos jovens, sem vínculos conjugais estáveis, inativos profissionalmente e provenientes da própria região de Ribeirão Preto. As internações mais curtas predominaram nos serviços, havendo maior proporção de internações prolongadas no Hospital Geral, provavelmente pela gravidade dos casos. A maior proporção das internações é proveniente de Ribeirão Preto, com predomínio daquelas oriundas do distrito atendido pelo Núcleo de Saúde Mental do Centro de Saúde Escola. Os diagnósticos mais encontrados em todos os serviços foram os transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas, transtornos do humor, transtornos psicóticos e transtornos de personalidades, havendo algumas diferenças nas proporções entre os serviços. O número de re-internações aproxima-se de um quarto (1/4) das internações em cada ano. O aumento das internações pode está relacionado as limitações da rede de serviços extra-hospitalares. A emergência psiquiátrica foi responsável por cerca de 40% das internações no período do trabalho. Novos serviços extra-hospitalares podem determinar melhorias na rede de atendimento. / At the beginning of the 1990s, psychiatric hospitalization costs were the second-largest source of all hospitalization costs in Brazil. Since 1992, as a result of the Ministry of Heath guidelines, there have been changes in the characteristics of these hospitalizations. Psychiatric hospitals have progressively ceased to be a part of the core health care system, and there has been an increase in the outpatient service network. The 13th Regional Health Authority (DRS XIII), headquartered in Ribeirão Preto, followed these guidelines, which led it to reorganize its mental health care. At the beginning of the 1990s, DRS XIII had 685 beds for the treatment of acute psychiatric patients: their occupancy rate was as high as 96%, the length of stay was high and there was a high number of readmissions. The guidelines, however, resulted in a reduction in the number of beds for acute patients to 114, whilst there was a simultaneous expansion in the mental health care outpatient services. These measures led to a drop in the number of hospital admissions, and the occupancy rate fell to 60 - 70%. Nevertheless, since 2003, it has been more difficult to provide full-time hospitalization due to lack of beds. The aim of this project is to evaluate these changes in the hospitalization policy. A central database was created using the data stored in the databases of each of the hospitals involved in the study. All hospitalizations between 1998 and 2004 were taken into account. The following variables were analyzed: age, gender, marital status, occupation, diagnosis, origin, health district (for patients that live in Ribeirão Preto), length of stay, readmissions, bed turnover rate and occupancy rate. 5,362 patients were hospitalized a total of 11,208 times according to the following breakdown: Psychiatric Hospital (47.8%), General Hospital (14.1%) and Emergency Psychiatric Unit (38.1%). The occupancy rate for full-time hospitalization services has increased over the last few years in spite of the bed turnover rate remaining relatively high. There are no significant differences between services as far as the demographic characteristics of the hospitalized patients are concerned: patients are still predominantly young unemployed males, who are not in stable partnerships, and come from the Ribeirão Preto region. Short-stay hospitalizations are predominant, with a higher proportion of longer hospitalizations in the General Hospital, which was probably due to the serious nature of these cases. The largest proportion of hospitalizations comes from Ribeirão Preto, especially from the district served by the Núcleo de Saúde Mental do Centro de Saúde Escola (Mental Health Unit of the Learning Health Center). The most common diagnoses were disorders brought on by psychoactive substance abuse, mood disorders, psychotic disorders and personality disorders, with there being some differences in the proportions from one service to another. Around 1/4 of the hospitalizations each year are readmissions. The psychiatric hospitalization increasing may be dual to the outpatient service network deficient. The emergency psychiatry unit was answerable for 40% of psychiatric hospitalization reported in this study. The outpatient service development may be improve the health care system.
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Da loucura à lucidez: discurso médico e alienação mental (São Luís: 1920-1940) / MADNESS TO CLARITY: medical and mental alienation speech (St. Louis: 1920-1940)

Damasceno, Pyetra Cutrim Lina 27 May 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-05-22T17:37:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PyetraCutrimDamasceno.pdf: 1114991 bytes, checksum: 11870d808d031aa4a00edfdc5d1bd055 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T17:37:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PyetraCutrimDamasceno.pdf: 1114991 bytes, checksum: 11870d808d031aa4a00edfdc5d1bd055 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-27 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / This present paper to understand psychiatric theories of the main theorical postulates hat developed on madness as well as understand the main principles of social medicine and eugenic political in the reconfiguration of urban spaces and the remodeling of the population's habits. We discuss the main restriction of actions of the spaces of the subjects considered crazy and how laws aimed at an organization of health care services, from the creation of alloys whose aim was to prevent the population of degeneration. The main problem revolves around the understanding of how these precepts arrived in São Luís and were used in the theory and practice of psychiatric Djalma Marques. The writings of Djalma Caldas Marques, in the "comments" of the journal "Pacotilha" are used as a place of diffusion of medical knowledge about mental illness and major medical discourse delivered in Brazil between the years 1920-1940. / O presente trabalho busca compreender as teorias psiquiátricas dos principais teóricos que desenvolveram postulados sobre a loucura, assim como entender os preceitos da medicina social e da política eugênica na reconfiguração dos espaços urbanos e no remodelamento dos hábitos da população. Discorremos sobre as principais ações de cerceamento dos espaços dos sujeitos considerados loucos e como as leis visavam a uma organização dos serviços de assistência à saúde, a partir da criação de Ligas cujo objetivo era prevenir a população da degeneração. A principal problemática gira em torno do entendimento de como esses preceitos chegaram em São Luís e foram utilizados na teoria e na prática psiquiátrica de Djalma Marques. Os escritos de Djalma Caldas Marques, na coluna “comentários” do periódico “Pacotilha” são utilizados como lócus de difusão de um saber médico acerca da alienação mental e dos principais discursos médicos proferidos no Brasil entre os anos de 1920-1940.

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