The present thesis deals with primary and secondary school pupilsʾunderstanding of vertical social mobility. The aim of the thesis is to analyze and compare how pupils understand the individual social factors introduced in the theoretical part oft he thesis. The first part ofthe thesis defines the theoretical concepts underlying vertical social mobility and related areas, constructivism and childrenʾs interpretations of the world. It also presents an overview of current research. The practical part consists in a qualitative analysis. The data forthe analysis are collected through individual in-depth interview with primary and secondary school pupils. The results of the analysis are then compared with previous studies, and linked to the curriculum for civic education and social sciences. KEYWORDS social mobility, constructivism, qualitativeresearch, pupil understanding, in-depth interview