The aim of this work was to find out and to evaluate the care of a mother and the brood of the Quinea pigs within 24 hours. Two groups of shorthaired Quinea pigs of the smooth breed were observed. The groups were composed of three females of the same age, where some of them were having brood. These individuals were filmed with a camera in a breeding facility. The video recordings were subsequently evaluated with using ethograms and after that with a verbal description of the mother's behavior while caring for her young animals. The recording of the different behavior in pre-prepared ethograms took 24-hours with one minute interval. This included also watching the breastfeeding, the coat caring of the brood, the female´s own feeding and drinking, the movements, the caring for their own hair, the rest (including the sleep), the lack of the interest in the young animals, and in one case also watching the interest of a mother in a dead young animal. In total, there were monitored three mothers in two steady groups. Where in the first group there was a mother (with brood) and two extra females. In the second group there were two mothers (with brood) with one extra female. The Guinea pigs belong to the animals that are caring for their brood since their birth. Throughout the observation period, no significant expelling of the young Guinea pigs was recorded. Until the breastfeeding was stopped, the mother looked after the brood with breastfeeding and with taking care of their coat. Even so, it was found out that most of the Quinea pigs are devoted to their own rest, which took them about half a day, 768 minutes (54 %). The breastfeeding took on average 170 minutes (12 %), however this care has ceased in the last observation. Taking care of the coat of the brood, which also has ceased in the last observation, took the females 15 minutes (1 %). Time spent with self feeding and drinking was 122 minutes (9 %). The female movements around the cage took on average of 306 minutes (21 %). The care for their own coat took 36 minutes (2 %). The expelling of the brood took on average 12 minutes (1 %).