Objetivo: Comparar dois métodos de aferição da perda de inserção clínica (PI) em pacientes periodontais. Materiais e métodos: Setenta e cinco exames (50,9 ± 8,02 anos, 72,2% mulheres e 49,4% não-fumantes), realizados por examinadores calibrados, com registro do Índice de placa visível (IPV), Índice de Sangramento gengival (ISG), Profundidade de Sondagem (PS), Sangramento à Sondagem (SS), Perda de Inserção Clínica aferida pelo método direto (PID) e Recessão Gengival (RG), em 6 sítios/dente, foram utilizados. Valores para PII (método indireto) resultaram do somatório da PS e RG dos sítios RG+ (sítios com recessão gengival). A PID foi considerada como referência. Os dados foram analisados por “clusters”. A dependência dos dados foi observada em níveis hierárquicos: indivíduo/exame, dente e sítio. Para a comparação entre PID e PII gerou-se o valor de d (diferença entre os métodos). Modelos multivariados foram aplicados para investigar o comportamento das demais variáveis em relação à estimação da PI. O Gráfico de Bland-Altman foi gerado para verificar a distribuição da concordância entre os métodos. Resultados: A média de PID (3,96±2,07) foi significativamente menor que a observada para PII (4,47±2,03). Portanto, o valor de d foi de 0,513±1,23. A análise multivariada revelou que ISG, SS, PS e o fato de ser sítio interproximal exerceram influência significativa nas aferições de PII em relação à PID (p≤0,05). A cada milímetro a mais de PS, a PII aumenta em até 0,38mm. Conclusão: Considerando-se a superestimação do dano periodontal determinada pelo método indireto, sugere-se que a PID seja preferível para a realização de exames periodontais, como uma forma de minimizar vieses de aferição. / Objective: This observational study sought to compare two methods for determination of clinical attachment loss (CAL) in periodontal evaluation. Materials and methods: The sample comprised 75 exams from periodontal patients (50.9±8.02 years; 72,2% female; 49.4% nonsmokers). Visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and gingival recession (GR) were assessed at six sites per tooth. Direct clinical attachment level (CALD) measurements were obtained by measuring the distance between the CEJ and the most apical of probe penetration in the gingival sulcus/periodontal pocket. Indirect clinical attachment level (CALI) was calculated by adding the PD and GR measurements of sites with gingival recession (GR+). These measurements were obtained by three calibrated raters. Means were calculated for each indicator. Data were assessed by cluster analysis. Data dependence was observed at the following hierarchical levels: patient/examination, tooth, and site. The methods were compared by means of the difference (d) between CALD and CALI values. Univariate and multivariate mixed models were then applied. A Bland–Altman plot was generated to ascertain the distribution of agreement between the two methods for CAL determination. Results: The mean CALD and CALI values were 3.96±2.07and 4.47±2.03, respectively. Therefore, the indirect method overestimated CAL (d=0.513±1.23). On multivariate analysis, GBI, BOP, PD, and interproximal site location had a significant influence on CALI measurements as compared with CALD (p ≤ 0.05). With each additional 1 mm in PD, CALI increased by up to 0.38 mm. Conclusion: Given the extent to which periodontal damage is overestimated by the indirect method, we suggest that the directly measured clinical attachment level is preferable for periodontal examination, so as to minimize measurement bias.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:26:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9826_DISSERTAÇÃO FINAL.pdf: 516782 bytes, checksum: f8a8e0ac8e3f39b30abbc544c45a8cf3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-12 / Não existem estudos conclusivos que determinem a exata relação entre a recessão gengival e a hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical. Diante da prevalência do problema de hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical associado com a recessão gengival, justifica-se a importância do conhecimento da relação destas condições clinicas. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar pacientes com recessão gengival vestibular e sua associação com a hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical em estudo clínico em 61 pacientes atendidos na Clínica Odontológica do Curso de Odontologia da UFES. Eles foram selecionados quanto à presença de recessão gengival e após identificada a recessão o paciente foi submetido a avaliação com o intuito de identificar a relação com hipersensibilidade da dentinária cervical. Foram anotados de todos os pacientes dados referentes à idade, sexo, e o tipo de dente. No exame clínico foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: determinação da presença ou não do sangramento, presença visível de placa, altura da recessão gengival e hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical. O grau de sensibilidade foi classificado utilizando estímulo térmico (Endo-Ice Spray MAQUIRA®- PR/ Brasil), segundo UCHIDA em grau 0,1,2,3 sendo 0 (sem desconforto significativo),1 (desconforto, mas sem dor considerável), 2 (dor aguda durante a aplicação do estímulo), 3 (dor aguda durante e após a aplicação do estímulo). A associação entre os dentes que apresentam recessão gengival e a presença de hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical apresentou significância estatística com p<0,001, sendo a soma do grau sensibilidade em 69,5%, com índice 3 em 39,6% seguido de índice 2 com 29,9%. A recessão gengival e hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical são mais comuns do lado esquerdo do que o lado direito da arcada dentária com mais recessão gengival do lado esquerdo 56.4% (87 dentes) do que do lado direito 43,6% (67 dentes), o sangramento à sondagem e o índice de placa visível não apresentaram significância estatística ao nível de 5% (p = 0,227 e p = 0,687). Conclui-se que houve relação entre hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical e recessão gengival. / The gingival recession is commonly associated to cervical dentinal hypersensitivity. However, there are no conclusive studies which determine such relationship. The prevalence between these two clinical conditions is usually originated in cervical dentinal hypersensitivity, associated with gingival recession and it justifies the importance of understanding the relationship of these clinical conditions. The objective of this clinical study is to evaluate patients with vestibular gingival recession and the relationship of such condition with the cervical dentin hypersensitivity. Sixtyone patients were submitted to treatment at the Dental Clinic of the UFES School of Dentistry with gingival recession. Subjects were examined in search for the presence of gingival recession and evaluated in order to identify the relationship of each lesion with the cervical dentinal hypersensitivity. Age, gender and teeth type were taken into consideration. The following parameters were recorded through clinical examination: presence or absence of bleeding, visible presence of plaque/biofilm, gingival recession and cervical dentin hypersensitivity. The sensitivity factor (UCHIDA) was applied for sensitivity measurement. The association between the teeth with gingival recession and the presence of cervical dentin hypersensitivity showed statistical significance p<0.001, where the sum of the sensitivity factors were: 69.5% with index 3 in 39.6% of subjects, followed by index 2 featuring 29.9. It was observed, within the studied group, that gingival recession and cervical dentine hypersensitivity are more common on the left side than on the right side of the dentin with arch gingival recession on the left 56.4% (87 teeth) than the right side of 43.6% (67 teeth), bleeding on probing and visible biofilm index were not statistically significant at 5% (p=0.227 and p=0.687). It was concluded that there is a relationship between cervical dentin hypersensitivity and gingival recession.

Orientador: Enilson Antonio Sallum / Dissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T13:02:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Suaid_FabriciaFerreira_M.pdf: 1294405 bytes, checksum: 8106398e3a230d0f3fbccbd2dd04a6cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar histometricamente, o processo de cura dos defeitos periodontais tipo retrações gengivais, criados cirurgicamente em cães, após serem tratados pela técnica do enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial em associação com o plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP). Inicialmente foram criados cirurgicamente defeitos de retração Classe I de Miller nos caninos superiores de seis cães de raça indefinida. Após um mês de cronificação, os defeitos bilaterais semelhantes foram aleatoriamente designados a receber os seguintes tratamentos: Lado 1: enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial associado ao uso de PRP; Lado 2: enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial. Decorridos 45 dias do tratamento os animais foram sacrificados e foram obtidas as peças para análise histológica dos seguintes parâmetros histométricos: novo cemento formado com fibras inseridas, novo osso, extensão do epitélio sulcular e juncional, área de adaptação conjuntiva e extensão do defeito. Observou-se uma maior extensão linear de novo cemento estatisticamente significante (p⿤ 0,05) nos dentes tratados com o PRP (2,18 ± 0,78 mm) quando comparados aos dentes do lado controle (1,19 ± 0,62 mm). Todos os outros parâmetros não tiveram diferenças estatísticas. As médias obtidas nos lados teste e controle, respectivamente, foram: extensão de epitélio sulcular e juncional, 2,04 ± 0,57mm e 2,49 ± 0,82mm; adaptação conjuntiva 0,29 ± 0,28mm e 0,23 ± 0,18mm; novo osso â¿¿ 0,57 ± 0,95mm e â¿¿ 0,46 ± 1,34mm, e extensão do defeito 4,13 ± 0,83mm e 4,47 ± 0,58mm. Considerando os limites deste estudo, pode-se concluir que a associação do PRP ao enxerto de tecido conjuntivo, no tratamento de defeitos de retração, promoveu maior neoformação cementária quando comparado ao tratamento controle / Abstract: The aim of this study was to histometrically evaluate the healing process of gingival recessions treated by PRP in combination with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) and to compare it to that obtained with SCTG alone (Control). Six mongrel dogs were used in the experiment. Gingival recessions (5x7mm) were surgically created and exposed to plaque accumulation for 1 month. Contralateral defects were then randomly assigned to test group or control. Dogs were sacrificed 45 days after healing, and the blocks containing the experimental specimens were processed for histological analysis. The histometric parameters evaluated were: length of sulcular and junctional epithelium, connective tissue adaptation, new cementum, new bone and defect extension. A superior length of new cementum, statistically significant, was observed in sites treated with PRP (2.18 ± 0.78mm) in comparison with the control (1.19 ± 0.62mm). No statistical differences in any other parameters evaluated were detected. The extension of the sulcular and junctional epithelium was 2.04 ± 0.57 mm for the PRP group and 2.49 ± 0.82mm for the control. The new connective tissue adjacent to the root without cementum formation was 0.29 ± 0.28 mm and 0.23 ± 0.18 mm for the PRP group and control, respectively. Bone formation was â¿¿ 0.57 ± 0.95 mm for the PRP group and â¿¿ 0.46 ± 1.34mm for the control. Within the limits of this study, it was concluded that PRP in combination with subepithelial connective tissue graft, when compared to the other treatment (control), seems to be more effective in promoting new cementum formation / Mestrado / Periodontia / Mestre em Clínica Odontológica

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-03T13:36:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 anelieseholetzdetoledolourenco.pdf: 1031352 bytes, checksum: 854cb00affac32d268ed966a87b7d1bb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-03T19:01:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anelieseholetzdetoledolourenco.pdf: 1031352 bytes, checksum: 854cb00affac32d268ed966a87b7d1bb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-03T19:01:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anelieseholetzdetoledolourenco.pdf: 1031352 bytes, checksum: 854cb00affac32d268ed966a87b7d1bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-07 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Realizou-se uma investigação clínica com o intuito de verificar a efetividade da incorporação da tenda e do arco de polidioxanona à técnica do tracionamento coronal do retalho - sem o uso de membrana de Regeneração Tecidual Guiada - no recobrimento das recessões gengivais Classe I e II de Miller pós-tratamento ortodôntico.Quarenta e nove recessões gengivais (16 pacientes) foram avaliadas antes e após o procedimento cirúrgico (0, 7, 30, 60, e 120 dias). Registrou-se o Nível da Recessão Gengival (NRG), a Profundidade do Sulco Gengival (PSG) e a Altura da Mucosa Ceratinizada (AMC). Durante o procedimento cirúrgico, fios de polidioxanona foram inseridos em pequenos orifícios realizados na crista óssea interradicular (não se adicionou uma membrana de Regeneração Tecidual Guiada) e o retalho foi tracionado coronalmente para recobrimento das recessões. A análise estatística realizada utilizou o teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Ao término do acompanhamento verificou-se que em 48 casos, o nível final da recessão gengival foi menor que o inicial (NRG: 2,55 mm+-1,11/dia 0; 0,34 mm+-0,65/dia 120 – p=0.0001); a profundidade final do sulco gengival mostrou-se idêntica à inicial em 47 casos (PSG: 0,99 mm+-0,71/dias 0 e 120 – p=1) e que a altura final da mucosa ceranitizada foi maior que a original em 46 casos (AMC: 2,38 mm+-0,76/dia 0; 3,18 mm+- 0,90/dia 120 – p=0.0001). Concluiu-se que, a incorporação da tenda e do arco de polidioxanona à técnica do tracionamento coronal do retalho - sem o uso de membrana de Regeneração Tecidual Guiada - permite o recobrimento das recessões gengivais Classe I e II de Miller pós-tratamento ortodôntico, não havendo formação de sulco gengival aumentado, permitindo ainda, aumento da faixa de mucosa ceratinizada. / This study evaluates the clinical effectiveness of a polydioxanone tend and arch - with no use of Guided Tissue Regeneration membrane - in a root coverage method for Miller Class I and II gingival recessions after orthodontics treatment. Forty-nine gingival recessions (in 16 patients) were observed before and after the surgical procedure (0, 7, 30, 60, and 120 days). The gingival recession level (NRG), the sulcus probing depth (PSG) and the Keratinized Mucosa Width (AMC) were registered. During the surgery, polydioxanone tend and arch were inserted in little holes in osseous crest (there was not Guided Tissue Regeneration membrane addition) and the flap was coronally positioned in order to cover the gingival recessions. Statistical analysis was performed with the non-parametric Wilcoxon test. The results could showed that in 48 cases, the final gingival recession was smaller than the initial level (NRG: 2,55 mm+-1,11/dia 0; 0,34 mm+-0,65/dia 120 – p=0.0001); the sulcus probing depth showed the same values at the beginning and at the end of experiment in 47 cases (PSG: 0,99 mm+-0,71/dias 0 e 120 – p=1) and the keratinized mucosa width was greater at day 120 than at day 0 in 46 cases (AMC: 2,38 mm+-0,76/dia 0; 3,18 mm+- 0,90/dia 120 – p=0.0001). The conclusion was that the addition of a polydioxanone tend and arch to the coronally positioned flap - with no use of a Guided Tissue Regeneration membrane – allow the root coverage of Miller Class I and II gingival recessions, with no formation of deeper gingival sulcus, still allows increasing in a keratinized mucosa width.

Orientador: Enilson Antonio Sallum / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T07:46:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreira_AnaReginaOliveira_D.pdf: 1321672 bytes, checksum: 60276889e2016b79becb459a39f622a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar prospectivamente o resultado clínico do tratamento de retrações gengivais localizadas com a técnica de retalho posicionado coronariamente (RPC), associada ou não a enxerto de matriz de colágeno xenógeno (MC) e o efeito nos níveis de biomarcadores angiogênicos no fluido crevicular gengival (FCG). Para tanto, 40 pacientes apresentando retração gengival Classe I ou II de Miller ? 2 mm em caninos ou pré-molares superiores foram selecionados. Os 40 defeitos foram aleatoriamente designados para o grupo RPC ou para o grupo RPC+MC. Os parâmetros clínicos avaliados foram profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível de inserção clínico (NIC), altura da retração gengival (RG), espessura de tecido queratinizado (ETQ) e altura de tecido queratinizado (ATQ). Medidas clínicas foram tomadas no início do estudo (baseline), 6 meses, 1 e 2 anos após a cirurgia. A variável primária do estudo foi redução da retração gengival. FCG foi coletado no baseline, 45 dias, 2, 3 e 6 meses após a cirurgia. Os níveis de fator de crescimento de fibroblastos (FGF-2), fator de crescimento derivado de plaquetas (PDGF-BB), fator de crescimento vascular endotelial (VEGF) e fator estimulador de colônias de macrófagos e granulócitos (GM-CSF) no FCG foram avaliadas por imunoensaio multianalito (Luminex/Magpix, Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, EUA). Clinicamente, os dois grupos estudados resultaram em significativa redução da retração gengival, entretanto, o grupo RPC apresentou maior RG residual (1.13±0.49 mm) ao final de 2 anos de acompanhamento, comparado ao grupo RPC+MC (0.85±0.90 mm) (p>0,05). A porcentagem de cobertura radicular reduziu de 77,2±21,20% para 75,70±25,28% no grupo RPC+MC e de 72,11±14,45% para 63,43±14,75% no grupo RPC, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre os tratamentos (p>0,05). Cobertura radicular completa foi alcançada em 28% (n=5) dos sítios no grupo RPC+MC e 22% (n=4) dos sítios no grupo RPC. No final do estudo, não foi observado ganho estatisticamente significante na ETQ (p>0,05). Adicionalmente, houve um aumento na ATQ em ambos os tratamentos, comparado aos valores de baseline, embora sem diferença estatisticamente significante (p>0,05). Com relação ao perfil imunológico, nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada na análise intragrupo, para ambos os tratamentos. Os níveis de PDGF-BB e VEGF foram significativamente maiores no grupo RPC+MC quando comparado ao grupo RPC após 2 meses da cirurgia (p<0,05). Diferenças intergrupo não foram observadas para FGF-2 e GM-CSF (p>0,05). Dentro dos limites deste estudo, pode-se concluir que RPC, associado ou não a MC, resultou em significativa redução da retração gengival. Entretanto, quando a matriz foi utilizada, maior estabilidade da margem gengival foi observada após 2 anos de acompanhamento e maiores níveis de biomarcadores angiogênicos FCG foram detectados, sugerindo um papel da matriz de colágeno na modulação da resposta tecidual / Abstract: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the clinical outcome of localized gingival recessions treatment with coronally positioned flap technique (CAF), with or without xenogeneic collagen matrix graft (MC) and the effect on the levels of angiogenic biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). For this purpose, 40 patients with Miller Class I or II gingival recession ? 2 mm in maxillary canines or premolars were selected. The 40 defects were randomly assigned to either the CAF group or CAF+CM group. The clinical parameters evaluated were probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession depth (GR), keratinized tissue thickness (KTT) and keratinized tissue width (KTW). Clinical measurements were performed at baseline, 6 months, 1 and 2 years after surgery. The primary endpoint of the study was gingival recession reduction. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at baseline, 45 days 2, 3 and 6 months after surgery. The levels of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were assessed by multiplex immunoassay. Clinically, the two groups resulted in significant recession reduction. However, CAF group presented greater residual gingival recession (1.13±0.49 mm) at the end of 2 years follow-up, compared to CAF+CM group (0.85±0.90 mm) (p>0.05). The percentage of root coverage reduced from 77.2±21.20% to 75.70±25.28% in CAF+CM group, and from 72.11±14.45% to 63.43±14.75% in CAF group, with no statistically significant difference between treatments (p> 0.05). Complete root coverage was achieved in 28% (n = 5) of sites in CAF+CM group and 22% (n = 4) of sites in the CAF group. At the end of the study, no statistically significant difference for KTT was observed for intra- and inter-group analysis (p>0.05). Additionally, gain in KTW was observed in both treatment groups compared to baseline values, although no statistically significant difference have been detected. Regarding immunological profile analysis, no significant difference was found in intra-group analysis for both treatments (p>0.05). The levels of PDGF-BB and VEGF were significantly higher in CAF+CM group compared with CAF alone 2 months after surgery (p<0.05). Inter-group differences were not observed for FGF-2 and GM-CSF (p>0.05). Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that CAF, with or without CM, resulted in significant gingival recession reduction. However, when the matrix was used, higher stability of the gingival margin was observed after 2 years follow-up and higher levels of angiogenic biomarkers were detected, suggesting a role in modulating tissue response / Doutorado / Periodontia / Doutora em Clínica Odontológica

We examine net lending/net borrowing and the underlying debt dynamics at the sectoral level in the European Union. Saving and investment patterns indicate that there have been considerable deleveraging efforts since the start of the global financial crisis, particularly in the nonfinancial corporate and household sectors. In many EU countries, however, this decline in credit transactions has not yet led to a significant reduction of sectoral debt-to-GDP ratios. Subdued output growth and low or even negative inflation rates have undermined the deleveraging process and increased real debt burdens in a number of European economies. Since these are often the countries that had experienced strong credit booms prior to the crisis, rebalancing needs are likely to persist and may be a significant drag on the recovery in the near future. Furthermore, most of the ongoing rebalancing - both in terms of debt levels and current account deficits - is based on a sharp decline in investment rather than an increase in saving, which might lead to lower potential growth in the future. Recent developments may even jeopardize the catching-up process of peripheral euro area countries and non-euro area EU Member States in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / In this thesis, I examine household strategies in response to water level fluctuations of Lake Chilwa. I also analyse the frequency and patterns of migration of fishers, conflicts due to migration of fishers and comanagement. The following are the key results:First, the seasonal and periodic lake level changes affect livelihoods of the households. As a coping strategy, the households depend on fishing in pools of water located in influent rivers and hunt birds for income and food while others migrate to find work as casual labourers. When the lake rises during the rain season, inundated areas become suitable for production of maize and rice. However, when the floods recede in the dry season, farming of winter maize and vegetables is common.Second, migration of fishers is common around Lake Chilwa. The pattern of migration varies according to the season and gear type. The northern marshes and floodplain where fishers land the highest catches composed mainly of Barbus paludinosus, attract more fishers operating different fishing gear types. Conflicts emerge due to the Nkacha seine operations,which require removal of aquatic vegetation. The local fishers believe that the aquatic vegetation is a source of food for fish. The conflicts are in various forms including access to fishing grounds, authority to grant access to fishing areas and fish price competition between the local fishers and migrants.Third, the household strategies towards recovery of the fishery after recessions are inherent within the households’ traditional system.However, the introduction of co-management does not recognise key actors that include fishers and river-based fishing households that participated in the formulation of conservation strategies for remnant fish stocks in lagoon and rivers during the 1995 recession. Co-management is characterised by limited participation of the fishers especially those operating seines, district assemblies and non-governmental organisations. Similarly, there is low transparency especially with respect to how the key stakeholders, Department of Fisheries and traditional leaders, take decisions. In stark contrast, accountability among Beach Village Sub- Committees is growing; hence more fishing households now perceive these as representing the interests of Department of Fisheries.Based on the above results, a diversified occupational change involving fishing, farming and trading is necessary. The co-management arrangement should be adaptive with consideration of the traditional customs and values of the participating households. Since these households are dependent on the availability of fisheries, it is thus imperative to promote maximum resource exploitation in between recessions and encourage a complete stop to fishing during recessions.September 2009

The study’s main concern was the extent to which the price earnings (P/E) valuation model and constant growth dividend discount valuation model (DDM) can estimate the intrinsic value of a share. The context within which the concern was addressed is the boom and recession conditions of South Africa during the period 1994–1999. The study used the following descriptive statistics to make a comparison of the performance of each model: <ul><li> Theil’s inequality coefficient; </li><li> coefficient of variation; </li><li> percentage improvement in the inter-quartile range (%IMP); and</li><li> the Wilcoxon test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. </li></ul> The study found that: <ul><li> the DDM is more efficient in estimating the intrinsic value in the boom period compared to the recession period. </li><li> P/E is more efficient in estimating the intrinsic value in the recession period than the boom period. </li><li> When the business cycle changed from a boom to a recession the %IMP increased for the DDM and the P/E model showing that there was no improvement in performance. Instead, it showed an increase in the IQR of each model. The increase in the DDM was smaller than that of the P/E model. </li><li> The difference between the absolute valuation errors of the DDM across the two phases of the business cycle (boom and recession) was not statistically significant while those of the P/E were significant. </li></ul> / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Financial Management / unrestricted

Despite a clear impact on the Canadian economy, little is known about the subsequent health impacts of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC). This thesis aims to fill this gap in knowledge by conducting a secondary analysis of Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data to assess the impact of the GFC on health in Canada – a country that has not yet been thoroughly studied from this angle. Based on when the respondent completed the survey, exposure to the GFC was categorized into four phases: pre-crisis, crisis, stimulus, and austerity. Outcomes investigated include measures of mental health, physical health, and health-related behaviours. Statistically significant associations were observed between several health outcomes and the austerity period as compared to the pre-crisis period. Austerity has been linked to worsening health in other studies and represents an example of how the policy response can have greater detrimental impact on health than the financial crisis itself.

The paper is describing the effects of recessions and current financial crisis on companies and their marketing. The topic covers the history of marketing throughout the world biggest recessions and describes the current marketing efforts of Czech companies under the current financial crisis. A strategical analysis with the impacts of crisis on long-term strategy planning is provided at the end of the paper.