Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-21T19:30:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RobertaBacellarOrazem_TESE.pdf: 30484293 bytes, checksum: c3276269606f442fd90243e600805c5d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-21T22:02:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RobertaBacellarOrazem_TESE.pdf: 30484293 bytes, checksum: c3276269606f442fd90243e600805c5d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-21T22:02:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RobertaBacellarOrazem_TESE.pdf: 30484293 bytes, checksum: c3276269606f442fd90243e600805c5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-05 / Este estudo investiga a atua??o dos religiosos denominados carmelitas cal?ados, da Ordem do Carmo no Brasil, no per?odo entre 1580 e 1800, na capitania da Bahia de Todos os Santos (Rec?ncavo, cidade de Salvador e Sergipe) e na capitania de Pernambuco (Alagoas, Pernambuco e Itamarac?). A pesquisa n?o inclui os cal?ados ditos 'reformados' dos conventos de Goiana, Recife e Para?ba. A Ordem do Carmo ? uma ordem religiosa da Igreja Cat?lica, criada no s?culo XII e que, no s?culo XVI, dividiu-se em carmelitas cal?ados e descal?os. Os cal?ados chegaram ao Brasil em 1580, provenientes de Portugal, instalaram conventos nos principais n?cleos urbanos e possu?ram bens como escravos, fazendas e outras constru??es. Como toda ordem religiosa, os carmelitas cal?ados tinham o seu modus operandi. Este trabalho enfatiza a sua forma de atuar na cidade, tanto individualmente, quanto no conjunto de funda??es religiosas carmelitas (em rede). Essa atua??o terminou por afetar, ainda que, indiretamente, a constru??o de determinados aspectos da arquitetura, da cidade e do territ?rio no Brasil colonial. O objetivo principal do estudo ? demonstrar o impacto da atua??o dos carmelitas cal?ados da Bahia e de Pernambuco no territ?rio do Brasil colonial, este sendo analisado segundo tr?s escalas: , 1) a da regi?o ou interurbana; 2) a da cidade ou intra-urbana; 3) a do edif?cio ou da arquitetura. . A pesquisa se vale do m?todo comparativo de an?lise, especialmente para a escala da arquitetura. O trabalho demonstra que os carmelitas cal?ados da Bahia e Pernambuco, mesmo n?o atuando diretamente como arquitetos ou urbanistas, contribu?ram para a forma??o do territ?rio do Nordeste do Brasil no per?odo colonial, atuando em uma rede religiosa conventual hierarquizada e bem articulada, econ?mica e socialmente. Al?m disso, influenciaram a forma??o e o crescimento de diversos n?cleos urbanos coloniais da Bahia at? Pernambuco, principalmente, no entorno imediato de suas edifica??es religiosas. Finalmente, ? evidente a contribui??o desses religiosos para a arquitetura colonial, como pode ser visto pelas caracter?sticas arquitet?nicas das igrejas e conventos analisados, dos quais grande parte resiste at? os dias atuais. / This study investigates the religious group named 'shoe wearing carmelites' (or Calced Carmelites) from Brazil?s Order of Carmo, from 1580 until 1800, in the Capitaincy of Bahia de Todos os Santos (Rec?ncavo, city of Salvador and Sergipe) and in the Capitaincy of Pernambuco (Alagoas, Pernambuco and Itamarac?). The study does not include the religious group known as the 'Reformed' Carmelites from Goiana, Recife and Para?ba convents. The Order of Carmo is a religious order from the Roman Catholic Church, founded in the 12th century. By the 16th century they were split into 'Calced' and 'Discalced'. In 1580 the Calced ones came from Portugal to Brazil, built convents in urban areas and were able to acquire slaves, farms and other assets. As any other religious order, the Carmelites had their modus operandi. This work emphasizes the way they operated or acted in the city, either individually or in association with other Carmelite religious foundations elsewhere (networking). Their action affected, although indirectly, the building of some specific aspects of the architecture, the city and the territory in colonial Brazil. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the impact of the Calced Carmelites from Bahia and Pernambuco upon the territory of colonial Brazil, which is analyzed according to three scales: 1) the region or interurban; 2) the city or intraurban; 3) the building or the architecture. The research employs the comparative method of analysis, especially for the architectural scale. The work demonstrates that although not acting as architects or urbanists, the Carmelites contributed to the formation of the colonial territory of Brazil, behaving as a well-articulated and hierarchized religious network, from an economic and social perspective. Moreover, they influenced the emergence and growth of several colonial urban nuclei, from Bahia to Pernambuco, mainly in the surroundings of their religious buildings. Finally, it is very clear this religious order?s contribution to colonial architecture, as it can be seen by the architectural characteristics of the convents and churches which have been analyzed, many of which still stand in a good state of conservation nowadays.