The aim of this dissertation thesis is to improve price calculation used in the national accounts. The first chapter contains a description of indices and their use in the system of the national accounts. The second chapter is focused on the system of the national accounts especially supply and use tables, which are the basis for the estimate of macro aggregates at the prices of the reference period. The third chapter describes non-market services and their deflation. Output of non-market services is estimated as the sum of related costs. Input method does not allow to estimate productivity and efficiency of their provision. The main part of the chapter is devoted to the description of the developed methodology for deflation of education services in the Czech Republic, which is in line with international recommendations and enables an estimate of productivity. Using the methodology an estimate of the development of education services has been done for the year 2004 and onwards. The forth chapter deals with regional price levels and possibilities of their estimate. The description of the developed methodology as well as estimated price level for 2007 is included in this chapter. Indicators recalculated to the same price level provide quite different view on economic performance and well-being in regions of the Czech Republic.

Several studies have shown that prices differ across regions and affect standards of living substantially. This thesis investigates whether they cause the differential impact of minimum wage on employment and hours of work across the European Union NUTS 2 regions. Based on the existing regional price estimates of 7 European Union countries and publicly available aggregate regional data, estimates of regional price levels for another 11 European Union countries with minimum wage are obtained. The method that was used for this purpose (multiple imputation) enables to use the resulting estimates as an explanatory variable in another regression as it takes into consideration using imputed instead of observed values by correcting the variances of parameter coefficients. The impacts of minimum wage are investigated for 3 groups of people who are at risk of being affected by its increase - young adults (15-19 years), low-educated individuals and low-skilled individuals. The results indicate that the minimum wage has a negative impact on employment that is higher in regions with higher price levels. The negative effect of minimum wage on hours of work was not confirmed.