Abstract  The use of alternative water resources such as rainwater where drinking water quality is dispensable is an important measure towards a more sustainable water management. Despite raised awareness of future water scarcity, and despite a growing field of theoretical and practical competence, the development of rainwater reuse is progressing slowly in Sweden compared to other European countries. The following essay aims to investigate drivers and barriers concerning increased implementation of rainwater reuse, or RWH (Rainwater harvesting), in Sweden. Data collection was made by interviews with respondents from municipality, construction and from REWAISE, a project aiming to decrease drinking water usage and by notes from meetings, webinars and workshops with participants from relevant fields. The theoretical framework consisted of the keywords knowledge, legislation, economy, political influence and environmental engagement and urban environmental transition theory and was used in order to understand why alternative water sources are chosen, or neglected, in construction plans. The results showed that entrepreneurs often found the legislation to be confusing and wanting, and that RWH was associated with economic risks. Initiatives were also hampered by unclear legislation, and by shortages in the exchange of knowledge within the field. Builders and city planners ask for more explicit general outlines and for shared burden of responsibilities. Personal environmental engagement showed to be an important driver, but best effect was reached when it was combined with political support.