The Internet is a common technology nowadays in our daily life. More and more people think it will soon replace traditional mass media and become the new age public forum. However, the cyberspace is not as open, free, and democratic as we may imagine. Actually more and more regulations and rules are imposed on it. But deviating behaviors such as conflicts, crimes, and violence did not decrease with all the regulations and rules. And the hierarchy of power and class did not disappear from the cyberspace as the internet utopians described. The researcher investigated one of the biggest and most popular virtual community in Taiwan, Gassiping Board in PTT Bulletin Board System, in particular regulation and power aspects, and tried to find out what is behind the regulations and how the collective behaviors of the users collide with the power of the administrators and the order of the board. Do they reflect any social value or internet culture? And what is the connection with the real world? With the idea of regulation in Lawrence Lessig¡¦s book Code v2 and the concept of cyberpower, the researcher analysed the important changes and conflicts occurred on Gassiping Board. Gassiping Board can be seen as a free speech market by Lessig¡¦s concept, and the rules serving as laws, which give power to the administrators, along with the internet norms, regulate the behaviour of the users. By the code, the administrators can execute the rules. However, the common users have their own power given by the design of the code to rival the administrators, and they can even change the rules, the norms, and the free speech market of Gassiping Board. Also, some changing effects come from outside the virtual community, namely from the real world. Although the administrators have superior power of technology, most of the time they are low in authority. It is hard for them to regulate all the users under the anti-control culture in the cyberspace. The users of Gassiping Board will gather all their powers when it is necessary, and will even destroy the order and overthrow the power of the administrators. However, this phenomenon indicates self-centredness and lack of respect to others, no matter if it is led by the common users or the administrators. Even though the internet is a modern technology product, in practice modern values such as the quality of democracy, law and order can not work with the internet users in making the virtual community a public sphere with both freedom and order.

Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (teleomorph Gibberella moniliformis Wineland) is a fungal pathogen of maize that causes ear rots and stalk rots worldwide. In addition, it produces a group of mycotoxins called fumonisins when the fungus colonizes maize and maize-based products. Fumonisin B1 (FB1), the predominant form occurring in nature, can cause detrimental health effects in animals and humans. Several efforts were made to study the host and pathogen factors that contribute to the production of fumonisins. Using the available genomic resources, three genes with a potential role in FB1 regulation and development were identified. The genes are GBP1, GBB1 and GAP1. This research describes molecular characterization of these genes with respect to regulation of FB1 and development in F. verticillioides. GBP1 is a monomeric GTP binding protein with similarity to DRG and Obg sub-classes of G-proteins. GBB1 encodes heterotrimeric GTP binding protein β subunit. GAP1 is a GPI (Glycophosphotidylinositol) anchored protein, which belongs to a family of cell wall proteins. Targeted deletion and complementation studies indicated that GBP1 is negatively associated with FB1 biosynthesis but had no effect on conidiation in F. verticillioides. GBB1 plays an important role in regulation of FB1 biosynthesis, conidiation and hyphal growth, but not virulence. GAP1 is associated with growth, development and conidiation but not in positive regulation of FB1 or pathogenicity. The outcome of this study revealed new molecular genetic components that will help scientists better understand signal transduction pathways that regulate FB1 biosynthesis and conidiation in F. verticillioides.

Individuals who are members of stigmatized groups, such as lesbians, gays, and bisexuals, have cognitive deficits in situations that are threatening or hostile to the group in question. Stereotype threat and stigma threat research suggests these cognitive deficits occur in people who identify with stigmatized groups as a result of anxiety. Yet regulating impulses may also create cognitive deficits because it is effortful and diminishes the ability to perform cognitive tasks. This study investigates whether the regulation of undesired sexual impulses causes cognitive deficits in threatening situations even in people who do not identify with a stigmatized group. An implicit measure of sexual attraction to the same gender was administered to participants who self-identified as heterosexual (n = 317). Sexual impulses were primed by asking participants to write about an attractive person of the same or opposite sex or a neutral object. An interaction was found between implicit same sex attraction and the salience of same sex attraction in predicting self-control performance. Participants with a higher level of implicit same sex attraction performed worse on a self-control task after writing about the attractiveness of a same sex person. People with implicit same sex attraction who identify as heterosexual may have more difficulty with tasks requiring self-control or regulatory abilities as well as worse performance outcomes in work and school settings.

The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between age, temperament, emotional regulation, creative drama and preschoolers¡¦ creativity. The participants included 116 preschool children sampling from kindergartens in Taipei, Kaohsiung, and Hsinchu City. The employed instruments were The Childhood Temperament Inventory, The Checklist of Creative Drama Instruction, The Checklist of Emotional Regulation Strategy, and The Test of Creativity. The data were collected via observation, interviews, and questionnaires; and the applied analysis methods were Descriptives, One-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance, One-way Univariate Analysis of Variance, Canonical Correlation, and Discriminant Analysis. The main findings in this study were as follows¡G 1.While significant gender differences on temperament were found, no significant differences were found on the preschoolers¡¦ performances in emotional regulation and creativity. 2.The children in the big class outperformed those in the middle class on creativity. 3.Temperament had significant differences on the preschools¡¦ creativity; more specifically, those with positive temperament outperformed those with negative temperament on the overall creativity performance, and the temperament of ¡§persistence¡¨ had the highest correlation with the preschoolers¡¦ performances on ¡§novelty¡¨ and ¡§usefulness¡¨. 4.Emotional regulation had positive influences on the preschools¡¦ creativity; more specifically, the ¡§social strategy¡¨ of emotional regulation had the highest correlation with the preschoolers¡¦ performances on ¡§novelty¡¨ and ¡§usefulness¡¨. . 5.Creativity drama instruction had significant differences on the preschools¡¦ creativity performance as well as on ¡§novelty¡¨ and ¡§usefulness¡¨. 6.Age, temperament, emotional regulation, and creative drama could jointly predict the preschools¡¦ ability group of creativity. Finally, the researcher proposed some suggestions for educational instruction and future studies.

In the last decade, both transport and communication technologies have advanced significantly, and international interactions between countries no longer are limited by distance, the world is changing in a great speed. In the same time, Kaohsiung also faces major changes. The opening of Taiwan High-speed Railway and Kaohsiung city's new MRT system will have a significant impact on its¡¦ development, and will definitely bring new problems and needs to the city. Facing the changes of city-region competition and cooperation, domestic economical and political situation, the city's urban development is already linked together with the international progress. With the impacts of global competition, the rapid rate of information exchange, the rise of community awareness, this is the crucial moment which holds the key to the long term transformation of Kaohsiung city¡¦s future improvement. However, one main element that decides the competitiveness of a city is the city¡¦s land use and zoning regulation system. Therefore, the government with reference to social background, economic conditions, land policies, and national development¡Ketc, sets the best suited land use and regulation system for guidance. This study uses conjoint analysis to review the policies of Kaohsiung city¡¦s land use and zoning regulation system, and by calculating the total preference values of all the alternatives to pick out the best suited option, by translating the attributes into different policy options, and reviewing them through conjoint analysis by questionnaires answered by scholars and workers in related fields, with consideration of two criteria, ¡§the degree of difficulty for legislating or amending laws¡¨ and ¡¨ government administrative efficiency¡¨, to determine urban development issues and be the basis for government agencies to make future policy judgments. According to the result of conjoint analysis, the best option is: 1. the legislating of ¡§Kaohsiung land use and zoning regulation rules¡¨; 2.the zoning districts should be made in the form of a positive list, only the districts listed are allowed; 3. amend ¡§Urban Planning Commission¡¨ to ¡§City plan commission¡¨ and ¡§Zoning commission¡¨; 4. the new establishment of ¡§Board of Adjustments¡¨ as a public channel for complaints. In addition to providing policy recommendations, this study wishes not only to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of land use in Kaohsiung, and also make conjoint analysis more applied on policy analysis.

No description available.

Today, many privacy abuses can be traced to the lack of organization policies governing the conduct of the personnel who are in charge of managing the information systems. IT professionals, who are the most important gatekeepers to the information privacy practices, have the oversight responsibility for information privacy since they have the most extensive knowledge of their organization¡¦s systems and data. In this research, we have studied the impact of managerial policies concerning ethical codes and rewards/penalty perception on IS professionals¡¦ self-regulation capacity against privacy abuses. Specificially, based upon the Moment-of-Truth model and paradigm of self-regulation, we investigated how IS professionals¡¦ ethical judgment, subjective norm, privacy self-efficacy and intention may reciprocally interact with their business environment that was characterized by its use of ethical codes and the rewards/penalty system. We first proposed an ethical dicision model based on the paradigm of self-regulation and validated the appropriateness of this model for studying information privacy. We then demonstrated how the perception of the rewards/penalty may impact the ethical judgment, subjective norm, privacy self-efficay, and ethical intention. We discovered that the rewards/penalty perception had a moderating effect on the relationship between ethical judgment and intention, and that the ethical codes had the moderating effect on the relationship between privacy self-efficacy and intention.

Agents in financial markets must learn about underlying variables and hence find some patterns of parameter. Learning schemes across agents may be different since agents¡¦ learning procedure depends on their computational technique and their beliefs. This dissertation outlines how agents learn from the actions of others or observe relative information when making trading decisions. If prior or signal follow a normal distribution, the law of standard Gaussian updating can be applied to represent the process of learning by agents. Accordingly, this dissertation use learning and global game technique to solve for the condition of equilibrium, to discuss the problem of eliminating multiplicity and to analyze three topics as follow. First, how transparency in financial market influences equilibrium condition, ad hoc multiplicity, is rarely to explore. The first part of this dissertation focuses on the market-clearing condition, based on a noisy rational expectations equilibrium and using the global game technique with learning to proposes a policy effect and the variant of equilibrium in financial market. The after which conclusions can be drawn if transparent policy in financial market is implemented. First, all else equal, regardless of the precision of private signals of uninformed traders, financial market transparency cannot prevent from the vanishing of multiplicity under exogenous dividend return. Next, when dividend return is endogenous, the unique equilibrium condition is partly determined by the precision of private signals from uninformed traders rather than perfectly by a policy of market transparency. Second, politicians and some scholars have advocated that emerging market countries avoid financial instability and reduce multiplicity by restricting capital mobility. Moreover, in the highly sensitized financial markets, information released by the authority is often seen so as to reply rapidly market variety and to correct and remove irrational expectations. The secondary direction of this dissertation employs direct capital mobility controls and informational releases to discuss and compare the variant of equilibrium. A notable finding is that, although direct capital mobility controls and informational releases may successfully reduce capital outflows, direct restrictions on capital mobility are more likely to encourage speculative attack under optimistic signals and are thus more likely to cause multiple equilibriums, ceteris paribus. From a policy perspective, under a signal is optimistic, maintaining uniqueness is more likely when information release is aggressive than when information release is passive or unrestricted on capital mobility, ceteris paribus. Finally, recent studies about price or crises focus on the different directions or targets of learning. However, the problems that learning may generate endogenous feedback and endogenous coordination incentive and affect market performance are rarely discussed. Hence, the third topic of this dissertation will spotlight learning about aggregating information and observation of market and explain the effect of either coordination incentive or feedback on excess volatility. As a result, feedback effects may result from coordination incentives among agents and more coordination incentives among agents increases the feedback effect. Next, when financial markets are highly liquid or when financial shocks are severe, coordination incentives among agents decline. Excess asset price volatility decreases with either feedback effects or coordination incentives.

The advancement of scientific technology and fast economic growth has resulted in the improvement of better living life, especially the island country like Taiwan. It has the embracement of ocean resources and long coastal around island. Thus, people are looking for the quality of leisure life on the island such as sailing for sport, touring and leisure business. This type of leisure tourism is becoming the major trend in cope with the global boating industry. Taiwan started to manufacturing sailboat began in 1980 and has become one of the important sailboat manufacturing countries in the world. Nevertheless, the sailboat use for domestic sport or leisure has been ignored by the government and people due to the discouragement of restrict maritime law enforcement and marine safety upon the coastal water. The lack of clear regulation for embarking the sailboat and ports for the leasing sailboat is another detrimental problem associated with the domestic sailing activities. The lack of integrated law and institution policy has stalled the development of domestic sailing business and activities. The government has imposed the sailboat use under the regulation of touring boat and leisure fishing sport that has resulted in difficulties on providing the leasing place for domestic sailing activities. The present study was initiated to identify the improper regulation, acts and policy introduced by the government and to assess the proper domestic use of sailboat at the coastal fishing port. This is urgent needed especially at the faded and unused fishing ports due to the depletion of near shore fishery resources. The later is considered a major concern in order to finding a measure for retrieving the downward economy at many fishing villages. The research consist of the law, regulations and policy employed by Japan, Hong-Kong, Singapore, Canada, United States, New Zealand and Australia on their conduct regarding the management of sailboat activities and registration. The survey results provides the necessary reference with regard to enforcement law, strategy, policy, institution and integrated management for sailboat activities.

<p>Regulation of web bots is an analysis of the interest and a collection of discussions about the phenomena web bots. The section that contains the result from the interviews brings up the question about ethical and legal actions and the opposite to those. How the regulation could work is also discussed in the section with the results from the interviews. The discussions were produced by people whose background in one case or another can relate to the phenomena web bots. In that way this study was limited to few, but more profound interviews which would enable analyses of web bots existence. Sources that have been used are earlier research like scientific theses, articles from web places and books that brings up and discuss the technique. The result shows us that the interest of regulation exist with the persons who got interviewed. The view on the phenomena has been that web bots are considered to be tools in an information society. One form of regulation which is pointed out in the result section is informed consent. It implies that users will be informed and give their consent on whether they want to interact with web bots on the specific site the user visits.</p>