The aim of this research was to develop guidelines for after-care services for rehabilitated alcoholics, in order to render a more effective support service towards the rehabilitated alcoholic on his way to full recovery. The necessity of the research project originated on account of a lack of knowledge among social workers on the need of the rehabilitated alcoholic towards after-care service and the specific nature that after-care services have to contain. A literature overview of after-care services was given to the alcoholic, as a background for the empirical study of the project. The literature study showed that after-care services as an integral part of the total rehabilitation of the alcoholic is conceptualized. Further out of the literature came to light that social workers have a resistance against the delivering of after-care services and that they experience feelings of discourage regarding the alcoholic. The empirical study confirmed that social workers experience resistance against giving after-care services to rehabilitated alcoholics. Further they don't consider this as part of their task and they give a low priority towards the rendering of after-care services. In spite of this, the necessity of after-care services is being realized by the social workers. Alcoholics who are standing on the point of being discharged from the rehabilitation center have a need for after-care services to help them adapt in the community. They especially have a need for individual contact with a professional person and do not want to be part of only a self-help group. Among the alcoholics who are already functioning in the community after treatment, the particular need of the female alcoholic came forward. This group feels that their family and spouse do not truly have an idea of their needs. Further there was a need among the rehabilitated alcoholics to know who will be responsible for their after-care services. This group would have wanted to be prepared on possible risky situations and ways of handling these situations. The research showed that there is a shortcoming in the practice concerning the rendering of aftercare service. Guidelines were formulated from which more effective after-care services could be given to rehabilitated alcoholics. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

The aim of this research was to develop guidelines for after-care services for rehabilitated alcoholics, in order to render a more effective support service towards the rehabilitated alcoholic on his way to full recovery. The necessity of the research project originated on account of a lack of knowledge among social workers on the need of the rehabilitated alcoholic towards after-care service and the specific nature that after-care services have to contain. A literature overview of after-care services was given to the alcoholic, as a background for the empirical study of the project. The literature study showed that after-care services as an integral part of the total rehabilitation of the alcoholic is conceptualized. Further out of the literature came to light that social workers have a resistance against the delivering of after-care services and that they experience feelings of discourage regarding the alcoholic. The empirical study confirmed that social workers experience resistance against giving after-care services to rehabilitated alcoholics. Further they don't consider this as part of their task and they give a low priority towards the rendering of after-care services. In spite of this, the necessity of after-care services is being realized by the social workers. Alcoholics who are standing on the point of being discharged from the rehabilitation center have a need for after-care services to help them adapt in the community. They especially have a need for individual contact with a professional person and do not want to be part of only a self-help group. Among the alcoholics who are already functioning in the community after treatment, the particular need of the female alcoholic came forward. This group feels that their family and spouse do not truly have an idea of their needs. Further there was a need among the rehabilitated alcoholics to know who will be responsible for their after-care services. This group would have wanted to be prepared on possible risky situations and ways of handling these situations. The research showed that there is a shortcoming in the practice concerning the rendering of aftercare service. Guidelines were formulated from which more effective after-care services could be given to rehabilitated alcoholics. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

Culverts are rehabilitated using a variety of techniques; the approach studied in this report focuses on the use of slip liners. Slip lining refers to installing a liner pipe inside a host pipe to extend its useful life. Slip lining reduces the diameter of the culvert; however, when a smooth-walled liner [e.g., high-density polyethylene (HDPE)] is installed in a profiled-wall pipe (e.g., corrugated metal pipe), the reduction in hydraulic roughness helps to compensate for the reduction in flow area, minimizing any reduction in discharge capacity. In some cases, the discharge capacity may increase. A smaller diameter liner, made of smoother material, will likely produce larger pipe flow velocities relative to the host culvert. High velocities can potentially create a barrier for fish passage, discouraging their use in areas sensitive to fish passage. The objective of this research was to find ways to implement slip liners and still accommodate fish passage. A 60-ft long, 2-ft diameter, baffled slip liner was tested at seven slopes (0-3.5%) and at three flow rates per slope (1-4.6 cfs). For comparison purposes, tests were also conducted on a smooth-walled (non-baffled) liner. Baffles were found to greatly increase the potential for low-flow fish passage, allowing passage up to slopes of 3.5%. Conversely, the smooth-walled liner prohibited passage beyond a 1.0% slope. The potential drawback to using baffles in a slip-lined culvert is the reduction in culvert flow capacity. Compared to the smooth-walled liner, the baffled culvert reduced the flow capacity of the culvert by about 74% at pressurized, full pipe flow. Finally, velocity was measured with an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) in the baffled culvert and turbulence values were calculated using four different methods. The Energy Dissipation Factor, or EDF, values had a close relationship with percent fish passing and if more testing is done, it could be used as a scaling factor to transfer fish passage data to other sized culverts. The results of this study, suggest that baffled slip-lined culverts can aid fish passage and are useful for culvert rehabilitation as long as the culvert can still maintain appropriate flow capacity.

La présente thèse interroge la relation entre le lieu et l'individu. Plus particulièrement, elle porte sur l'étude des réactions émotionnelles, cognitives et comportementales du client dans un espace de réhabilitation selon son niveau d'acculturation. Il s'agit des clients issus de deux cultures différentes (syrienne et française) et de leur perception d'un espace de service fortement marqué culturellement (une ancienne maison à cour réhabilitée en restaurant). L'objectif de cette thèse est de démontrer le rôle qu'exerce l'acculturation dans le processus d'influence des éléments de l'environnement physique de service sur les réponses du client. Le modèle conceptuel élaboré met en exergue les liens de causalité entre l'environnement physique perçu, les états émotionnels, la qualité de service perçue et les intentions comportementales. Il mobilise également le concept d'acculturation pour vérifier son rôle dans le processus de perception de l'espace de service. A cette fin, deux études (qualitative et quantitative) ont été menées auprès de clients des restaurants de la vieille ville de Damas en Syrie. Les résultats ont permis de retirer trois enseignements. (1) Les principaux facteurs de l'environnement physique de service perçus par le client sont l'ambiance, le design et les facteurs sociaux ; (2) Le niveau d'acculturation du client modère les effets des éléments de l'espace de service sur l'évaluation de la qualité de l'offre et sur l'intention de fidélité ; (3) La perception de l'environnement physique de service peut être influencée par certaines variables individuelles de nature sociodémographique / This research aims to investigate the relationship that exists between individuals and their surroundings. Specifically, we study cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses of clients to elaborate on the causal relations that exist between perceived physical environment, individuals' emotional states, perceived service quality and behavioral intentions. In addition, we also integrate the concept of acculturation to understand how an individual's richness of exposure to local culture influences his/her perception vis-à-vis the service facility with substantial cultural relevance. To explore these concepts, we study this phenomenon across two different cultures (Syrian and French) for restaurants that are set up at locations holding significant cultural value (i.e. old courtyards rehabilitated as restaurants). Two different studies (qualitative and quantitative) were conducted with the clients of restaurants in the old city of Damascus, Syria. Results lead to three principles findings: (1) Principles factors that influence client's perception of physical characteristics of a service setting are ambiance, design and social factors; (2) The acculturation level of a client moderates the relationships between physical characteristics of an environment and client evaluations of the service and his/her loyalty intentions; and (3) perception of the physical characteristics of a service environment is influenced by certain socio- demographic variables of an individual.