Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Marcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque.pdf: 3644144 bytes, checksum: 2725d61a91e99c339ad0026f5c8c14e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work had as purposes to identify the metazoan parasite species of two species of foraging fishes from the Tr?s Marias Reservoir and to describe the structure of the component parasite community, besides describe the dynamic of the parasite infracommunities and their interspecific relations. A total of 146 fishes (Characiformes, Characidae) were collected in the Tr?s Marias Reservoir (18?12'59"S, 45?17'34"W), Upper S?o Francisco River, State of Minas Gerais, in July 2007 and January 2008. Of these total, 83 specimens were of Triportheus guentheri (Garman, 1890) (Triportheinae) and 63 of Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix e Agassiz, 1829 (Tetragonopterinae). At least 24 taxa of parasites were found among the two species of fishes analyzed: Digenea: Creptotrema creptotrema Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928; Monogenea: Amphithecium sp., Ancistrohaptor sp., Jainus sp., Anacanthorus sp.1, Anacanthorus sp.2 and one unidentified species of Gyrodactylidae; Eucestoda: an unidentified plerocercoid of Proteocephalidae; Nematoda: two species of adult specimens Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscencis (Moreira, Oliveira & Costa, 1994) and Spinitectus rodolphiheringi Vaz & Pereira, 1934; seven species of larval specimens Cystidicoloides fischeri (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928), Rhabdochona sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Contracaecum sp., Spiroxys sp., Goezia sp. e Procamallanus sp.; Copepoda: two unidentified species of Ergasilidae (sp.1 and sp.2); one unidentified specie of Isopoda; Myxozoa: Henneguya sp.; Protozoa: two unidentified species [one ectoparasite (sp.1) and one endoparasite (sp.2)] and Calyptospora sp.. Twelve species were common in the two parasite fauna analyzed: the unidentified plerocercoid, C. fischeri, Rhabdochona sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Contracaecum sp., Spiroxys sp., Goezia sp., Procamallanus sp., Henneguya sp., ectoparasite protozoan (sp.1), endoparasite protozoan (sp.2) and Calyptospora sp.. The parasite species more prevalent and considered core species were from T. guentheri only Anacanthorus sp.1; and from T. chalceus: Amphithecium sp., Ancistrohaptor sp. and P. saofranciscencis. Tetragonopterus chalceus presented parasite fauna richer than T. guentheri, however the parasite fauna of the T. guentheri was most diverse than T. chalceus. There was endoparasitic qualitative similarity between the hosts. The structure of the metazoan parasite fauna of T. guentheri and T. chalceus was similar, due of few core species, limited number of secondary species and the presence of numerous satellite species. There was high number of significant interspecific associations among the parasite species. / Este trabalho teve como objetivos identificar as esp?cies de parasitos metazo?rios de duas esp?cies de peixes forrageiros do Reservat?rio de Tr?s Marias, descrever a estrutura das comunidades parasit?rias componentes e descrever a din?mica das infracomunidades parasit?rias e seus relacionamentos interespec?ficos. Um total de 146 peixes (Characiformes, Characidae) foram coletados no Reservat?rio de Tr?s Marias (18?12'59"S, 45?17'34"W), Alto Rio S?o Francisco, Estado de Minas Gerais, em julho de 2007 e janeiro de 2008. Desse total, 83 esp?cimes eram de Triportheus guentheri (Garman, 1890) (Triportheinae) e 63 de Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix e Agassiz, 1829 (Tetragonopterinae). Pelo menos 24 esp?cies de parasitos foram encontradas nas duas comunidades componentes. Em Digenea: Creptotrema creptotrema Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928; em Monogenea: Amphithecium sp., Ancistrohaptor sp., Jainus sp., Anacanthorus sp.1, Anacanthorus sp.2 e uma esp?cie n?o identificada alocada em Gyrodactylidae; em Eucestoda: plerocerc?ides n?o identificados de Proteocephalidae; em Nematoda: esp?cies cujos esp?cimes eram adultos, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscencis (Moreira, Oliveira & Costa, 1994) e Spinitectus rodolphiheringi Vaz & Pereira, 1934; esp?cies cujos esp?cimes eram larvais, Cystidicoloides fischeri (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928), Rhabdochona sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Contracaecum sp., Spiroxys sp., Goezia sp. e Procamallanus sp.; em Copepoda: duas esp?cies n?o identificadas alocadas em Ergasilidae (sp.1 e sp.2); uma esp?cie n?o identificada de Isopoda; Myxozoa: Henneguya sp.; Protozoa: duas esp?cies n?o identificadas [uma de ectoparasito (sp.1) e uma de endoparasito (sp.2)] e Calyptospora sp.. Doze esp?cies foram comuns aos dois hospedeiros: plerocerc?ides n?o identificados, C. fischeri, Rhabdochona sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Contracaecum sp., Spiroxys sp., Goezia sp., Procamallanus sp., Henneguya sp., protozo?rio ectoparasito (sp.1), protozo?rio endoparasito (sp.2) e Calyptospora sp.. As esp?cies mais prevalentes e consideradas centrais nas comunidades foram: em T. guentheri apenas Anacanthorus sp.1; em T. chalceus, Amphithecium sp., Ancistrohaptor sp. e P. saofranciscencis. Tetragonopterus chalceus apresentou fauna parasit?ria mais rica, por?m a fauna de parasitos de T. guentheri foi mais diversa. Houve similaridade qualitativa de endoparasitos entre os hospedeiros. A estrutura das comunidades parasit?rias de T. guentheri e T. chalceus foi semelhante, pela baixa ocorr?ncia de esp?cies centrais, pelo n?mero limitado de esp?cies secund?rias e pela presen?a de v?rias esp?cies sat?lites. Houve muitas associa??es interespec?ficas significativas entre as esp?cies de parasitos.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-03-27T18:34:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Fl?via Guerra Vieira de Menezes.pdf: 5858835 bytes, checksum: 4d6199e1cbd8ddce6884aa2b408fe0e5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-27T18:34:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Fl?via Guerra Vieira de Menezes.pdf: 5858835 bytes, checksum: 4d6199e1cbd8ddce6884aa2b408fe0e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22 / CNPq / This study aimed to identify the species that compose the endoparasite fauna of Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) from the upper S?o Francisco river to downstream of the dam of Tr?s Marias, Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as record the parasitic parameters (prevalence, severity and abundance) and sites of infection for each helminths species A. fasciatus. Besides providing morphological and morphometric data of helminths species, the study also sought to identify possible correlations between parameters and parasitic total length, body weight and sex of the hosts still investigating ecological interactions of them based on the interpretation of possible cycles of biological endohelminth. A total of 74 specimens of A. fasciatus was collected in the upper S?o Francisco river to downstream of the dam of Tr?s Marias, Tr?s Marias municipality, state of Minas Gerais (18?12'32''S, 45?15'41''W), in the month of January 2011 and 2012. Fourteen species of parasites were found in A. fasciatus, being distributed in taxa Eucestoda (one specie), Nematoda (12 species) and Acanthocephala (one specie). They are: metacestodes, Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Goezia sp., Brevimulticaecum sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscencis (Moreira Oliveira e Costa, 1994), Cystidicoloides sp., Spinitectus rodolphiheringi Vaz & Pereira, 1934, Rhabdochona sp., Spiroxys sp., Eustrongylides sp. and Neoechinorhynchus pimelodi Brazil-Sato & Pavanelli, 1998. The helminths fauna of A. fasciatus characterized mainly by larvae Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Spiroxys sp. and larvae and adults of P. saofranciscencis beyond metacestodes. It appears that this fish mainly acts as an intermediate host larvae of an unidentified species of cestode and nematode larvae, your diet has been the factor responsible for this. Astyanax fasciatus further assists in transmitting species such Rhabdochona sp. for carnivorous fish and also acts as a definitive host for P. saofranciscencis occupying so different trophic levels. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as esp?cies que comp?em a fauna endoparasit?ria de Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) do alto rio S?o Francisco ? jusante da barragem de Tr?s Marias, Minas Gerais, Brasil, bem como registrar os par?metros parasit?rios (preval?ncia, intensidade e abund?ncia) e os s?tios de infec??o de cada esp?cie de helminto de A. fasciatus. Al?m de prover os dados morfom?tricos e morfol?gicos das esp?cies de helmintos, o trabalho tamb?m procurou identificar poss?veis correla??es entre os par?metros parasit?rios e o comprimento total, o peso corporal e o sexo dos hospedeiros e investigar intera??es ecol?gicas dos mesmos baseando-se na interpreta??o de poss?veis ciclos biol?gicos dos endohelmintos. Um total de 74 esp?cimes de A. fasciatus foi coletado no alto rio S?o Francisco ? jusante da barragem de Tr?s Marias, munic?pio de Tr?s Marias, estado de Minas Gerais (18?12?32??S, 45?15?41??W), no m?s de janeiro de 2011 e 2012. Quatorze esp?cies de parasitos foram encontradas em A. fasciatus, sendo distribu?das nos t?xons Eucestoda (uma esp?cie), Nematoda (12 esp?cies) e Acanthocephala (uma esp?cie): metacest?ides, Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Goezia sp., Brevimulticaecum sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscencis (Moreira, Oliveira e Costa, 1994), Cystidicoloides sp., Spinitectus rodolphiheringi Vaz & Pereira, 1934, Rhabdochona sp., Spiroxys sp., Eustrongylides sp. e Neoechinorhynchus pimelodi Brasil-Sato & Pavanelli, 1998. A fauna de helmintos de A. fasciatus caracterizou-se principalmente por larvas de Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Spiroxys sp. e larvas e adultos de P. saofranciscencis al?m dos metacest?ides. Verificou-se que A. fasciatus atua principalmente como hospedeiro intermedi?rio de larvas de uma esp?cie n?o identificada de cest?ide e de larvas de nemat?ides, tendo sido a sua dieta o fator respons?vel por isto; auxilia na transmiss?o de esp?cies como Rhabdochona sp. para peixes carn?voros e atua tamb?m como hospedeiro definitivo para P. saofranciscencis, ocupando assim, n?veis tr?ficos distintos.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-04T20:03:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Cl?udia da Silveira de S?o Sabas.pdf: 2854723 bytes, checksum: 72c0b891175db64f709341d091e509e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T20:03:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Cl?udia da Silveira de S?o Sabas.pdf: 2854723 bytes, checksum: 72c0b891175db64f709341d091e509e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / CAPES / CNPq / Specimens of Conorhynchos conirostris (Valenciennes, 1840), Duopalatinus emarginatus (Valenciennes, 1840), Pimelodus pohli Ribeiro & Lucena, 2006 and Cephalosilurus fowleri (Haseman, 1911) endemic fishes the river S?o Francisco, were collected from the upper S?o Francisco River, Minas Gerais, downstream from the Tr?s Marias Dam (18 ? 12'32'' S and 45 ? 15'41''W), from April 2008 to January , 2012. Twenty three species of parasites were found: Demidospermus uncusvalidus, Scleroductus sp., Pavanelliella pavanellii, metacercariae Austrodiplostomum compactum, Creptotrema creptorema, Crepidostomum platense, Iheringtrema iheringi, Karipharynx sp. Prosthenhystera obesa, metacestodes and plerocercodes of Proteocephalidea, Contracaecum sp. Cucullanus sp. Hysterothylacium sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp1., Procamallanus pimelodus larvae, adults of Cucullanus caballeroi, Cucullanus zungaro, Goezia brevicaeca, Procamallanus (S.) sp2., P. freitasi, Paracapillaria rhamdiae, Philometra sp. and Neoechinorhynchus pimelodi. The host sex did not influence parasite indexes. The total length and weight of the hosts had some influence on the parasite indexes. Parasite communities of C. conirostris, D. emarginatus, P. pohli and C. fowleri were characterized by a low number of central species and few significant interspecific associations. Austrodiplostomum compactum, Contracaecum sp. and N. pimelodi were common on parasite communities of four hosts studied. The parasitics communities of these siluriformes were analyzed in first time with the exception of C. conirostris. Iheringtrema iheringi, Kalipharynx sp., C. caballeroi, G. brevicaeca and P. rhamdiae constitute new records for the S?o Francisco River, expanding their geographic distributions and their host?s lists. / Esp?cimes de Conorhynchos conirostris (Valenciennes, 1840), Duopalatinus emarginatus (Valenciennes, 1840), Pimelodus pohli Ribeiro & Lucena, 2006 e Cephalosilurus fowleri Haseman, 1911, peixes end?micos do rio S?o Francisco, foram coletados da regi?o do alto rio S?o Francisco, Minas Gerais, ? jusante da barragem de Tr?s Marias (18?12?32??S e 45?15?41??W), no per?odo de abril de 2008 a janeiro de 2012. Foram encontradas 23 esp?cies de parasitos: Demidospermus uncusvalidus, Scleroductus sp., Pavanelliella pavanellii, metacerc?rias de Austrodiplostomum compactum, Creptotrema creptorema, Crepidostomum platense, Iheringtrema iheringi, Karipharynx sp. Prosthenhystera obesa, metacest?ides e plerocerc?ides de Proteocephalidea, larvas de Contracaecum sp. Cucullanus sp. Hysterothylacium sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp1., Procamallanus pimelodus, adultos de Cucullanus caballeroi, Cucullanus zungaro, Goezia brevicaeca, Procamallanus (S.) sp2., P. freitasi, Paracapillaria rhamdiae, Philometra sp. e Neoechinorhynchus pimelodi. O sexo dos hospedeiros n?o influenciou os ?ndices parasit?rios. O comprimento e o peso dos hospedeiros tiveram influ?ncia sobre os ?ndices parasit?rios. As comunidades parasit?rias de C. conirostris, D. emarginatus, P. pohli e C. fowleri foram caracterizadas pelo baixo n?mero de esp?cies centrais e poucas associa??es interespec?ficas significativas. Austrodiplostomum compactum, Contracaecum sp. e N. pimelodi foram comuns ?s comunidades parasit?rias dos quatro hospedeiros estudados. ? a primeira vez que as comunidades parasit?rias desses siluriformes s?o analisadas com exce??o de C. conirostris. Iheringtrema iheringi, Kalipharynx sp., C. caballeroi, G. brevicaeca e P. rhamdiae constituem-se novos registros para o rio S?o Francisco, ampliando suas distribui??es geogr?ficas.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T22:42:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoNevesRochaDeBrito_DISSERT.pdf: 3823727 bytes, checksum: f0f7dfbfe8e756a31e2b0ac70450ae3f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-11T19:27:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoNevesRochaDeBrito_DISSERT.pdf: 3823727 bytes, checksum: f0f7dfbfe8e756a31e2b0ac70450ae3f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T19:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoNevesRochaDeBrito_DISSERT.pdf: 3823727 bytes, checksum: f0f7dfbfe8e756a31e2b0ac70450ae3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-15 / Esta disserta??o parte de uma etnografia de atividades cient?ficas na transposi??o do Rio S?o Francisco. Para tanto, baseia-se em desdobramentos te?rico-metodol?gicos advindos Teoria Ator-Rede de Bruno Latour; perspectiva engajada no entendimento e problematiza??o da Ci?ncia, Estado e ag?ncias n?o-humanas. Os dados apresentados num primeiro momento s?o produtos de an?lise de documentos de governo, processos jur?dicos, relat?rios t?cnicos e etc., para fins de compreens?o dos lugares que as controv?rsias cient?ficas ocupam junto dos conflitos jur?dico-normativos que outorgam as obras da transposi??o. No segundo momento, s?o dados constru?dos por trabalho de campo junto dos cientistas que resgatam e monitoram as plantas da caatinga degradada pela transposi??o. J? que a imers?o nos documentos possibilita acompanhar uma rede sociot?cnica onde ci?ncia ? historicamente vinculada ? pol?tica por responderem objetivamente a uma demanda desenvolvimentista, o trabalho de campo mostra as pr?ticas que possibilitam ver como a ci?ncia ? uma ?pol?tica em a??o?. Estas duas posturas metodol?gicas s?o necess?rias para compreender que tipo de conhecimentos, agentes, discursos e ideais s?o mobilizados a fim de que as plantas da caatinga dialoguem com as pol?ticas estatais e legitimem, assim, uma interven??o que muda parte do curso das ?guas do maior rio brasileiro. A ideia ? mostrar, portanto, como a produ??o cient?fica inscreve a caatinga sob aspectos reconhec?veis pelo Estado e como acompanhar essa inscri??o permite clarear uma forma espec?fica de ?gest?o da natureza?. / This dissertation originates from an ethnography of scientific activities at the S?o Francisco River transposition. Therefore, it is based on the theoretical-methodological processes coming from Bruno Latour?s Actor-Network Theory; a perspective engaged in the understanding and problematization of Science, State and non-human agencies. The data presented at first, is a product of the analysis of government documents, legal processes, technical reports and etc., in order to comprehend the places in which scientific controversies stand together with legal-normative conflicts that grant resources to the transposition. In a second moment, the data was built by fieldwork together with the scientists that rescue and monitor the caatinga plants degraded by the transposition. Since the immersion at documents enables the following of a socio-technical network in which science is historically linked to politics by answering directly to a developmental demand, the fieldwork shows the practices that make possible to see how science is a ?policy in action?. Both of these methodological approaches are necessary to understand what kinds of knowledges, agents, discourses and ideals are mobilized in order for the caatinga plants to dialogue with state policies and legitimize, thus, an intervention that changes a portion of the flow of the waters of the biggest Brazilian river. Therefore, the idea is to show how scientific production registers the caatinga under recognizable aspects by the State and how following such register allows to clarify a very specific form of ?nature management?

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdelinaAVLB_DISSERT.pdf: 1826575 bytes, checksum: 6c7f4ef8f5da9ac0cb1e4acfe6715ffd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-17 / Universidade Tiradentes / The study is a survey conducted for the Master of Social Sciences carried out in partnership between the Universidade Tiradentes-UNIT/SE and the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Being a religious event, we seek to show that the religious parties generally have particular meanings for each nation or region. Amaral (1998) informs that the Brazilian parties regardless of where they occur are popular demonstrations that, as the context in which they present themselves, can dilute to crystallize, to celebrate, to ritualize or sacralize the particular social experience of the groups that do. They happen as a way to thank victories or important religious passages as Christmas, the June saints celebration, patron saints and patron saints considered. Thus, The Bom Jesus dos Navegantes party in Propri?-SE: story of faith, a space of social relations and cultural ties, is presented as our field of study because it is one of those celebrations that while celebrated in Sergipe, always on Sundays in January, by some municipalities situated along the river San Francisco, has the characteristic of overlap any others placed in town, including the one of the city's patron saint, Saint Anthony, held on June 13. Concerning the materials and methods, we opted for qualitative research and participant direct observation, using the techniques of personal notes, interviews, newspapers, websites, photos, videos and testimonials from participants and organizers, as well as references offered by experts of the area. With this research answers were sought to questions about what could keep alive the celebration of Bom Jesus dos Navegantes each year in order that this is a patron saint, not saint; the way as the investment of local government with more resources in this period, during the organization of arts festivals, has created a thread of tension with the Catholic Church promoting the religious rituals was reviewed. It was also analyzed how the sacred and profane spaces present themselves inseparable from the celebration and, finally, it was revealed that the party retains its value by preserving its tradition and making room for modernity, not weakening but suffering metamorphoses of time and space and can be seen in the social and cultural bonds wrapped by the time of religious faith / O estudo trata de uma pesquisa realizada para o mestrado em Ci?ncias Sociais em conv?nio entre a Universidade Tiradentes-UNIT/SE e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Por ser um acontecimento religioso, buscou-se mostrar que as festas religiosas de modo geral t?m significados particulares para cada povo ou regi?o. As festas brasileiras independente de onde aconte?am, como informa Amaral (1998), s?o manifesta??es populares que, conforme o contexto em que se apresentam, podem diluir, cristalizar, celebrar, ritualizar ou sacralizar a experi?ncia social particular dos grupos que a realizam. Elas acontecem como forma de agradecer vit?rias alcan?adas ou passagens religiosas importantes como o Natal, celebra??o aos santos juninos, santos padroeiros e os considerados santos protetores. Assim, A festa do Bom Jesus dos Navegantes em Propri?-SE: hist?ria de f?, espa?o das rela??es sociais e la?os culturais se apresenta como campo de estudo dessa disserta??o por tratar-se de um desses festejos que, embora comemorado por alguns munic?pios sergipanos situados ?s margens do rio S?o Francisco, sempre nos domingos de janeiro, tem a caracter?stica de se sobrepor a todas as outras festas realizadas na cidade, inclusive ?s do santo padroeiro de Propri?, Santo Ant?nio, realizada no dia 13 de junho. Enquanto material e m?todos, optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa/participante, fazendo uso das t?cnicas de observa??o direta, entrevistas, publica??es de jornais, sites, fotos, v?deos e depoimentos de organizadores e participantes, al?m de refer?ncias bibliogr?ficas de estudiosos da ?rea. Com esta pesquisa buscaram-se respostas para questionamentos sobre o que poderia manter viva a realiza??o do festejo de Bom Jesus dos Navegantes a cada ano, tendo em vista tratar-se de um santo protetor e n?o padroeiro; avaliou-se como o investimento do poder local na organiza??o dos festejos art?sticos vem criando um fio de tens?o com a Igreja Cat?lica, promotora dos rituais religiosos. Al?m disso, analisou-se como os espa?os sagrados e profanos se apresentam indissoci?veis ao festejo e, por fim, constatou-se que a festa preserva o seu valor ao conservar sua tradi??o e ao abrir espa?o para a modernidade, n?o se enfraquecendo, mas sofrendo metamorfoses do tempo e do espa?o, podendo ser percebida nas rela??es sociais e la?os culturais envoltos pelo momento de f? religiosa

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T22:29:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaMolLanna_DISSERT.pdf: 2377354 bytes, checksum: 0fe56f07a87578273cda933a22b3a564 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-08T22:58:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaMolLanna_DISSERT.pdf: 2377354 bytes, checksum: 0fe56f07a87578273cda933a22b3a564 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-08T22:58:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaMolLanna_DISSERT.pdf: 2377354 bytes, checksum: 0fe56f07a87578273cda933a22b3a564 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Quais os processos e mecanismos respons?veis pela diversifica??o das esp?cies? Essa ? uma quest?o antiga que tem sido revolucionada com o avan?o tecnol?gico, computacional e metodol?gico, e tem sido agora compreendida de uma forma que antes n?o era poss?vel. A filogeografia ? uma multidisciplina que utiliza ferramentas derivadas da biogeografia, filogenia molecular e gen?tica de popula??es para entender o contexto da distribui??o dos genes no tempo e espa?o. O presente estudo utiliza an?lises filogen?ticas e filogeogr?ficas para inferir os processos determinantes na diversifica??o de lagartos do g?nero Lygodactylus nas Florestas Tropicais Sazonalmente Secas (FTSS) da Am?rica do Sul. No primeiro cap?tulo n?s investigamos as rela??es entre os Lygodactylus Sul Americanos, buscando entender a influ?ncia do Arco Pleistoc?nico em sua diversifica??o e se essas esp?cies representam um grupo monofil?tico. Atrav?s de an?lises filogen?ticas e de delimita??o de esp?cie, n?s recuperamos o monofiletismo do grupo quando comparado com as esp?cies Africanas e reconhecemos L. klugei como um complexo de esp?cies cr?pticas. N?s sugerimos o aumento de duas para cinco esp?cies de Lygodactylus na Am?rica do Sul. O tempo de diverg?ncia entre L. klugei e as esp?cies candidatas end?micas das FTSSs n?o foi congruente com a hip?tese do Arco Pleistoc?nico. Por?m, a fragmenta??o das FTSS pode ter influenciado na diverg?ncia de L. wetzeli e uma esp?cie candidata end?mica de um enclave de FTSS no Cerrado (S?o Domingos, regi?o do Vale do Paran?). No segundo cap?tulo investigamos a diversifica??o dentro da Caatinga, testando o papel do rio S?o Francisco (RSF) como barreira geogr?fica nesse bioma. Utilizamos um lagarto end?mico dessa regi?o (L. klugei) como modelo de estudo. N?s delimitamos as poss?veis linhagens, investigamos as rela??es filogen?ticas entre elas, a hist?ria de difus?o espa?otemporal e, para testar a hip?tese do rio (barreira para fluxo g?nico), n?s utilizamos uma an?lise de migra??o. N?s recuperamos duas linhagens estruturadas de acordo com o RSF: uma ao norte e outra ao sul do rio. A diverg?ncia dessas linhagens ocorreu ? 295 mil anos atr?s, congruente com a mudan?a do curso do RSF para seu atual curso. N?o encontramos influ?ncia do paleocurso do RSF na estrutura??o de L. klugei. / Which processes and mechanisms are responsible for species diversification? This old question has been revolutionized with technological, computational and methodological advancements, and is now being understood in a way that was previously not possible. Phylogeography is a multidiscipline that uses tools derived from biogeography, molecular phylogeny, and population genetics to understand the context of gene distribution in time and space. The present study uses phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses to infer determinant processes in the diversification of the lizard genus Lygodactylus in Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) in South America. In the first chapter we investigate the relationships among South American Lygodactylus species, seeking to understand the influence of the Pleistocenic Arc on its diversification and whether these species represent a monophyletic group. Through phylogenetics and species delimitation analyses we recovered the monophyly of the group in relation to African species and recognized L. klugei as a cryptic species complex. We suggest that Lygodactylus in South America actually comprises five species instead of two. The divergence time among L. klugei and candidate species endemic to SDTFs was not congruent with the Pleistocenic Arc Hypothesis. However, we suggest that the fragmentation of SDTFs likely influenced the divergence of L. wetzeli, and of a candidate species endemic to a SDTF enclave within the Cerrado biome (S?o Domingos, Vale do Paran? region). In the second chapter we investigate the diversification within the Caatinga, testing the role of the S?o Francisco River (SFR) as a prominent geographic barrier. We used a lizard endemic to this region (L. klugei) as study model. We delimited the existent lineages, investigated the genetic relationships between them, the spatio-temporal diffusion history, and used a migration analysis to test the riverine hypothesis (barrier to gene flow). We recovered two lineages structured in respect to the SFR: a northern and a southern one. Lineage divergence occurred 295 kya, congruent with the course change of the SFR to its current position. We found no influence of the paleo-SFR on L. klugei structure.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:49:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WaldirMBF_DISSERT.pdf: 3558667 bytes, checksum: 3035c50ccf49225a3c8264f6c395bf14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Understanding the historical and ecological relationships which are influent in current biological diversity is one of the most challenging tasks of evolutionary biology. Recent systematics emphasizes the need of integrative approaches to delimit different lineages and species. The northeastern Brazil, mostly placed in Caatinga biome, is characterized by a semi-arid weather, low precipitation and seasonal behavior of rivers. This region is regarded lacking as ichthyological knowledge and one of the most threatened by anthropic activities. Further, will be affected by a massive water diverpsion work that will transfer waters from S?o Francisco basin, to other major four basins: Jaguaribe, Apodi-Mossor?, Piranhas-A?u and Paraiba do Norte. Loss of diversity and richness, hibridizitation, community interactions changes, population homogenization, changes in water quality and flow regime, are examples of environmental impacts already related with similar works. The present study aims to investigate morphological and molecular variation of Cichlasoma orientale Kullander 1983 and Crenicichla menezesi Ploeg 1991, two cichlid species present in northeastern Brazil basins. Further, the study aims to evaluate the influence of geomorphological and climatic processes in this variation, and point some possible impacts of the artificial connectivity which can be brought by S?o Francisco interbasin water transfer to their population dynamics. Geometric morphometrics and phylogeographical analysis were used to investigate the populations from three different hydrological regions. Our results showed a significant morphological variation of populations from basins that are involved in the S?o Franscisco s diversion project, not related to an ancient separation between populations, emphasizing morphological variation which could represent a set of plastic responses to the variable hydrological regime in Northeastern Brazil. The role of plastical responses in naturally variable habitats as well as the potential disturbs that could be brought by the interbasin water transfer works are discussed here. Further, our molecular data allowed us to make inferences about species distribution and their taxonomy, and identification of a potential new species of Crenicichla for S?o Francisco river basin. Our data also allowed to identify some shared haplotypes for both species, which could be related to lineage sorting scenarios or recent gene flow between populations. However a strong structure in most of the pairwise comparisons between populations for both species was revealed. Climatic events such as Atlantic forest regression during the Pleistocene, sea level fluctuations and dispersion by paleorivers in the mouth of Apodi-Mossor? river, and neotectonic events regulating the connection between drainages are likely to have had a contribution for the actual lineages distribution in northeastern Brazil. Further, analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA and SAMOVA) showed that the actual basin s isolation is an important factor to molecular variation, in spite of the signal of recent contact between some basins. Different genetic diversity patterns between species could be related to multiple historic events of colonization, basins landscapes or biological differences. The present study represents the first effort of integrative systematics involving fish species of northeastern Brazil, and showed important morphological and molecular patterns which could be irrecoverably affected by the artificial connection that might be caused by the S?o Francisco interbasin water transfer / O Nordeste brasileiro, majoritariamente imerso no bioma Caatinga, se caracteriza pelo clima semi-?rido, baixa precipita??o e um regime de rios intermitentes. Quanto ao conhecimento ictiofaun?stico, a regi?o ? considerada uma das maiores lacunas mundiais, e uma das mais amea?adas pelas atividades antr?picas. Al?m disso, a regi?o est? passando por obras de transposi??o, que ligar? ?guas do rio S?o Francisco com quatro bacias da regi?o: Jaguaribe, Apodi-Mossor?, Piranhas-A?u e Para?ba do Norte. Perda de diversidade, hibridiza??o de esp?cies, altera??es de comunidade, homogeneiza??o de popula??es, altera??o de qualidade e regime de fluxo de ?gua, s?o impactos ambientais j? atribu?dos a empreendimentos similares. O presente estudo objetiva investigar a varia??o morfol?gica e molecular de Cichlasoma orientale Kullander 1983 e Crenicichla menezesi Ploeg 1991, duas esp?cies com ampla distribui??o ao longo das bacias do Nordeste brasileiro, atrav?s de m?todos de sistem?tica integrativa. Al?m disso, o estudo visa analisar a influ?ncia de fatores clim?ticos e geomorfol?gicos nesta varia??o, e apontar poss?veis impactos da conex?o artificial das bacias envolvidas na transposi??o do rio S?o Francisco. Para estes fins, foram utilizadas an?lises de morfometria geom?trica e filogeogr?ficas com indiv?duos de tr?s ecorregi?es hidrogr?ficas do Nordeste brasileiro. Nossos resultados mostraram que h? uma significativa varia??o morfol?gica nas bacias envolvidas na transposi??o do rio S?o Francisco, que n?o est? ligada ? uma separa??o ancestral das bacias, evidenciando uma varia??o morfol?gica que pode representar um conjunto de respostas pl?sticas ?s constantes transforma??es principalmente relacionadas ao regime h?drico da regi?o. O papel de respostas pl?sticas em ambientes naturalmente vari?veis, assim como o potencial impacto do dist?rbio no regime h?drico a ser trazido pela transposi??o do rio S?o Francisco, s?o discutidos. Al?m disso, nossos dados moleculares permitiram fornecer mais informa??es sobre a distribui??o das esp?cies e sua taxonomia, incluindo a identifica??o de uma potencial nova esp?cie de Crenicichla na bacia do rio S?o Francisco. Os dados tamb?m mostraram alguns hapl?tipos compartilhados para ambas as esp?cies, que podem representar cen?rios incompletos de separa??o de linhagens ou fluxo g?nico recente entre popula??es, por?m forte estrutura??o entre a maior parte das bacias. Eventos clim?ticos como a regress?o da Mata Atl?ntica durante o Pleistoceno, flutua??es do n?vel do mar e a dispers?o por paleorios na por??o estuarina das bacias que desaguam no litoral norte da regi?o nordeste, al?m de eventos neotect?nicos envolvendo captura de cabeceiras, parecem ter contribu?do para a atual distribui??o de linhagens destas esp?cies no Nordeste brasileiro. Al?m disso, an?lises de vari?ncia molecular (AMOVA e SAMOVA) evidenciaram que a atual conjuntura das bacias se mostrou um fator importante para a varia??o molecular, apesar da indica??o de compartilhamento recente entre algumas bacias. Diferen?as de padr?es de diversidade intrapopulacional entre as esp?cies podem estar relacionadas a m?ltiplos eventos hist?ricos de coloniza??o, ou ? diferen?as biol?gicas. O presente estudo representa o primeiro esfor?o de sistem?tica integrativa com esp?cies da ictiofauna continental do Nordeste brasileiro, e revelou varia??es morfol?gicas e moleculares entre drenagens isoladas que podem ser irrecuperavelmente afetadas com a conex?o artificial destas bacias a partir das obras de transposi??o do rio S?o Francisco

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-26T19:01:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Thais Dias Luz Borges Santos.pdf: 1934931 bytes, checksum: 28e3fad5670af91cb1f6d74c40b37345 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T19:01:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Thais Dias Luz Borges Santos.pdf: 1934931 bytes, checksum: 28e3fad5670af91cb1f6d74c40b37345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / CNPq / This dissertation wants to contribute with the knowledge related to the way of life in the Sert?o of Northern Minas Gerais, bathed by the S?o Francisco River. It specifically this place we call Sert?o, their economic and social characteristics, as well as the strategies of its residents to stay at this place despite the difficulties of playing their way of life. Addresses also the question of the relevance of social programs in this process, notably the Family Grant Program. Uses elements of analysis of Jo?o Guimar?es Rosa literature related to this Sert?o of Rio S?o Francisco and the case of the Rural Sagrada Fam?lia Subdivision comes up to exemplify what permanence strategies, economic, cultural ties with the place and as forms of social recognition of the individuals in your group. / Esta disserta??o de mestrado visa contribuir para o conhecimento relacionado ao modo de vida no Sert?o do Norte de Minas Gerais banhado pelo Rio S?o Francisco. Trata especificamente desse lugar a que denominamos Sert?o, suas caracter?sticas econ?micas, sociais e culturais, bem como as estrat?gias de perman?ncia e reprodu??o social de seus moradores nesse lugar-sert?o, apesar das dificuldades de reprodu??o de seu modo de vida. Aborda, igualmente, a quest?o da relev?ncia dos programas sociais nesse processo, notadamente, o Programa Bolsa Fam?lia. Recorre a elementos de an?lise da literatura de Jo?o Guimar?es Rosa relacionado a esse Sert?o do Rio S?o Francisco e o caso do Bairro Rural Sagrada Fam?lia vem ? tona para exemplificar quais as estrat?gias de perman?ncia, as quest?es econ?micas, os v?nculos culturais com o lugar, bem como as formas de reconhecimento social dos indiv?duos em seu grupo.