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The subject of this study is Henry II’s monastic patronage in England 1154-1189. Past studies have examined aspects of Henry II’s patronage but an in-depth survey of Henry’s support of the religious houses throughout his realm has never been completed. This study was therefore undertaken to address modern notions that Henry’s monastic patronage lacked obvious patterns and medieval notions that the motivations behind his patronage were vague. The thesis seeks to illustrate that Henry’s motivations for patronage may not have been driven by piety but rather influenced by a sense of duty and tradition. This hypothesis is supported by examining and analyzing both the chronology and nature of Henry’s patronage. This thesis has integrated three important sources to assess Henry’s patronage: chronicles, charters, and Pipe Rolls. The charters and Pipe Rolls have been organized into two fully searchable databases. The charters form the core of the data and allow for analysis of the recipients of the king’s patronage as well as the extent of his favour. The Pipe Rolls provide extensive evidence of many neglected aspects of Henry’s patronage, enhancing, and sometimes surpassing, the charter data. The sources have allowed an examination of Henry’s patronage through gifts of land and money rents, privileges, pardons and non-payment of debt, confirmations and intervention in disputes. The value, geography and chronology of this patronage is discussed throughout the thesis as well as the different religious orders that benefited and the influences Henry’s predecessors and family had upon the king. Quantitative analysis has been included where possible. Henry II was a steady patron throughout his reign and remained cautious with his favour. He maintained many of the benefactions of his predecessors but was not an enthusiastic founder of new monasteries in England. There is no sign that neither the killing of Thomas Becket, nor the approach of Henry’s own death, had a marked effect on his patronage.

Cette thèse porte sur la figure historique de la reine tamoule Cempiyaṉ-Mahādevī, épouse de Gaṇḍarāditya-Cōḻa (r. c. 949-57) et mère d'Uttama-Cōḻa (r. 971-87). Restée dans l'Histoire comme la plus formidable patronne de temples de l'Inde méridionale, elle est célébrée comme un modèle de dévotion à son dieu et à son époux. L'ensemble du savoir sur la souveraine se fondant sur la production épigraphique qui enregistra son activité sur les sites śivaïtes du pays tamoul durant une période estimée à six décennies, la présente recherche se concentre sur ces sources premières. Présentées de façon indifférenciée comme des « inscriptions de la reine », elles n'avaient jamais été rassemblées, ni intégralement éditées, en dépit de la réputation dont elles jouissent depuis leurs premiers signalements par l'agence de recensement archéologique de l'Inde britannique. La thèse établit le corpus des mentions épigraphiques de Cempiyaṉ-Mahādevī sur lequel s'appuyer pour mettre en évidence la part jouée par cette somme d'épigraphes dans l'écriture de l'histoire d'une reine Cōḻa dont l'élaboration se fit dans le contexte de l'émergence des histoires régionales au XXe siècle. À l'issue d'une analyse structurale de la titulature épigraphique de la patronne royale enregistrée au cours des trois phases identifiées au sein de son activité, l'on montre que cette titulature constitue la trame d'un itinéraire biographique reconstruit. En confrontant ces inscriptions aux interprétations reçues dans plus d'un siècle de publications, l'étude livre une illustration de la notion de « personnage épigraphique ». / This thesis examines the historical figure of the Tamil queen Cempiyaṉ-Mahādevī, the spouse of Gaṇḍarāditya-Cōḻa (r. c. 949-57) and mother of Uttama-Cōḻa (r. 971-87). This woman, who went down in history as Southern India’s greatest patron of temple-building, is celebrated as a model of devotion to both her god and her husband. Since current knowledge on the queen appears to be based entirely on the epigraphic production that recorded her activity at Śaiva sites in the Tamil country during an estimated six–decade period, this study focuses on these primary sources. Indiscriminately conceived of as “inscriptions of the queen,” they have never been gathered together, nor edited in their entirety, despite the renown they have acquired from the time they were first reported by the Archaeological Survey of British India. The thesis draws up the corpus of Cempiyaṉ-Mahādevī’s epigraphical mentions. This will serve as the basis for examining the role played by this body of epigraphs in the writing of the history of a Cōḻa queen in the context of the twentieth-century rise of regional histories. Following a structural analysis of the royal patron’s epigraphic titulature recorded over the three identified phases within her activity, it is shown that this titulature serves as a framework for a reconstructed biographical itinerary. By confronting these inscriptions with the interpretations they received over more than a century of publication, the study provides an illustration of the concept of an “epigraphic persona.”

Don Feliciano de Vega y Padilla (1580-1641) was one of the most distinguished members of the Peruvian colonial episcopate in the first half of the seventeenth century, and the only one who, after an outstanding ecclesiastical career, was appointed archbishop of Mexico. His passionate life, professional profile and intellectual production make Don Feliciano an interesting case study in order to understand the complex and tense dynamics of power linking Royal Patronage and the most important religious and political institutions in the city of Lima during the early colonial period. The study of Dr. Vega’s life and work also shedslight on the first generation of colonial intellectuals who debated the rights of Creole subjects. The works written by Bishop Vega constitute some of the first written expressions of the defense of prelacies and offices within the colonial Church, and the debate over the doctrine of Distributive Justice which was used to justify these claims. This article analyzes the relationship between Bishop Vega and the principal viceregal institutions: the university, the archbishopric, the cathedral chapter and the Royal Audience. Finally, it will analyze how Lima’s elite citizens, of which Vega was one, manipulated these institutions. / Don Feliciano de Vega y Padilla (1580-1641) fue acaso la personalidad más destacada y emblemática del episcopado virreinal peruano de la primera mitad del siglo XVII. Luego de una brillante carrera en la universidad y el cabildo catedralicio de la ciudad de Lima, llegó a presidir tres diócesis hispanoamericanas, siendo la última de ellas el arzobispado de México. Su perfil profesional yproducción intelectual lo convierten en una de las figuras más influyentes de la elite social limeña y de la burocracia religiosa imperial de su tiempo. Su vida y su obra también ayudan a entender la trama de poder y la compleja dinámica de las relaciones entre la Corona y el virreinato peruano. Su poco conocida obra constituye una de las piedras angulares de la tradición memorialista peruana, interesada en la defensa de los derechos de prelación y el debate sobre la doctrina de la justicia distributiva. Este artículo analiza la conexión entre el doctor Vega y las principales instituciones virreinales: la universidad, el arzobispado, el cabildo catedralicio y la Real Audiencia. Asimismo, se estudia la manipulación de dichas instituciones por parte del grupo de los beneméritos, al que Vega perteneció.

This thesis explores the extent to which elite women of the eighteenth century commissioned architectural works and the extent to which the type and scale of their projects was dictated by their marital status. Traditionally, architectural historians have advocated that eighteenth-century architecture was purely the pursuit of men. Women, of course, were not absent during this period, but their involvement with architecture has been largely obscured and largely overlooked. This doctoral research has redressed this oversight through the scrutinising of known sources and the unearthing of new archival material. This thesis begins with an exploration of the legal and financial statuses of elite women, as encapsulated by the eighteenth-century marriage settlement. This encompasses brides’ portions or dowries, wives’ annuities or ‘pin-money’, widows’ dower or jointure, and provisions made for daughters and younger children. Following this, the thesis is divided into three main sections which each look at the ways in which women, depending upon their marital status, could engage in architecture. The first of these sections discusses unmarried women, where the patronage of the following patroness is examined: Anne Robinson; Lady Isabella Finch; Lady Elizabeth Hastings; Sophia Baddeley; George Anne Bellamy and Teresa Cornelys. The second section explores the patronage of married women, namely Jemima Yorke, Marchioness Grey; Amabel Hume-Campbell, Lady Polwarth; Mary Robinson, Baroness Grantham; Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough; Frances Boscawen; Elizabeth Herbert, Countess of Pembroke and Montgomery; Henrietta Knight, Baroness Luxborough and Lady Sarah Bunbury. The third and final section discusses the architectural patronage of widowed women, including Susanna Montgomery, Countess of Eglinton; Georgianna Spencer, Countess Spencer; Elizabeth Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort; Elizabeth Home, Countess of Home; Elizabeth Montagu; Mary Hervey, Lady Hervey; Henrietta Fermor, Countess of Pomfret; the Hon. Charlotte Digby; the Hon. Charlotte Boyle Walsingham; the Hon. Agneta Yorke and Albinia Brodrick, Viscountess Midleton. Collectively, all three sections advocate that elite women were at the heart of the architectural patronage system and exerted more influence and agency over architecture than has previously been recognised by architectural historians.