Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-09-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:09:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alcantara_as_me_ia.pdf: 955474 bytes, checksum: 9fa77531cdb9717c1f0821596c52b168 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A produção de imagens sacras no Brasil teve uma importante função didática para difusão do evangelho, uma ação educativa realizada pelas ordens religiosas que foram se instalando em várias partes do país. Em virtude disto, o sucesso da missão propiciou a edificação de muitas igrejas que continham em seus altares belas imagens sacras de cunho erudito para o culto coletivo, envoltas em um contexto místico, nas quais o fiel buscava conforto espiritual, por meio da contemplação. Aliadas aos sucessivos ciclos econômicos, passaram, ao longo da história, por adequações de material, estilo e dimensão, que acabaram por levá-las para o interior das casas e lá permaneceram fazendo parte do cotidiano. Posta assim a questão, no estado de São Paulo, em meados do século XIX, na região que hoje chamamos de Vale do Paraíba, houve uma grande demanda de imagens para o culto doméstico, que possuem vários pontos de tangência com as eruditas barrocas, encontradas nas igrejas locais. Denominadas Paulistinhas, estas imagens foram produzidas, exclusivamente no estado de São Paulo, para suprir as necessidades devocionais de um número significativo de pessoas que migraram para o vale, motivadas pelo cultivo do café, o então chamado ouro-verde. Imagens de devoção confeccionadas, por mais de um século por muitos santeiros, sendo na sua maioria anônimos, os quais, por meio da criatividade, fizeram surgir uma simplificação formal demasiada e muito singular para estas imagens que representavam os santos católicos e que, atualmente, se revelam preciosas não só pela devoção que elas suscitavam, mas também por marcar uma distinta escola de imagem sacra, imbuída do espírito barroco. / The manufacturing of sacred statues had an important educational role in the spreading of the Gospels in Brazil. Such confection was conduced by the religious orders which settled down in various regions of the country. The successful mission led to the construction of many churches whose altars had beautiful baroque statues surrounded by a mystic context, which the churchgoers sought for spiritual comfort through contemplation. Attached to the successive economic cycle, these baroque statues suffered, through history, many adaptations of material, style and dimension, taking them to the follower houses, where they stayed composing the daily life. In São Paulo State, by the middle of the 19th century, in the region called Vale do Paraíba (Paraíba Valey) there was a great search of such statues intended for domestic praying. These domestic versions had much in common with the original ones from the local churches. Such statues, dubbed Paulistinhas, were exclusively made in São Paulo State, responding to a demand for the devotional necessity of a significant number of people who migrated to the area, drawn by the coffee growing, then called “Green-gold”. Devotional statues manufactured, for more than a century, by anonymous sculptors who by means of creativity made a particular and exaggerated formal simplification for the statues which represented the Catholics saints which are, currently, not only important for their devotional values, but also for indicating a different school of sacred statues which are plenty of the baroque spirit.

Submitted by Vinicius de Assis null (deassis.vinicius@gmail.com) on 2016-07-29T14:46:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 THANGKA A PINTURA SAGRADA TIBETANA.docx: 18848509 bytes, checksum: 0f3bea4566b0c4667ffea6f21ff1af6f (MD5) THANGKA A PINTURA SAGRADA TIBETANA.pdf: 8432818 bytes, checksum: f357a28d3e4d03a1d5eb7cb6ce23a613 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-08-01T14:18:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 assis_v_me_ia.pdf: 8432818 bytes, checksum: f357a28d3e4d03a1d5eb7cb6ce23a613 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T14:18:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 assis_v_me_ia.pdf: 8432818 bytes, checksum: f357a28d3e4d03a1d5eb7cb6ce23a613 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-17 / O presente estudo intenta apresentar os princípios básicos, históricos e processuais, da pintura tradicional tibetana, thangka. Tal objetivo se justifica pela escassez de estudos em língua portuguesa sobre o assunto. Ainda que seja perceptível nos tempos atuais uma expansão dos estudos asiáticos no Brasil, em confluência com uma crescente aproximação e interesse pela cultura oriental na contemporaneidade; esta pesquisa, por meio de estudo de campo, levantamento bibliográfico e histórico, busca a investigação e exposição do profundo e específico âmbito do simbólico, sagrado e tradicional na pintura tibetana. Acreditando que o reconhecimento das artes e teorias estéticas não eurocêntricas corroboram a cognição e produção da inestimável diversidade cultural humana. / The following study intends to present the basic, historical and procedural principles of the traditional Tibetan painting, thangka. This objective is justified by the lack of studies in Portuguese on the subject. Although it is noticeable nowadays an expansion of Asian studies in Brazil, in confluence with a growing approach and interest in Eastern culture in contemporary society; this dissertation, by field research, literature and history, wishes to investigate, explain and expose the deep and specific scope of the symbolic, sacred and traditional in Tibetan painting. Believing that the recognition of the arts and non eurocentric aesthetic theories corroborate the cognition and production of the invaluable human cultural diversity.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Pretendemos analisar nesta tese as semelhanças entre o discurso do literário e o discurso do sagrado em dois poetas místicos: San Juan de la Cruz e Murilo Mendes. Vamos perceber os pontos de junção entre os dois discursos. Apesar de terem obras poéticas tão afastadas no tempo, encontramos como pontos de semelhança nelas a relação entre o humano e o divino, o erotismo, a expressão barroca. Como diferenças, podemos perceber que em San Juan de la Cruz encontramos a expressão da subjetividade, enquanto, em Murilo Mendes, vemos Deus como visão da externalidade. Também veremos como os dois poetas subvertem a teologia escolástica, ao escolherem a via da teologia mística, buscando anelos não-racionais e afetivos na construção poética do sagrado. O diálogo entre amante e Amado será valorizado a partir de uma linguagem carregada de erotismo que faz ressaltar um tributo à forma que permeia os dois poetas em questão. Por sua vez, o jogo entre imanência e transcendência aparecerá na poesia de tais autores como forma de demonstrar uma poesia que não apenas segue um caminho, mas que aponta para a complexidade da pluralidade dos discursos. Portanto, tais poetas escolherão vias próximas e longínquas ao falar do sagrado / We will analyze the resemblances between discourse of literature and discourse of Sacred in two mystic poets: San Juan de La Cruz and Murilo Mendes. We will understand the points of contact between the two works. In spite of the two poetical works be so far in time, we find as points of resemblances in them the relationship of Humane and Divine, Eroticism, the Baroque expression. As a difference, we can understand that in San Juan de La Cruzs works we find the expression of subjectivity while, in Murilo Mendes, we see God as a vision of external. We also will see how the two poets overthrow the Scholastic Theology, in choosing the path of mystic theology, searching no-rational but affective desires in the poetical construction of Sacred. The dialogue between lover and beloved will be enriched through a language full of eroticism that makes stand out a tribute to the form that permeates these two poets. Also, the play between immanence and transcendence will appear in the poetry of these authors as a way to demonstrate a poetry that not only follow one path, but indicates a complexity of plural discourses. So, these poets will choose close and distant paths as they speak about the sacred

This thesis explores the interconnection of sacramental eating and humoural curing in selected plays by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. It contends that the drama actively participated in the medico-religious debates of post-Reformation England. Investigating the health benefits attributed to the Eucharistic meal in its pre- and post-Reformation forms, this thesis shows that early modern religious debates occupy an important place in contemporaneous drama, proposing that aspects of religion, particularly the Eucharist, were explored by Shakespeare and Jonson with regards to the Sacrament's medicinal efficacy. The thesis suggests that the drama identifies religious anxiety as medico-spiritual trauma, and offers performative sacramento-humoural therapy. In tracing intersections of sacramentality, cannibalism, and Galenic humourism in six plays, the thesis analyses early modern concepts of the body, blood, food, medicinal practices, the Eucharist, and morality, showing that drama was used as a medical and didactic tool. Chapter 1 explores issues of corporeality and community in Coriolanus, unearthing interconnected concepts of humoural eating and changing religious communities. Chapter 2 investigates early modern medical practices in Titus Andronicus, placing medicinal cannibalism at the nexus of martyrdom, sacramentality, and humoural disease. Chapter 3 develops notions of sacramentality by analysing the philosophy of neo-stoicism in Julius Caesar and linking it with acts of penance. Chapter 4 discusses the portrayal of these themes in Bartholomew Fair, examining Jonson's investigative approach to dramatic portrayals of medico-religious debates. Chapter 5 compares Every Man In His Humour and Every Man Out of His Humour, identifying themes of the medieval morality play, and showing that they were employed for didactic and medicinal purposes. This thesis concludes that interconnected discourses of sacramental eating and humoural curing constitute dramatic commentary on contemporaneous medico-religious issues, and offer temporary, performative salvation for a religiously troubled nation.

En Grèce ancienne, femmes et filles de citoyens, issues généralement des élites, accomplissaient de nombreux services religieux pour leurs communautés. Ces fonctions, observées du Vème av. J.C. au II/IIIème ap. J.C. en Grèce, Etolie, Thessalie, Epire, Macédoine, îles des Cyclades et de l’Egée et littoral Est d’Asie Mineure, se construisaient et évoluaient avec leur société. Elles permettaient aux femmes de se mouvoir dans la sphère publique, en corrélation avec leur position sociale, et contribuaient à valoriser leur parentés. Beaucoup de ces services s’inscrivaient dans une sphère féminine où le sexe déterminait les rites accomplis, établissant une certaine image de la femme que les pratiques initiatiques accomplies par leurs filles, via ces services, reconduisaient. Toutefois, tous les services religieux ne se définissaient pas par rapport à ce monde féminin, mais tous se lisaient dans un ensemble subtil où il n’est pas toujours aisé d’établir les prérogatives de chaque service par rapport aux autres. Dans cet ensemble, la prêtrise était la charge la plus prestigieuse mais les autres fonctions, désignées par des termes spécifiques exprimant l’aspect principal de la charge, n’étaient pas simplement des auxiliaires ou subalternes. Les services religieux féminins formaient un ensemble complexe, diversifié mais cependant homogène et présentant une profonde cohérence. / In ancient Greece, Thessaly, Aitolia, Epiros, Macedonia, Cyclads, Aegean’s Islands and the eastern coast of Asia Minor, citizen’s wives and daughters, stem from the élite, could carry out religious functions for their people. These functions, influenced by the evolution of the society and observed from the 5th BC to the 2nd/3rd AD, were an opportunity for women to act in the public field, according to their social status, and a way to increase the value of their relatives. Many of these offices were determined by the gender and included in a women’s world. They played a part to create a greek ideal of woman, and the initiatory rites performed by their daughters contributed to carry on this image. However, all the women’s religious functions were not in this women’s world but all formed a group in which they are closely related to each other. The priestess got the most prestigious office but the others functions, usually named by a specific term which indicate its most important sight, were not just only sub-offices. All these offices were part of a complex group with some diversity and fine distinctions and it’s not easy to understand each function and its prerogatives, but this group was still homogeneous and coherent.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria das Gracas Sa Roriz Fonteles.pdf: 619446 bytes, checksum: 8e00b6ab9622dc421769b43300e53765 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-28 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / The main purpose of the current study was to analyze the understanding and what is the importance of the sacred on the day by day of the woman, under different ages and religions. We have investigated how the Sacred is perceived by the woman, how she feels in face of the sacred, and how the sacred language penetrates her sentiments, what is the perception she has of the different languages through which the sacred is manifested and how she internalizes it. In this study 14 female students of the graduate programs of the stricto sensu kind, in the area of humanities, with ages varying from 23 to 50 years. The interviews were done with a semistructured questioning that was taped and latter transcribed. The data were treated and categorized according to the method of analysis of the content of the interviews. The units of analysis were selected, starting with the perception of the importance and regarding the evidence of the thematic nuclei revealed by the interviewed. The final results conducted in 15 thematic nuclei were: 1) Definition of sacred; 2) Identity of sacred; 3) Representation of the sacred; 4) Familiarity with sacred; 5) Demonstration of the sacred; 6) Feelings perceived; 7) Localization of the sacred; 8) Relationship with the sacred; 9) Contact moments; 10)Importance of the sacred; 11) Religion and sacred; 12) Communication with the sacred; 13) Communication of the sacred with man and woman; 14) The female and male regarding perceptions of the sacred; 15) Female leadership in the church. Through the detailed analysis and discussion of the data collected it was possible to come to the conclusion that the present research has contributed for the revitalization of the historic memory regarding the relationship between the feminine and the sacred, serving as a guide (compass) for a renewed vision on the feminine role as a collaborative constructor of a more egalitarian society. The acceptance of the participation of the feminine, for the full understanding of the sacred is of major relevance for the social changes taking place in the beginning of this century. / O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi o de analisar a compreensão e a importância do sagrado no cotidiano de mulheres de diferentes idades e religiões. Investigou-se como o sagrado é percebido pela mulher, como esta se sente diante dele, de que maneira a linguagem sagrada permeia seus sentimentos; qual a leitura que ela faz das diferentes linguagens através das quais o sagrado se manifesta e como ela as internaliza. Participaram deste estudo 14 estudantes do curso de pós-graduação stricto sensu da área de humanidades, com idades variando entre 23 e 50 anos. As entrevistas foram pautadas em um roteiro semi-estruturado, gravadas e transcritas. Os dados foram tratados e categorizados conforme o método de análise de conteúdo. As unidades de análise foram selecionadas a partir da percepção de importância em relação à evidência de núcleos temáticos revelados pelas entrevistadas. Os resultados finais conduziram a 15 núcleos temáticos: 1) Conceito de sagrado; 2) Identidade do sagrado; 3) Representação do sagrado; 4) Intimidade com o sagrado; 5) Demonstração do sagrado; 6) Sentimentos despertados; 7) Localização do sagrado; 8) Relacionamento com o sagrado; 9) O momento de contato; 10) A importância do sagrado; 11) Religião e sagrado; 12) Comunicação com o sagrado; 13) A comunicação do sagrado com o homem e a mulher; 14) A percepção feminina dos sentimentos masculinos em relação ao sagrado; 15) A liderança feminina na Igreja. Por meio da minuciosa análise e discussão dos dados colhidos foi possível se chegar à conclusão que a presente pesquisa contribuiu para o levantamento da memória histórica da relação entre o feminino e o sagrado, servindo de bússola para que uma visão renovada sobre o feminino possa colaborar na construção de papéis sociais mais igualitários. A aceitação da participação do feminino na compreensão do sagrado é uma das maiores relevâncias para as mudanças sociais neste início de século.

O fenômeno de Sincronicidade apresenta-se como um tipo de raciocínio que considera os eventos como elementos significativamente correspondentes inseridos em campos, e não tão somente a partir da ligação causal existente entre eles. A Sincronicidade pode oferecer respostas muitas vezes até mais eficazes do que o raciocínio causal e mostra-se passível de categorização. É hipótese desse trabalho que esse tipo de apreensão da realidade apresente-se mais desenvolvido em indivíduos pertencentes a uma esfera mais religiosa. Para investigar a ocorrência e sua percepção do modo sincronístico de apreensão da realidade em indivíduos de diferentes tipos de religiosidade, foram conduzidas entrevistas semi-dirigidas com representantes de diferentes cultos religiosos e indivíduos supostamente de raciocínio mais cartesiano ou incrédulos, para posterior análise fenomenológica. Trazemos aqui as análises das entrevistas de, por um lado, um indivíduo supostamente mais afetado pelo fenômeno sincronístico - uma praticante sufi - e, por outro, entre os supostamente menos afetados, de um ateu. Notou-se claramente um desenvolvimento maior de uma apreensão sincronística da realidade entre os indivíduos supostamente mais afetados pelo fenômeno e, na medida do possível, conceitou-se particularidades do fenômeno de Sincronicidade, assinalando-se a possibilidade de caracterizá-lo como evento sagrado, em conformidade às concepções apresentadas do fenômeno sacral / Synchronicity presents itself as a kind of reasoning that considers the events as significantly corresponding elements inserted into fields, and not solely from the causal link between them. Synchronicity can offer answers often more effective than causal reasoning and shows itself liable to categorization. Working hypothesis here is that this kind of apprehension of reality presents itself more developed in individuals belonging to a sphere more religious. To investigate the occurrence and perception of synchronistic way of apprehending reality in individuals of different types of religiosity were conducted semi-structured interviews with representatives of different religious cults and individuals supposed more Cartesian or unbelievers, for further phenomenological analysis. We bring here the analysis of interviews, on the one hand, an individual supposedly most affected by the phenomenon synchronistic - a Sufi practitioner - and, secondly, between the supposedly less affected, an atheist. It was noted clearly further development of a seizure synchronistic reality between individuals allegedly most affected by the phenomenon, and to the extent possible, it is thought particularities of the phenomenon of synchronicity, indicating the possibility to characterize it as a sacred event, according to the conceptions of the phenomenon presented sacral

This study explored the interface between the abuses inherent in the sacred nature of the Akan (a Ghanaian ethnic group) Chief and international human rights laws. It argued that the sacred basis of Akan Chieftaincy, which empowers and legitimizes Akan Chiefs, also leads to them imposing restrictions on the rights of their subjects. The study examined the implications of these restrictions in the light of a rapidly modernizing, thoroughly globalizing, and a religiously pluralistic Ghana where the influence of western originated belief in individual rights is growing. The study also explored why, in spite of the many existing Constitutional and legal provisions in Ghana, breaches of religious freedom still occur. It shed considerable light on how agents of the modern state and the Chiefs, connive to sometimes suppress the rights of individuals. The study identified the implications of this development for policymaking in Ghanaian communities where modernity and tradition co-exist.

I denna studie undersöks elevers uppfattningar om bildämnets digitalisering. Detta görs utifrån Bernsteins teorier om “the sacred and the profane” och konceptet av ämnesparadigm. Studien baseras på en observation och kvalitativa respondentintervjuer med nio elever indelade i tre olika grupper.  Undersökningen visar att eleverna i studien anger traditionella tekniker, kreativitet och fritt skapande som kärnan i bildämnet och att de därmed främst sluter sig till det estetiskt- praktiska paradigmet. Dock nyanseras detta av att några elever i studien accepterar, och en elev som föredrar, digitalt orienterade uppgifter i bildämnet och en elev som anger kommunikativa aspekter som något en bör lära sig i bildämnet. Gemensamt är att eleverna vill arbeta praktiskt men att de accepterar digitala medier som verktyg bland andra verktyg i bildämnet. Elevernas förhållande till digitala medier i bildundervisningen präglas också av vilket program de arbetar i och den tid och kunskap de besitter under ett digitalt projekt.

Modern scholars have suggested various approaches to the analysis of the pretonal repertory. However, if we consider the question of how the individual voice parts interact in a Renaissance polyphonic composition to create coherence for the movement as a whole, we find that there are no tools available to undertake such a task. We may be able to speak generally of the arrival of certain moments as relatively accented or unaccented; we may even be able to dissect a complete melodic line with some segmentation process to highlight motivic structure, phrase development or contour-articulated pitch events. But there are no analytic strategies available yet which are capable of disclosing the structures of independent voice parts and their interaction as timepoint-accenting elements capable of creating formal, rhythmic and pitch-class patterns. This study outlines a methodology that has been developed to deal with these specific issues. The analytic strategy is based on the perception of accents in individual voices of polyphonic works. The types of accents germane to Renaissance polyphony include durational, leap, contour, cadential and beginning-accents. The study proposes a simple, bipartite classification of accentual strength—strong or weak. Each voice part in a work is then analyzed, with every pitch attack represented as strongly or weakly accented through special notation developed for the analysis. The methodology affords a picture of the most strongly- accented timepoints in the individual melodies of three- and four-voice cantus firmus masses of the mid- to late fifteenth century. The relative strengths of these accents, along with their synchronization in the multi-voice aggregate, are disclosed through the notation. After renotating scores with this special notational symbology, we extract points of coincident strong accents in three or more voices to create accent profiles for each section of a movement. We then compare profiles of same-texted works by different composers in order to disclose normative formal and pitch-class procedures in some Renaissance compositions. / Arts, Faculty of / Music, School of / Graduate