Hälsofrämjande ledarskap är ett komplext fenomen som innefattar att främja hälsan i arbetslivet med hälsofrämjande aktiviteter. Studien fokuserade på det salutogena perspektivet, hälsa och hälsofrämjande arbete, arbetsrelaterad stress, arbetsmiljölagen samt ledarskapsteorier som kan kopplas till det hälsofrämjande ledarskapet. Studien syftade till att undersöka ledares upplevelser av hälsofrämjande ledarskap och resurser som främjar deras hälsa. Elva ledare från två organisationer deltog i studien.  Halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes som kategoriserades genom meningskoncentrering. Analysen resulterade i ett antal slutsatser som var gemensamma för flertalet av respondenterna. Majoriteten av ledarna ansåg sig inte vara hälsofrämjande ledare och var fokuserade på fysiska friskvårdsåtgärder snarare än psykosociala. Ledarna  hade en uppfattning om att det rådde otydlig ansvarsfördelning, bristande kunskap  om hälsofrämjande ledarskap, men tillgång till hälsofrämjande resurser. / Health promotion leadership is complex and includes promoting health in the workplace. The study focuses on the salutogenetic perspective, health promotion, work-related stress, work environment legislation and leadership theories that can be linked to health promotion leadership. This study aims to investigate if leaders have knowledge about health-promoting leadership and access to resources that are health promoting. Eleven leaders from two organizations participated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted thematised through meaningful concentrator. The analysis showed several recurring statements amongst a majority of the respondents which were that the leaders did not view themselves as health- promoting leaders and their focus were on physical working environment rather than psychological. The perception of responsibility in the matter was unclear in both organizations and the leaders generally lacked knowledge of health promotion leadership while having access to health promoting resources.

Frågan om chefers ledarskaps påverkan på de anställdas hälsa har aktualiserats under senare tid. Dock finns inte mycket forskning på området, vilket gör att denna uppsats kan komma att fylla en funktion i detta sammanhang. Uppsatsen har som syfte att ta reda på hur förskolechefer i en svensk kommun utövar sitt ledarskap och om det går att se någon koppling till medarbetarnas frisknärvaro. Med hjälp av kvalitativ metod där fem semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes besvaras följande frågor i kandidatuppsatsen:   Vilket slags ledarskap utövar förskolecheferna? Vilka likheter finns i ledarskapsstilarna mellan de förskolechefer som har hög frisknärvaro bland medarbetarna? Skiljer sig ledarskapet åt, i så fall hur, mellan de chefer som har hög frisknärvaro och de med mellanhög och låg dito?   Min slutsats är att det finns likheter i hur cheferna utövar sitt ledarskap. Alla fem har starkt fokus på produktionsorienterat ledarskap, medan det skiljer en hel del mellan dem när det gäller det relationsorienterade dito. Tre av fem utövar mer eller mindre det salutogena ledarskapet. Den chef som har lägst frisknärvaro är den som leder på ett mest produktionsorienterat sätt. Resultatet av denna studie tyder på att ledarskap, för att öka frisknärvaron, bör utövas med tydlighet, närvaro och delaktighet. / The issue of managers' leadership influence on the health of employees has been actualized recently. However, there is a lack of research in this area, which motivates a focus on this topic. This study aims to find out how pre-school managers in a Swedish municipality exercises leadership and if you can see any connection to the staff's work attendance. By using the qualitative method in which five semi-structured interviews were conducted, I have got some answers to the following questions in this study:     1. What kind of leadership does preschool heads exercise? 2. What similarities are there in leadership styles between the  pre-school managers who have high work-attendance among staff? 3. Is there a difference in the leadership between the managers who have high work attendance and those with medium- and low ditto? If so what differs between them?   My conclusion is that there are similarities in how managers exercise their leadership. All five have a strong focus on production oriented leadership, while it differs more between them when it comes to the relationship oriented one. Three of the five exercise more or less the salutogenic leadership. The manager with staff with the lowest work attendance is the one who exercise her leadership in the most production-oriented way. Results from this study indicate that leadership, to increase work attendance, should be exercised with clarity, presence and inclusion.

I denna c-uppsats har vi eftersträvat en förståelse kring vilka omständigheter som hjälper kvinnor utsatta för människohandel för sexuella ändamål att gå vidare och bygga upp ett nytt liv. För att nå denna förståelse har en kvalitativ intervjustudie genomförts där personer som hjälper dessa kvinnor har delat med sig av sina erfarenheter och kunskaper. Utifrån deras uttalanden har det i analysen gått att urskilja fem teman som beskriver de hjälpande omständigheterna. Dessa teman beskriver bland annat hur kvinnorna tar sig ifrån sina människohandlare med hjälp av andra, hur de beskrivs som starka överlevare, hur kvinnorna behöver tid, uppmuntran och få ordning på praktiska bitar samt hur nätverk och en framtidstro kan ge dem styrka. Dessa omständigheter, som framkom hjälpa kvinnorna att bygga upp ett nytt liv, tolkades sedan utifrån den salutogenetiska modellen med fokus på generella motståndsresurser samt en känsla av sammanhang. Med stöd av dessa teoretiska utgångspunkter framkom hur vissa generella motståndsresurser går att se i de hjälpande omständigheterna samt hur kvinnorna då verkar kunna skapa sig en känsla av sammanhang. Detta sammantaget skulle kunna förklara varför just dessa omständigheter hjälper kvinnorna att skapa sig ett nytt liv. / In this study we have attempted to create an understanding of which circumstances help women who are victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation to go ahead and build a new life. To achieve this understanding a qualitative interview study was made where people who help these women shared their experience and knowledge. Based on their statements five themes, that describe the helping circumstances, have been identified in the analysis. These themes describe for example how women get away from their traffickers through others, how they are described as strong survivors, how they need time, encouragement and to get order in practical issues and how relationships and a hope for the future can give them strength. These circumstances, which emerged help women to build a new life, were then interpreted based on the salutogenic model with focus on general resistance resources and a sense of coherence. With these theories as a starting point, it became clear how some general resistance resources can be seen in the helping circumstances and how the women seem to be able to find a sense of coherence. Taken together, this could explain why these circumstances help women build a new life.

In this qualitative, interpretive study a new and promising imagery technique, called Wertimagination (WIM®) [Value-Oriented Imagery] was researched. It was developed by the logotherapist Uwe Boeschemeyer in Germany. At the main focus of this study are the psychotherapeutic work experiences of logotherapists applying WIM®. Their perceptions with regard to Wertimagination’s potencies, limitations and its overall contribution to Logotherapy are explored. Eight semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with German logotherapists offering WIM® at their practice. The interview contents are analysed and compared with supplementing perspectives: with Wertimagination experiences reported by other (logo)therapists, by clients and by the developer of the method (Boeschemeyer), extracted from the existing body of literature. The results show that Value-Oriented Imagery by all three researched parties – (logo)therapists, clients and its developer – is experienced to be a high potential logotherapeutic, salutogenetic (resources-oriented) approach contributing inter alia towards a person’s inner meaning finding, selfacceptance and trust in life. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

<p>Our aim with this essay is to examine if social work in the care of elderly tends to be salutogenetic or patogenetic oriented. A salutogenetic oriented activity means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples individual possibilities, and collaborate with the receiver of care in order to offer him or her aid and resources for meaningful living conditions. A patogenetic oriented activity on the other hand means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples most primary needs, their illnesses and to introduce adequate treatment. We also examine if social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male or female characteristic features in the receivers of care. Finally we wanted to find out if there were any gender distinctions, if the appraisal of aid were more affected by a male or female receiver of care. We also considered that gender might not have any affect on their appraisal at all.</p><p>Our theoretical framework is mainly based on three already existing theories. These gave us a general list of salutogenetic/patogenetic statements and typical male/female characteristic features. Because of time shortage the material includes only one empirical method, which is a questionnaire to the employees in the care of the elderly. The method of analysis is mostly quantitative, but since the questionnaire also contained some opened questions, our study is partly qualitative. A total of 101 persons participated in our questionnaire poll. The results of our study brought about unexpected results. To our surprise, the social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male characteristic features in the receivers of care. We also found that what requires of a good apraisal of aid is a salutogenetic perspective, but that the social workers thought it was difficult to apply in practice.</p>

Our aim with this essay is to examine if social work in the care of elderly tends to be salutogenetic or patogenetic oriented. A salutogenetic oriented activity means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples individual possibilities, and collaborate with the receiver of care in order to offer him or her aid and resources for meaningful living conditions. A patogenetic oriented activity on the other hand means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples most primary needs, their illnesses and to introduce adequate treatment. We also examine if social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male or female characteristic features in the receivers of care. Finally we wanted to find out if there were any gender distinctions, if the appraisal of aid were more affected by a male or female receiver of care. We also considered that gender might not have any affect on their appraisal at all. Our theoretical framework is mainly based on three already existing theories. These gave us a general list of salutogenetic/patogenetic statements and typical male/female characteristic features. Because of time shortage the material includes only one empirical method, which is a questionnaire to the employees in the care of the elderly. The method of analysis is mostly quantitative, but since the questionnaire also contained some opened questions, our study is partly qualitative. A total of 101 persons participated in our questionnaire poll. The results of our study brought about unexpected results. To our surprise, the social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male characteristic features in the receivers of care. We also found that what requires of a good apraisal of aid is a salutogenetic perspective, but that the social workers thought it was difficult to apply in practice.

In this qualitative, interpretive study a new and promising imagery technique, called Wertimagination (WIM®) [Value-Oriented Imagery] was researched. It was developed by the logotherapist Uwe Boeschemeyer in Germany. At the main focus of this study are the psychotherapeutic work experiences of logotherapists applying WIM®. Their perceptions with regard to Wertimagination’s potencies, limitations and its overall contribution to Logotherapy are explored. Eight semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with German logotherapists offering WIM® at their practice. The interview contents are analysed and compared with supplementing perspectives: with Wertimagination experiences reported by other (logo)therapists, by clients and by the developer of the method (Boeschemeyer), extracted from the existing body of literature. The results show that Value-Oriented Imagery by all three researched parties – (logo)therapists, clients and its developer – is experienced to be a high potential logotherapeutic, salutogenetic (resources-oriented) approach contributing inter alia towards a person’s inner meaning finding, selfacceptance and trust in life. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien är att undersöka varför gymnasieelever väljer att läsa kursen Idrott och hälsa 1 - specialisering inom individuellt val. Studien ämnar därigenom att svara på följande frågeställningar: Vad karaktäriserar gymnasieelever som väljer att läsa kursen? Vad uppfattar gymnasieelever som meningsfullt med att läsa kursen? Hur påverkar kursens utformning gymnasieelevers möjlighet att välja att läsa kursen? Metod Studien utgår ifrån en hermeneutisk kunskapsteoretisk utgångspunkt. Kvalitativa halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sju gymnasieelever, från två län, som valt och läser kursen Idrott och hälsa 1 - specialisering inom individuellt val. Intervjuerna har sedan behandlats med hjälp av en teoriledd tematisk analys, utifrån idrottshabitus, social identitet och meningsfullhet.  Resultat Det som karaktäriserar eleverna som valt att läsa kursen är att de har en stark idrottshabitus och de ser sig själva som fysiskt aktiva och idrottsliga personer, men även att de är kompetenta inom fysisk aktivitet och idrott. Samtliga elever har en stor erfarenhet av flera idrotter under sin uppväxt, har tidigt introducerats till idrott via familj och vänner och har en öppenhet för nya aktiviteter även under senare tonåren. Det eleverna ser som meningsfullt med kursen är möjlighet till rolig fysisk aktivitet som även kan underlätta och förbättra deras övriga skolarbeten, samtidigt som det är möjligt att få bra betyg i kursen i sig. Slutligen är kursen utformad på olika sätt vid gymnasieskolorna vilket ger upphov till olika förväntningar bland eleverna kring kursens innehåll. Studiens resultat tyder även på att kursens utformning skapar förväntningar på eleverna och att de elever som upplever sig motsvara dessa förväntningar även väljer att läsa kursen.  Slutsats Kursens utformning tillsammans med gymnasieelevernas tidigare sociala och idrottsliga erfarenheter är styrande i valet av kursen inom det individuella valet. Detta resulterar i att eleverna väljer kursen utifrån vad som passar för dem här och nu och att det kan skapa goda förutsättningar i deras tillvaro. Valet av kursen blir därav en del av elevernas hälsofrämjande beteende. / Aim The aim of this study is to find out why upper secondary pupils choose the course Physical education and health 1 – specialisation within individual options. This study has three questions to answer: What characterizes pupils who choose the course? What do the pupils find as meaningful with the course for them? How does the design of the course affect the possibility for the pupils to choose the course?  Method Based on a hermeneutic epistemology, this study uses qualitative semi-structured interviews with seven upper secondary pupils, from two counties, who have chosen the course Physical education and health 1 – specialisation within individual options, to answer its questions. The interviews have been analysed by a theory-led thematic analysis with three theoretical concepts: sports habitus, social identity and meaningfulness.   Results The pupils who choose the course are characterized by a strong sport habitus and they define themselves as physically active and a sportsperson. They are also competent when it comes to physical activity and sports. The pupils have a wide experience of different sports and have been introduced to sports at an early age by family and friends. The pupils are also open to new physical activities. What the pupils find as meaningful with the course for them is the physical activity it can offer and that it is fun. What the pupils also find as meaningful is the possibility to ease and favor other schoolwork and the possibility to get good grades in the course. The design of the course differs from different upper secondary schools and the design creates different expectations among the pupils about what the course should contain and contribute to. The design of the course also creates an expectation of the pupils, which has the consequence that pupils who feel that they meet these expectations also choose to read the course. Conclusions The design of the course together with the social and sports experiences of the pupils do influence the pupils’ choice of the course. Also, the pupils chose the course because it can create good conditions in their lives, here and now. That choice therefore becomes part of the pupils’ health-promoting behaviour.