Ce mémoire se concentre sur la réception des personnages bibliques par le lecteur du roman L’Évangile selon Jésus-Christ (ESJC), de l’écrivain portugais José Saramago. L’étude dégage d’abord les spécificités de l’univers du roman, à partir duquel le lecteur perçoit les personnages. En fait, cet univers s’avère un espace « tridimensionnel », mixte de mythe, de fiction et d’Histoire. Ensuite, le statut et le sens des figures du récit sont analysés à travers une approche du personnage en termes d’effets. À cet égard, les théories de Vincent Jouve dans L’effet-personnage dans le roman et les différentes représentations des personnages dans l’ESJC et dans le Nouveau Testament orientent l’analyse. En ce sens, ce mémoire démontre un ensemble de mécanismes démystificateurs des personnages, grâce à leur humanisation. L’étude examine également un complexe système axiologique voué, sinon à la subversion du lecteur, du moins à sa réflexion sur les personnages qui intègrent le récit fondateur de la croyance religieuse en Occident. / This work focuses on the reception of biblical characters by the readers of the novel The Gospel According to Jesus Christ, written by the Portuguese author José Saramago. Firstly, this study extracts elements from the novel’s universe, from which readers perceive the characters. In fact, such universe integrates a tridimensional world, mixing myth, fiction and History. Secondly, the status and the sense of narrative figures are analyzed through a character approach based on reading effects. In this sense, Vincent Jouve’s theories from ‘L’effet-personnage dans le roman’ [The character-effect in the novel] and the different representations of novel and biblical characters from the New Testament are also compared. In this way, this work demonstrates several mechanisms that demystify the characters, due to their humanization. The present study also investigates a complex axiological system that aims, if not at readers’ subversion, at least at their exam about the characters that integrate Western’s original narrative of religious belief.

Abstract This study outlines a reading of Saramago’s novels as tracing a reflective itinerary into history, questioning the modalities informing a contemporary consciousness, thus acknowledging and re–configuring the past. Through an interpretation of these narratives as ‘voyages into the idea of identity’ it is shown that they reveal a symmetrical pattern tracing the Portuguese national saga from its foundation myth in The History of the Siege of Lisbon to contemporary images of identity in The Stone Raft. In light of this, the analysis examines the subversive narrative strategies employed with regard to the interrogation of canonized historical facts that led to the construction of Portuguese cultural memory and identity. Although the discussion is particularly located within Portuguese texts, the issues raised are relevant within the broader context of Western civilization. It is argued that, within his fictional discourse, Saramago aims at a reformulation of the notion of identity, highlighting the importance of preserving and actively affirming one’s individuality. Drawing on the postmodern perspective of pluralism in the reconstruction of the past, this analysis explores the relationship between history, fiction, memory and identity as reflected in the narratives under discussion. The focus will be on the textual nature of historiography as well as on the relative character of memory, aspects suggesting the irretrievable nature of the past and the necessity of using various acts of supplementation, construction and invention when representing it. Furthermore, the dialogue between Saramago’s fictional canvass and the theoretical framework, drawing on the thinking of critics such as Hayden White, David Lowenthal, Tzvetan Todorov, Linda Hutcheon, is intended to situate Saramago’s stance viz–à-viz the truthfulness of historiography within the contemporary preoccupation with the representation and construction of the past with an eye to reflecting present needs.

Orientador: Haquira Osakabe / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-05T14:02:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_MarcosAparecido_D.pdf: 3640532 bytes, checksum: 4117b635e8240113e88f4d331dcb863e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: O objetivo desta Tese é demonstrar a existência de uma dialética do sagrado e do profano e de uma hermenêutica nos romances de José Saramago. Deve-se entender por dialética os movimentos de sacralização e dessacralização que organizam a estrutura narrativa e que, visando a uma critica radical da idéia de transcendência, afetam a própria modalidade do discurso ficcional. A hermenêutica é um jogo interpretativo no qual o romance apropria-se de textos da tradição religiosa e cultural do ocidente, propõe ao leitor uma leitura contundente dessa tradição e, sobretudo, forja no interior da própria narrativa uma interpretação de si mesma. Defende-se nesta Tese que o conceito de alegoria é uma ferramenta hermenêutica que "impõe" ao leitor uma interpretação da matéria narrada. As reflexões iniciais sobre o sagrado, o profano e o ateísmo servem de moldura para situar os construtos ficcionais de Saramago na discussão sobre o sentido do sagrado no mundo moderno. Para se entender os custos, os benefícios e o sentido da prática hermenêutica na economia narrativa, procurou-se descrever o funcionamento de um sistema de metáforas no seguinte corpus literário: Memorial do Convento e História do Cerco de Lisboa. Em O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo e Manual de Pintura e Caligrafia,verificou-se os fundamentos dessa hermenêutica no modelo retórico da glosa. Nos demais romances de José Saramago localizou-se a recorrência de três procedimentos de base da sua escrita: o dialético, o hermenêutico e o estilístico. Além disso, buscou-se compreender como os críticos de Saramago responderam à presença dessa hermenêutica na sua obra e como eles inseriram esse escritor na tradição ficcional portuguesa. Por fim, desejou-se saber se a dialética e a hermenêutica do romancista, cujas bases são os conceitos de glosa e de alegoria, levam às últimas conseqüências as idéias de imanência e de uma interpretação ilimitada / Abstract: The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the existence of a given dialectics of the sacred and the profane as well as a hermeneutics in José Saramago's novels. Dialectics should be understood as the sacralization and desacralization that organize the narrational structure and that, aiming at a radical criticism of the idea of transcendence, affect the fictional discourse modality in itself. Hermeneutics is an interpretive game, in which the novel takes hold of texts concerned with both the religious and cultural western traditions, proposes a trenchant reading of this tradition to the reader and, above ali, shapes an interpretation of itself within the inner side of the narrative. This thesis stands up for the concept of allegory as being a hermeneutic tool which "imposes" an interpretation of the narrated material upon the reader. The first reflections on the sacred, the profane, and the atheism act as a framework that gives track to Saramago's fictional constructs within the discussion abiding the sense of sacredness in the modern world. To understand the costs, benefits and the sense of hermeneutics as a practice regarding the narrative frugality, it was sought to describe the operation of a metaphoric system within the following literary corpus: Baltasar and Blimunda and The History of the Siege of Lisbon. In The Gospel According to Jesus Christ and Manual of Painting and Caligraphy, the grounds of this hermeneutics were verified within the gloss rhetorical model. In the remaining novels by José Saramago, the recurrences of three basic procedures related to his writing were located: the dialectic, the hermeneutic and the stylistic. In addition, there was an effort to understand how the critics of Saramago responded to the presence of this hermeneutics in his works and how they have inserted this writer in the Portuguese fictional tradition. At last, it was requested whether the novelist's dialectics and hermeneutics, whose foundations are the concepts of gloss and allegory, lead the ideas of immanence and of unlimited interpretation up to the uttermost consequences / Doutorado / Literatura Portuguesa / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

Submitted by Miriam Lucas (miriam.lucas@unioeste.br) on 2017-08-25T14:45:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Raíza Oliveira 2016.pdf: 909068 bytes, checksum: 95f617b734c8a27d4055b533fbb4992f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T14:45:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Raíza Oliveira 2016.pdf: 909068 bytes, checksum: 95f617b734c8a27d4055b533fbb4992f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Considering that the literature has an impact on society and is influenced by it, this research has the general objective to analyze how literature presents itself as an opportunity for historic resumed. This are intertwined other goals as: Understanding the relation between literature and history; as it is a novel of historical nature, and mainly historiographical metafiction; and as the historical aspect is addressed in Saramago´s work The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Thus, taking into consideration that the object contained two kinds of knowledge, literary and historical, research shows interdisciplinarity as research methodology. Thus, with regard to methodology, this research includes a qualitative and interdisciplinary literature. In this sense, the work begins with the presentation of the concept of grounded interdisciplinary mainly Pombo (2008) and Casanova (2006). Then discusses the relationship between literature and history showing that both are close and the first, and the second, also presents a perspective on the past, this reflection will be based on the approaches of Lenhardt and Pesavento (1998) and Hayden White (1994). Then, in the second chapter we study the historical nature of novels from Lukacs's approach (2011) and historiographical metafiction Linda Hutcheon (1991). This route provides a better analysis of the work The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis, written by José Saramago, in the third chapter, which is historiographical metafiction, proposes a historical and critical perspective of the 1936 European in order to illustrate how the literature looks to the past. In this analysis of the historicity of the work, it is observed mainly three elements: the omniscient narrator intrusive, the character Ricardo Reis - fruit of intertextuality with Fernando Pessoa - and intertextuality with the news from newspapers of the time. Thus, it seeks to make clear that the literature as well as history, can contribute to the vision that one has of the past. / Tendo em vista que a Literatura exerce impacto na sociedade, bem como é influenciada por ela, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar como a Literatura apresenta-se como uma possibilidade de retomada histórica. Neste estão imbricados outros objetivos como: Compreender qual a relação entre Literatura e História; como se constitui um romance de cunho histórico, e principalmente uma metaficção historiográfica; e como o aspecto histórico é abordado na obra saramagueana O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis. Assim, levando em consideração que no objeto constam dois tipos de conhecimento, o literário e o histórico, a investigação apresenta a interdisciplinaridade como metodologia de pesquisa. Assim, no que concerne à metodologia, a presente investigação abarca uma pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa e interdisciplinar. Nesse sentido, o trabalho tem início com a apresentação do conceito de interdisciplinaridade embasado principalmente em Pombo (2008) e Casanova (2006). Em seguida discute - se a relação entre Literatura e História mostrando que ambas são próximas e a primeira, assim como a segunda, também apresenta uma perspectiva sobre o passado, essa reflexão terá como base as abordagens de Lenhardt e Pesavento (1998) e Hayden White (1994). Então, no segundo capítulo estuda-se os romances de cunho histórico por meio da abordagem de Lukács (2011) e da metaficção historiográfica de Linda Hutcheon (1991). Este percurso propicia uma melhor análise da obra O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis, de autoria de José Saramago, no terceiro capítulo, que sendo uma metaficção historiográfica, propõe uma perspectiva histórica e crítica do ano de 1936 europeu, a fim de exemplificar como a literatura olha para o passado. Nesta análise da historicidade da obra, observa-se, principalmente três elementos: o narrador intruso onisciente, o personagem Ricardo Reis – fruto da intertextualidade com Fernando Pessoa – e a intertextualidade com as notícias de jornais da época. Deste modo, busca-se deixar claro que a Literatura, assim como a História, pode contribuir para a visão que se tem do passado.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-11-27T16:11:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Wertheimer Ana Maria TESE.pdf: 2097323 bytes, checksum: cad8fb9418167a5eb2fb432f32536371 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-11-28T12:09:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Wertheimer Ana Maria TESE.pdf: 2097323 bytes, checksum: cad8fb9418167a5eb2fb432f32536371 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T12:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wertheimer Ana Maria TESE.pdf: 2097323 bytes, checksum: cad8fb9418167a5eb2fb432f32536371 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-28 / This thesis proposes a tripartite approach to dialogism for the analysis of three novels by Jos? Saramago (1922-2010), namely, A jangada de pedra, O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo and Ensaio sobre a cegueira, which were selected by the reason that they approach political, religious and social issues, respectively. Based on the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin (1895-1975), whose intellectual production lasted for about sixty years ? which may justify the use of the term dialogue in different contexts and with distinct concepts ?, this study is guided by three possible meanings within dialogism: the dialogue in the theory of language, the dialogue in the novel and the dialogue in the genre memory. Without ignoring the vast critical reviews of the Portuguese writer?s work, this thesis intends to answer a question: how are dialogic relationships established in Saramago's novels? Searching for an answer, a second, more complex question arises: is it possible that the dialogic relationships in the narrative structure of Saramago?s characters and narrator represent his process of literary creation? The hypothesis is that the artistic form of the writer represents, besides a tendency, a renewal of the genre itself. This study is, therefore, divided into three parts: the first is dedicated to the dialogue at the level of language, regarding the ideological sense of the linguistic sign and the different types of the reported speech; the second part approaches the dialogue in the novel, focusing on the plurilingual and polyphonic features of the discourse in the novel; and the third part, in the sphere of the memory of the genre, investigates aspects of carnival literature and chronotopic structures that constitute the narratives. It is added to this study the ideas of researchers such as Michael Holquist, Gary Saul Morson, Caryl Emerson and, from Brazil, Irene Machado, Beth Brait, Carlos Alberto Faraco, and Cristov?o Tezza, among others who seek to understand and systematize Bakhtin?s concepts. It is expected that a study that examines Saramago's writing can contribute both to a reflection on his creative process and also to a (re)reading of Bakhtin's dialogic principle in Literature. / Esta tese prop?e uma abordagem tripartida do dialogismo para a an?lise de tr?s romances de Jos? Saramago (1922?2010), quais sejam, A jangada de pedra, O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo e Ensaio sobre a cegueira, selecionados por tratarem, respectivamente, temas de cunho pol?tico, religioso e social. ? luz das teorias de Mikhail Bakhtin (1895?1975), cuja produ??o intelectual se prolongou por cerca de sessenta anos ? o que pode justificar o uso do termo di?logo em contextos e com conceitos distintos ?, este estudo ? orientado por tr?s poss?veis acep??es dentro da teoria do dialogismo: o di?logo na teoria da linguagem, o di?logo no romance e o di?logo na mem?ria dos g?neros. Sem fazer t?bula rasa da vasta fortuna cr?tica do escritor portugu?s, esta tese pretende responder a uma quest?o: como as rela??es dial?gicas se constituem nos romances de Saramago? Na busca por uma resposta, surge uma segunda quest?o, mais complexa, ? ? poss?vel que as rela??es dial?gicas na tessitura do discurso das personagens e do narrador saramaguiano representem uma teoria do processo de cria??o liter?ria? A hip?tese norteadora ? a de que a forma art?stica do escritor, precisamente a prosa polif?nica, constitua, para al?m de uma tend?ncia, uma renova??o pr?pria do g?nero. Este trabalho, portanto, est? organizado em tr?s partes: a primeira dedica-se ao di?logo no n?vel da linguagem, no que tange ao sentido ideol?gico do signo lingu?stico e aos diferentes tipos de discurso citado; a segunda parte aborda o di?logo no romance, o que corresponde ? heterogl?ssia e ? polifonia no discurso romanesco; e a terceira parte, na esfera da mem?ria dos g?neros, investiga aspectos da literatura carnavalesca e das estruturas cronot?picas que constituem as narrativas. Acrescenta-se ? leitura das teorias bakhtinianas, considera??es de pesquisadores como, Michael Holquist, Gary Saul Morson, Caryl Emerson e, do Brasil, Irene Machado, Beth Brait, Carlos Alberto Faraco, Cristov?o Tezza, entre outros que buscam compreender e sistematizar as concep??es do te?rico russo. Estima-se que um trabalho que atente para a an?lise da escrita de Saramago possa contribuir tanto para um estudo de seu processo criativo quanto para uma (re)leitura do princ?pio dial?gico de Bakhtin nos dom?nios da Teoria da Literatura.

Thèse (M.A.)--Université Laval, 2008. / Bibliogr.: f. 122-127. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-03-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:25:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_ma_dr_assis.pdf: 486151 bytes, checksum: dc454bd34db10419d7ad2f67fcd29fce (MD5) / O trabalho pretende analisar o processo criativo do escritor português José Saramago, com vistas a demonstrar como Saramago assimila e transforma as matérias lidas e converte-as em escrituras, caracterizando-as como releituras com alta literariedade. Para dar conta desse objetivo adotamos uma perspectiva téorico-metodológica ampla e flexível, recorrendo às contribuições das teorias bakhtinianas sobre a intertextualidade e da Estética da Recepção, que nortearão este estudo e, como texto produzido pelo escritor, o romance O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis. Para atingir este propósito, tornou-se necessário um estudo detalhado da condição desse autodidata atingir, em um alcance máximo, a artisticidade literária pelo viés da linguagem oralizante, permeada de ironia e denúncia social, para tentar perceber os ecos polifônicos das leituras que se aglutinaram para representar, por meio de escritura, a concretização de uma obra inovadora. / This work aims at analyzing the creative process of the Portuguese writer José Saramago in order to show how Saramago assimilates and turns all topics he rereads into great literary works, by making them literature of high quality. In order to reach that goal, the novel O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis, a text produced by Saramago, was selected as the main object of this study. First, an expressional route made by Saramago is traced in the search of a textual framework which shows the way to see and feel the world - a real scripture. To reach this objective, it was necessary to accomplish a detailed study to realize how this self-taught person came to be a remarkable writer in literature through the oral language, full of irony and social denouncement to try to perceive the polyphonic echoes of the reading, which agglutinated to present by, means of scripture, the concretion of an innovator work.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-13T14:50:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-01-17Bitstream added on 2014-08-13T18:01:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000746121_20160117.pdf: 398951 bytes, checksum: 625be02c891d688afca7364aa18f53a8 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2016-01-18T10:43:53Z: 000746121_20160117.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-18T10:44:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000746121.pdf: 1058625 bytes, checksum: 917fd398ea4b320563bf84c35c68be85 (MD5) / Esta dissertação propõe uma análise de Manual de Pintura e Caligrafia (1977) e As Pequenas Memórias (2006), do escritor português José Saramago, procurando destacar suas singularidades, semelhanças e diferenças. Objetiva-se mostrar como o romance Manual de Pintura e Caligrafia, por possuir laivos autobiográficos, é prenúncio do retrato da arte/escrita exercida por Saramago na sua produção literária vindoura, enquanto As Pequenas Memórias, sua autobiografia propriamente dita, exibe o retrato do artista/escritor nos tempos juvenis. Com a escolha dessas obras que representam, respectivamente, o ponto inaugural e o porto de chegada de um projeto autobiográfico que é também literário, pretende-se evidenciar as tensões de gêneros instaladas na autobiografia quando produzida por um ficcionista, bem como a presença de indícios autobiográficos na elaboração de um romance. Para cumprir este propósito, recorreu-se a um aporte teórico-metodológico pautado na fortuna crítica saramaguiana, na reflexão sobre os gêneros romanesco e autobiográfico e nos estudos de análise estrutural da narrativa. Após um caminho minucioso de reflexões acerca dos objetos que presidem a dissertação, efetua-se a comparação entre as narrativas estudadas, evidenciando-se os pontos de semelhança e de contraste entre ambas / This dissertation proposes an analysis of Manual of Painting and Calligraphy (1977) and Memories of my Youth (2006), written by the Portuguese writer José Saramago, seeking to highlight their singularities, similarities and differences. It objectifies to show how the novel Manual of Painting and Calligraphy, for having autobiographical vestiges, is the sign of the portrayal of the art/ writing that will be put into practice in Saramago’s future writing, while Memories of my Youth, his autobiography, shows the portrayal of the artist/writer when his was young. With the choice of these books that represent, respectively, the beginning and the end of an autobiographical and literary project, it intends to consider the genre tensions installed in the autobiography when written by a novelist, as well as the presence of autobiographical vestiges in a novel. To reach this objective, it appeals to a theoreticalmethodological contribution based on specialists of Saramago’s writing, on reflections about novel and autobiography, and on studies of the structural analysis of narrative. After a long way of detailed reflections about the objects of this dissertation, it accomplishes the comparison between the narratives, evidencing the possible connections and differences between both texts

A presente pesquisa objetiva ressaltar a valorização da mulher na obra do autor português José Saramago. Buscou-se encontrar os argumentos que justificam esta proposta através da leitura sistemática de dois de seus textos: Memorial do convento e Ensaio sobre a cegueira. Serviram de objeto de estudo as trajetórias percorridas pelas personagens Blimunda, do primeiro título, e a mulher do médico, do segundo e, assim, foi possível destacar e analisar, com o auxílio de teóricos da literatura e de especialistas na vida e na obra de Saramago, traços que comprovam a importância das mulheres, de modo geral, em suas histórias. Além disso, observou-se, nos excertos aqui contidos e retirados das obras estudadas, o modo como estas mulheres assumem o controle das narrativas das quais fazem parte, assumindo a função de protagonistas. Insta registrar que, assim como elas passam a figurar como personagens principais, também foi importante constatar o olhar analítico lançado por José Saramago, através de suas criações, sobre a condição humana na sociedade contemporânea, apresentanto a mulher como saída para as crises que acometem o homem moderno / This research aims to highlight the exploitation of women in the work of the Portuguese author José Saramago. We tried to find arguments that justify this proposal by systematically reading two of his texts: Memorial do convento and Cegueira. Served as study object trajectories traveled by Blimunda characters from the first title, and the doctor's wife, the second and thus was able to highlight and analyze, with the aid of literary theorists and specialists in the life and work of Saramago, traits that prove the importance of women, generally in their stories. Moreover, it was observed in the extracts contained herein and removed the works studied, how these women take control of the narrative of which they are part, assuming the role of protagonists. Its important to register, as they begin to appear as the main characters, was also important to note the analytical gaze released by José Saramago, through their creations on the human condition in contemporary society, presenting women as output to the crises affecting the modern man

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-11T20:26:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroFernandesDeOliveiraNeto_TESE.pdf: 2584466 bytes, checksum: 9e347c2e43df7f46c48bb2fb7b9db69d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-13T20:53:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroFernandesDeOliveiraNeto_TESE.pdf: 2584466 bytes, checksum: 9e347c2e43df7f46c48bb2fb7b9db69d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T20:53:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroFernandesDeOliveiraNeto_TESE.pdf: 2584466 bytes, checksum: 9e347c2e43df7f46c48bb2fb7b9db69d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Entre as diversas quest?es sobre o sujeito e suas incid?ncias no texto liter?rio, este estudo prefere a de perscrutar acerca de como o tema ? figurado no romance; isto ?, como se constitui e se apresenta entre as aporias do romanesco, que rela??o mant?m com o externo ao texto (a hist?ria, a sociedade), no que interfere na constru??o da narrativa e na forma do romance, quais quest?es suscitam, s?o algumas proposi??es envolvidas numa leitura que compreende Todos os nomes, de Jos? Saramago e N?o entres t?o depressa nessa noite escura, de Ant?nio Lobo Antunes. Esses romances foram elegidos porque se relacionam, respectivamente, a duas das principais correntes da forma romanesca: um mais integrado ao vi?s objetivo e outro ? tradi??o subjetiva. Sem abolir especificidades, mas ciente que essa n?o ? uma rela??o dicot?mica por compreender que o hiato entre as duas formas se resume basicamente a uma maneira de percep??o diversa do romancista sobre a realidade, este estudo se alimenta das duas posi??es no intuito de lidar com especificidades igualmente diversas de figura??o do sujeito no romance. Assim, este estudo dividiu-se nos tr?s momentos ora designados: (1) revisar sobre como o romance tem constru?do uma concep??o de sujeito desde a ruptura mantida com a epopeia. Essa revis?o privilegia tr?s momentos da hist?ria do romance: a epopeia, a verve realista do s?culo XIX e o romance impulsionado pelas novas formas dos anos 1920. Esse exerc?cio ? intermediado pelas leituras de Krysinski (2007), Luc?ks (2009), Z?raffa (2010), Candido (2007), Rosenfeld (1996), Adorno (2003), Benjamin (2012) entre outros; (2) ler Todos os nomes e perscrutar o exerc?cio das personagens centrais do romance - o Sr. Jos?, a mulher desconhecida, o conservador, a senhora do r?s-do-ch?o direito e o espa?o da Conservat?ria por compreend?-la coadjuvante nesse universo; (3) a partir desse mesmo exerc?cio, a leitura de N?o entres t?o depressa nessa noite escura perscruta as figuras de Lu?s Filipe, Margarida, Am?lia, Ana Maria e Maria Clara. Entre as interse??es alcan?adas na rela??o entre as duas obras est? a compreens?o de que o romance se exercita como artefato de conhecimento sobre sujeito e usa a personagem como figura??o sobre suas posi??es ocupadas na contemporaneidade; s?o obras que compreendem a imin?ncia do fim de uma civiliza??o pela forma avariada de coletividade e vida tornada repeti??o invari?vel. E exp?e ao menos duas formas de ruptura dessa condi??o catastr?fica: o sujeito ? a??o e deve sair para o mundo (Jos? Saramago); a desordem n?o apenas social ? individual e o sujeito ? espera enquanto remenda situa??es poss?veis de compreender o est?gio de degrada??o do homem (Ant?nio Lobo Antunes). S?o obras respons?veis por reafirmar o interesse do romance nas exist?ncias mais arredias e silenciosas por entenderem que nelas esconde-se uma capacidade de reanima??o da exist?ncia e ? tarefa do romancista revel?-la. / Among the several questions about the subject and its occurrences in the literary text, the present study intends to search how this theme is represented in the novel; that is, how it is built and represented in the aporias of the romanesque, the relationships it maintains with what is external to the text (history, society), in what it interferes in the narrative construction and in the form of the novel and which questions they arise, are some of the propositions involved in a reading of All the Names, by Jos? Saramago and N?o entres t?o depressa nessa noite escura, by Ant?nio Lobo Antunes. These novels have been chosen because they are related, respectively, to two of the main trends about the form of the novel: one more integrated to an objective view and a second one more integrated to a subjective tradition. Without abolishing the specificities, but aware that the relationship between the subjective and the objective is not a dichotomy because the gap between these two forms is basically the novelist?s distinct way of perception about reality, these two different positions are considered in order to deal with equally diverse specificities of the figuration of the subject in the novel. Thus, this thesis is divided in three following parts: (1) a review of how the novel has built a conception of subject since the rupture with the epic. This review privileges three different moments in the history of the novel: the epic, the realist verve of the 19th Century and the novel moved by the 1920s new forms. This exercise is helped by the readings of Krysinski (2007), Luc?ks (2009), Z?raffa (2010), Candido (2007), Rosenfeld (1996), Adorno (2003), Benjamin (2012) among others; (2) reading All the Names and peering into the main characters of the novel ? Senhor Jos?, the unknown woman, the registrar, the right ground floor lady and the space of the Central Registry that is taken as a support in this universe; (3) considering the aforementioned exercise, the reading of N?o entres t?o depressa nessa noite escura peers into the characters Lu?s Filipe, Margarida, Am?lia, Ana Maria e Maria Clara. Among the intersections between the two books, there is the understanding that the novel is an artifact of knowledge about the subject as a figuration of its positions occupied in the contemporary world; both books understand the imminent end of a civilization by the damaged collectivity and life becoming invariable repetition. At least two other different means of rupture with this catastrophic condition are exposed: the subject is action and has to face the world (Jos? Saramago); the non-exclusively social disarray is individual and the subject is the waiting while he mends the possible situations to understand human degradation (Ant?nio Lobo Antunes). Both books are responsible for reaffirming the interest of the novel in the most reluctant and silent existences, once they understand these existences hide an ability of reanimation whose revelation is a task of the novelist.