本研究旨在探討臺北市國民小學知識管理與學校競爭優勢之現況與兩者間的關係。本研究主要以問卷調查進行研究，以分層取樣方式選取臺北市57所國民小學之877名教師為受試樣本，回收問卷共803份，回收率91.6﹪，有效問卷784份。調查結果以t考驗、單因子變異數分析、積差相關與多元逐步迴歸進行資料分析，所得研究結果如下： 一、臺北市國民小學教師在知識管理各層面中，知覺知識取得最高，知識分享為最低。 二、男性教師在知覺知識分享層面高於女性教師。 三、臺北市國民小學教師在學校競爭優勢各層面中，知覺環境設備優勢最高，學生學習表現優勢最低。 四、男性教師在知覺整體學校競爭優勢及其各層面上的得分，高於女性教師。 五、學校歷史不同的教師在知覺整體學校知識管理及學校競爭優勢確實有差異。 六、整體學校知識管理與學校競爭優勢二者之間呈現高度正相關，意即教師知覺學校知識管理的程度愈高，則學校之競爭優勢愈強。 七、學校知識管理對於整體學校競爭優勢及其各層面的影響均為正向。 最後依據研究結論提出建議，以供教育行政者、學校教師以及後續研究者之參考。 / This study aims at probing the current situations and the relationship between knowledge management and school competitive advantage in elementary schools of Taipei City. Questionnaire was employed to conduct the study. 877 teachers of 57 elementary schools of Taipei City were selected as subjects through stratified sampling method. 803 copies of questionnaires were retrieved. The retrieval rate was 91.6%. There were 784 copies of valid questionnaires which were analyzed by means of t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis, and the results were as follows: 1.Among all facets of knowledge management, the elementary school teachers of Taipei City scored highest in perceptive knowledge, and lowest in knowledge sharing. 2.Male teachers scored higher in perceptive knowledge sharing than their female counterparts. 3.Among all facets of school competitive advantage, the elementary school teacher of Taipei City scored highest in perceptive environment facilities advantage and lowest in students’ learning performance advantage. 4.Male teachers scored higher in holistic perceptive school competitive advantage and its related facets than their female counterparts. 5.Teachers from schools with different historical backgrounds showed differences in holistic perceptive school knowledge management and school competitive advantage. 6.High positive correlation was shown in holistic perceptive school knowledge management and school competitive advantage, meaning the higher teachers’ degrees in perceptive knowledge management the stronger school’s competitive advantage. 7.The impacts of school knowledge management onto the holistic school competitive advantage and its facets were all positive. Suggestions made based on the study results are meant for use as reference for administrators, teachers, and future researchers.