Submitted by Felipe Gomes (ffaffg@gmail.com) on 2017-12-18T19:52:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Gomes - MEX 2016 - FINAL-2_Completo.pdf: 1295396 bytes, checksum: 3da133e451de05e15275b0770b2d702b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-12-19T15:39:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Gomes - MEX 2016 - FINAL-2_Completo.pdf: 1295396 bytes, checksum: 3da133e451de05e15275b0770b2d702b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-26T16:46:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Gomes - MEX 2016 - FINAL-2_Completo.pdf: 1295396 bytes, checksum: 3da133e451de05e15275b0770b2d702b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-04 / This research addresses the theme of innovation management, seeking to identify the main obstacles to the generation of innovations in the electricity sector companies operating in Brazil, studying its intrinsic market and regulatory characteristics, employing the Sectoral Systems of Innovation approach.A qualitative research strategy and an exploratory methodology were adopted through multiple case studies in five electric sector companies, including a documental survey and interviewing of multiple agents.It was verified that the regulatory pressure prevails over the desire to innovate, leading companies to develop ineffective strategies for generating innovations. On the other hand, in an evolutionary process, , it was possible to observe that some companies are starting to differentiate themselves from others by seeking a more active role in the generation of innovations. Also in a process of evolution, it was possible to observe the strengthening of the Sectoral Systems of Innovation, potentially promoting research and development and the consequent generation of innovations.A lack of objective indicators capable of measuring the impact of innovations on the competitive performance of companies present in the Brazilian electricity sector, was a limitation for analyzing them comparatively.The results of this research point to the need of more effective management of innovation for it to induct real competitive advantages for these companies.A more effective management of innovation, and the consequential rise in the generation of innovations, will be a relevant factor in achieving a more diversified energy matrix, with lower environmental impacts and, mainly, lower electricity costs for consumers, thus increasing the country's competitiveness. / A pesquisa aborda a gestão da inovação, buscando identificar os principais entraves à geração de inovações nas empresas do setor elétrico atuantes no Brasil, estudando as características intrínsecas a este setor, tanto mercadológicas quanto regulatórias, por meio da abordagem do sistema setorial de inovação.Adotou-se uma estratégia de pesquisa qualitativa e uma metodologia exploratória por meio de estudos de casos múltiplos em cinco empresas do setor, incluindo levantamento documental e entrevistas a múltiplos agentes.Verificou-se que a pressão regulatória se sobrepõe ao desejo de inovar, fazendo com que as empresas desenvolvam estratégias pouco efetivas para a geração de inovações. Por outro lado, em um processo evolutivo, constatou-se que algumas empresas começam a se diferenciar das demais, ao buscar um papel mais ativo na geração de inovações. Também em um processo de evolução, se constatou o fortalecimento do sistema setorial de inovação, podendo favorecer a pesquisa e desenvolvimento e a consequente geração de inovações.A falta de indicadores objetivos que meçam o impacto de inovações sobre o desempenho competitivo das empresas atuantes no setor, tornou-se uma limitação para a avaliação comparativa entre as empresas. Os resultados encontrados indicam a necessidade de uma gestão mais efetiva da inovação para que ela venha a ser indutora de vantagem competitiva para as empresas. A melhoria da gestão da inovação no setor, e o consequente aumento na geração de inovações, pode ser um fator relevante para se alcançar uma matriz energética mais diversificada, com menor impacto ambiental e, especialmente, com custos de eletricidade mais baixos para os consumidores, aumentando assim a competitividade do país.

[pt] O objetivo desta dissertação é contribuir para o avanço do conhecimento sobre a capacidade de inovação e os obstáculos à inovação enfrentados pelas empresas de serviços de tecnologia da informação, destacando-se o papel da Tecnologia Industrial Básica (TIB) no fortalecimento dessa capacidade. Particularmente, a dissertação busca responder como as empresas deste setor percebem a importância das funções da TIB - metrologia, normalização, regulamentação técnica e avaliação da conformidade - em seus ciclos de inovação, na perspectiva de destacar os benefícios oriundos da consolidação da infraestrutura nacional de serviços tecnológicos de suporte à capacidade inovadora dessas empresas. A metodologia compreende: (i) revisão bibliográfica e documental sobre os temas centrais da dissertação; (ii) definição do objeto do estudo e seleção da fonte primária de dados - Pesquisa de Inovação 2014 (Pintec 2014), do IBGE; (iii) elaboração do plano tabular para solicitação ao IBGE de tabulação especial da Pintec 2014; (iv) análise e discussão dos resultados; e (v) formulação das conclusões da pesquisa e de sugestões para a próxima edição da Pintec e estudos futuros. Destacam-se como resultados: (i) a identificação de itens da Pintec diretamente associados às funções da TIB; e (ii) a análise da percepção das empresas de serviços de tecnologia da informação sobre a relevância das funções da TIB em seus ciclos de inovação. / [en] The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to the advancement of knowledge about innovation capacity and obstacles to innovation faced by information technology service companies, with emphasis on the role of infrastructural technologies (Portuguese acronym, TIB) in strengthening this capacity. In particular, the dissertation seeks to answer how the companies in this sector perceive the importance of the TIB functions - metrology, standardization, technical regulation and conformity assessment - in their cycles of innovation, with a view to highlighting the benefits derived from the consolidation of the national infrastructure of technological services to support the innovative capacity of these companies. The methodology includes: (i) bibliographic and documentary review on the central themes of the dissertation; (ii) definition of the study object and selection of the primary source of data - IBGE s Innovation Research (Pintec 2014); (iii) preparation of the tabular plan for requesting a special tabulation of the Pintec 2014 to IBGE; (iv) analysis and discussion of the results; and (v) formulation of research findings and suggestions for the next edition of Pintec and future studies. The results are as follows: (i) the identification of Pintec 2014 items directly associated with the TIB functions; and (ii) the analysis of companies perception of information technology services on the relevance of TIB functions in their innovation cycles.

The thesis deals with the issue of regional integration of operations and information centres as a part of the Czech Republic Fire and Rescue Service (FRS). The regional fire-fighting rescue teams approached this issue independently, case-by-case, for both technical and human resources needs. The thesis is divided into several parts describing the regional integration activity at operations and information centres within the Czech Republic Fire and Rescue Service. It describes the basis of the regional integration of operations and information centres, legal regulations related to the regional integration activity at operations and information centres and explains some options for the integration operations and information centres. The thesis aims to scrutinize developing a methodology which can assist FRS in the integration of the existing operation and information centres. Such methodology might also serve as a framework for the integration of the police operation centres or emergency services throughout the Czech Republic.

First, this work proposes a study of the origin, elements and application of the Compliance Program or, also named, Regulatory Compliance Program. The aforementioned program is understood as an internal device that corporations use not only to comply with the current legislation but also to prevent and detect legal violations they could be found in or as part of the activities they carry out.Second, it tries to explain and develop the connection between, on one hand, the new risks in the financial and technological development and, on the other hand, Criminal Law as a protective body of important legal assets for society. The aim is to analyze Criminal Compliance to get the corporationto manage its activities under current legislation, especially Criminal Law.In this regard, it enlarges the sectoral developments based on the Peruvian Government’s implementation of the the Compliance Program in the legal framework.Finally, it analyzes the impact of Criminal Compliance in the criminal legal framework. For that end, it refers to the criminal liability system in Peru and in what way it impacts on the application of Criminal Compliance. / El trabajo propone, en primer lugar, un estudio del origen, los elementos y la aplicación del Compliance Program o, también llamado, Programa de Cumplimiento Normativo, entendido como un dispositivo interno que las empresas implementan para cumplir con la normatividad vigente, así como para prevenir y detectar las infracciones legales que se produzcan dentro de las mismas o como parte de las actividades que estas realizan. Asimismo, se intenta explicar y desarrollar la relación entre los nuevos riesgos, debido al desarrollo económico y tecnológico, y el derecho penal como ente protector de bienes jurídicos de importancia para la sociedad. Esto último tiene como finalidad analizar el Criminal Compliance, destinado a que la empresa ordene su actividad conforme a la normativa aplicable, en especial la ley penal. En tal sentido, se desarrolla la aplicación que el Estado peruano ha realizado del referido Programa de Cumplimiento Normativo en el ordenamiento jurídico, en concreto los avances sectoriales. Finalmente, se analiza el impacto del Criminal Compliance en el ordenamiento jurídico penal. Para ello, se hace una referencia al sistema de responsabilidad penal adoptado en el Perú y de qué manera esto impacta en la aplicación del Criminal Compliance.

The insolvency business represents an excellent subject for a wide and diverse range of economic agents and may be the result of complex internal and external factors to the company. Considering these factors, it is assumed the assumption that fundamental analysis fulfills an important role in addressing these issues, whether in character microeconomic or macroeconomic context. In order to investigate the influence and behavior of these factors, identified from the macroeconomic, sectoral, and the fundamentals of companies, we use the statistical method and technique of multivariate discriminant analysis. The main restrictive assumption concerns the relevance of including variables other than those normally used in forecasting models of corporate insolvency. The investigation process is delimited as follows: in spatial terms of specificity and covers large companies with a designation of SA (corporation) a publicly traded operating in Brazil. The time frame considered the year 2008 and covers the macroeconomic and microeconomic variables. And as research design considers the observational study in conjunction with the application of multivariate statistical method and by the statistical technique of discriminant analysis. Given the various studies related to prediction of bankruptcy that are very similar to this research, probably the significance of financial ratios representing the predictor variables normally used in the discriminant model variables and distinctly included in this analysis is relatively similar, where the statistical significance of each of these variables is coherent and consistent in the analysis of insolvency of Brazilian companies. / A insolvência empresarial representa um tema relevante para um conjunto amplo e diversificado de agentes econômicos e pode ser resultado de um complexo de fatores internos e externos à empresa. Tendo em vista estes fatores, assume-se o pressuposto de que a análise fundamentalista cumpre papel relevante ao tratar destes aspectos, sejam eles em caráter microeconômico ou num contexto macroeconômico. No intuito de investigar a influência e o comportamento destes fatores, identificados a partir das variáveis macroeconômicas, setoriais e dos fundamentos das empresas, utiliza-se o método estatístico multivariado e a técnica de análise discriminante. A principal hipótese restritiva se refere à relevância da inclusão de variáveis distintas das normalmente utilizadas em modelos de previsão de insolvência empresarial. O processo de investigação delimita-se da seguinte forma: em termos espaciais e de especificidade, abrange empresas de grande porte com denominação de S.A. (Sociedade Anônima) de capital aberto atuantes no Brasil. A delimitação temporal considera o ano de 2008 e engloba as variáveis macroeconômicas e microeconômicas. E como delineamento de pesquisa considera-se o estudo observacional em conjunto com a aplicação do método estatístico multivariado e mediante a técnica estatística de análise discriminante. Diante dos vários estudos ligados à previsão de insolvência que em muito se assemelham a esta pesquisa, provavelmente a relevância dos índices financeiros que representam as variáveis preditoras normalmente utilizadas no modelo discriminante e as variáveis distintamente incluídas nesta análise seja relativamente semelhante, onde a significância estatística de cada uma destas variáveis seja coerente e consistente no processo de análise de insolvência de empresas brasileiras.

Alors que le risque industriel continue de faire l’objet d’un traitement technocratique et néocorporatiste, dominé par le couple Etat et les entreprises, des politiques locales alternatives du risque se développent au niveau local depuis le début des années 1990. Bien qu’elles traitent le risque, non pas comme un problème technique mais comme un enjeu territorial global, bien qu’elles fassent également primer une logique partenariale, elles ne remettent toutefois pas en cause le compromis expert et industrialiste qui gouverne le risque. A partir de l’exemple de la Vallée de la chimie au sud de Lyon, l’enquête s’interroge sur ce paradoxe en prenant au sérieux la pluralité des espaces où se construisent les politiques du risque. En prenant le partie sociologie localisée des groupes d’intérêts, la thèse prend se focalise spécifiquement sur le rôle des milieux industriels de la chimie pour comprendre la permanence d’un modèle qui favorise leurs intérêts et conduit à une désensibilisation du risque. Elle démontre ainsi que ces derniers savent s’adapter aux différents mode de production des politiques du risque pour mieux les contrôler. En maîtrisant aussi bien les ressorts de l’activité réglementaire que ceux des politiques territoriales, les milieux industriels exercent un travail d’influence qui assure la pérennité d’une approche industrialiste des politiques du risque et garantit in fine un contexte politique favorable au développement des activités industrielles. / In France, industrial risk prevention policy can be described as technocratic and corporatist. State institutions and firms manage risks through high technological instruments. However, since the early nineties, news forms of public hazard policies can be observed. Those local policies defend a non-restrictive definition of industrial hazard and promote open partnerships between local public and private organizations. Despite this, they don’t undermine the industrial and expert features of public hazard policies. Based on the case of Lyon’s suburban industrial area, our study aims to resolve this paradox.With a local approach of the role of interest groups, we focus on the ability of industrial leader to engage in the different forms of government where they can influence local politicians in order to protect their interests. Because they control the risk regulation in one hand, and the territorial policies in the other hand, they are able to maintain a safe political environment for the industrial development.

L’ouverture à la concurrence des marchés de l’électricité et du gaz peine à aboutir aux effets escomptés. Si les directives issues du troisième « paquet » ont été en grande partie transposées au sein des États membres, les obstacles à la réalisation effective d’une Europe de l’énergie demeurent nombreux. Dans ce contexte nébuleux, une surveillance aux yeux d’Argus a émergé. En effet, comme pour forcer le processus de libéralisation, les autorités de concurrence et les autorités de régulation sectorielle redoublent d’efforts pour achever rapidement le marché intérieur de l’énergie, quitte à aller parfois, semble-t-il, à contre-courant de leur mission originelle. D’un côté, les autorités de concurrence semblent de plus en plus enclines à se comporter en « constructeurs » des marchés de l’énergie, agissant davantage sur la structure de ces derniers que sur les comportements dommageables. À l’inverse, les autorités de régulation sectorielle, dont les pouvoirs ne cessent d’être renforcés, sont de plus en plus incitées à détecter les entraves à la concurrence et à les sanctionner. De ce contrôle bicéphale résulte une confusion des rôles qui n’est pas totalement atténuée par la mise en place des « passerelles » entre les deux types de régulateurs. Au demeurant, face à cet enchevêtrement de compétences, les opérateurs évoluent sur des marchés peu propices au jeu de la concurrence et dans un cadre réglementaire aussi complexe qu’instable, sclérosant les investissements nécessaires pour dynamiser ces marchés. Toutefois, le système mis en place, que beaucoup aimeraient voir clarifié, peut être amélioré. Alors qu’une partie de la doctrine appelle à la fusion des autorités, hypothèse pourtant peu réaliste, la voie du réaménagement du cadre de surveillance, basée sur un renforcement de l’interrégulation, mais également sur l’établissement d’une véritable régulation européenne, ne semble pas avoir été suffisamment explorée. / The opening to competition of the markets in gas and electricity has hardly produced the desired impact. To a large extent, the directives flowing from the third package have been transposed amongst the Member States. However, the effective implementation of a European energy is still facing several challenges ahead. With this nebulous background, supervision has become all-seeing, Argus-like. In fact, while competitions authorities and sectoral regulators are significantly stepping up theirs efforts so as to push forward the liberalization process towards the swift completion of the internal energy market, they seem, at times, to work against the grain of their original assignment. On the one hand, competition authorities appear to be increasingly willing to act as « builders » for the energy markets as they tackle market structures rather than harmful behaviours. Conversely, sectoral regulators, with their ever-strengthening powers, are more and more incited to track down and take sanctions against barriers to competition. Such bicephalous management has resulted in a confusion of roles which has not been alleviated by the « bridges »built between both types of regulators. At any rate, in the face of such a tangled web of competences, operators find themselves in markets that are not very conducive to competition and in a regulatory framework which is both volatile and complex, thereby paralysing the investments required to render such markets more dynamic. The system as it stands may still be improved and many would like to see it clarified. Although the prospect is not very realistic, some commentators have called for the merger of authorities. It appears nonetheless that reworking the supervision framework with a view to strengthening inter-regulation but also implementing actual European regulations is a route that has not yet been sufficiently explored.

Magister Administrationis - MAdmin / Through South African labour legislation, bargaining councils are empowered to conclude collective agreements between employers and trade unions. While bargaining councils were created for virtually every sector within the South African private sector, only one bargaining council exists for the public sector. This public sector bargaining council is known as the Public Service Co-ordinating Bargaining Council (PSCBC). The PCSBC subsequently established four sectoral councils to further collectively bargain on matters pertaining to sectoral issues relevant to the sector it represents. However, the PSCBC remains the apex of these four public service sectoral bargaining councils. This thesis focuses on how the Public Service Co-ordinating Bargaining Council (PSCBC) contributes to social dialogue within South African public service. This thesis seeks to fill a significant literature gap on collective bargaining as accomplished by the PSCBC. The thesis briefly examines the history of collective bargaining in the South African public service. The research methodology utilised includes information gleaned from annual reports published by the PSCBC. Interviews of selected stakeholders such as government officials and labour organisations involved in the PSCBC were conducted. The PSCBC objectives are identified and analysed against the performance of the PSCBC for the period 1997 to 2007. The relevant PSCBC role players are identified. The power realities between these role players are reflected. The criteria for remaining a party to these PSCBC will be explained. The thesis holds that historically an adversarial relationship existed between the state as employer and the recognised trade unions. The establishment of the PSCBC created the opportunity for the historical adversaries between an employer and trade union to be converted into social dialogue interactions, which are commonly believed to be a better approach in resolving their differences. / South Africa

Dans une série d'essais empiriques, cette thèse analyse les effets de la diversification productive sur la volatilité et la productivité dans les pays riches en ressources naturelles. Dans le premier chapitre, je montre que bien que les ressources naturelles affectent négativement la croissance économique en augmentant la volatilité, les pays riches en ressources peuvent compenser les effets déclencheurs de la volatilité des ressources en diversifiant leurs économies. Les pays dont la structure de production est initialement plus diversifiée, ou qui parviennent à se diversifier au cours de leur développement économique, sont susceptibles de bénéficier de leur dotation en ressources. Dans le deuxième chapitre, j’explique que les pays riches en ressources disposés à diversifier leurs économies pour stimuler leur productivité sont confrontés à deux choix; soit développer des industries axées sur les ressources, soit diversifier leur économie dans son ensemble vers de nouvelles activités qui ne dépendent pas nécessairement des ressources naturelles. L’analyse empirique montre que la diversification par les liens vers l’aval du secteur de l'exploitation minière ne conduit pas à des améliorations de productivité. En revanche, l'élargissement et la diversification de la structure de production dans son ensemble offrent des potentiels de croissance de la productivité à des niveaux de revenus plus élevés. Dans le troisième chapitre, j’analyse la relation entre la diversification et la volatilité du point de vue du réseau de production constitué par l’ensemble des liens d’approvisionnement entre secteurs. Je trouve que l'emplacement d'un secteur au sein du réseau et son influence sur d'autres secteurs ont des effets contradictoires sur le risque que les fluctuations subies par ce secteur génèrent une volatilité agrégée. Les secteurs situés dans des régions denses du réseau ont un effet atténuant sur la volatilité globale via les effets de substitution, tandis que ceux qui sont plus influents et au centre d'un réseau fortement asymétrique génèrent des fluctuations globales via les effets de contagion et les liaisons intersectorielles. Ceux-ci suggèrent que la répartition et la structure des liens interindustriels jouent un rôle important dans la façon dont la diversification conditionne l'impact des chocs idiosyncrasiques sur la volatilité globale. / In a series of empirical essays, this thesis looks at the various intertwining aspects of growth volatility and productive diversification in resource-rich countries. In the first chapter, I find that while natural resources adversely affect economic growth by increasing growth volatility, resource-rich countries can offset the volatility-triggering effects of natural resources by diversifying their economies. Countries that start off with more diversified production structure or are able to diversify as they develop are likely to benefit from their resource endowment. In the second chapter, I discuss the fact that resource-rich countries willing to diversify their economies are faced with dual policy options; to either develop resource-based industries, or diversify their economies as a whole into new activities not necessarily dependent on natural resources. The empirical analysis shows that diversification through downstream and forward linkages to mining does not lead to productivity enhancements. However, broadening and diversifying the production structure as a whole offer potentials for productivity growth at higher levels of income. In the third chapter, I look at the relation between diversification and volatility from a production network perspective, composed of input-output linkages across sectors. I find that the location of a sector within the production network and its influence on other sectors have conflicting effects on the risk that sectoral shocks lead to aggregate volatility. Sectors that are located in dense parts of the network have a mitigating effect on aggregate volatility via substitution effects, while those that are more influential and central in a strongly asymmetrical network generate aggregate fluctuations via contagion effects and inter-industry linkages. These suggest that the distribution and the network structure of inter-industry linkages play an important role into how diversification conditions the impact of idiosyncratic shocks on aggregate volatility.

The diploma thesis captures the contemporary security situation of Slovakia, identifies security problems by which it feels threatened, then goes on to point out whom and what Slovakia wants to protect and which strategy it plans to use in order to do that. At the same time it identifies the main insecurities of EU as a whole and those of Russia. These two powers are seen to play a major role in formation of relationships of amity and enmity, of cooperation and hostility in European regional security supercomplex of which, Slovakia is inseparable part. To describe and conduct analysis, author applies theories and analytical tools formulated by Copenhagen School. Most used were analytical frameworks and concepts of securitization, regional security complexes and sectoral approach to security.