Thesis deals with physical activity as a leisure time spending in the 20th century. It compares two organizations which provide conditions for developing physical fitness the Sokol and fitness center. The theoretical part is focused on detailed description of both organizations and basic terms of the topic. The practical part is based on an assumption that today society needs to spend time on active leisure. It uses information obtained from a question-form and observation in order to determine positive influence of both organizations on the society. There is also a comparison of the Sokol and fitness center which is based on outcome from gathered data. Obtained information and theoretical premise are compared at the end of the thesis.