Spelling suggestions: "subject:"sequestration"" "subject:"sequestrations""
1 |
Relações alométricas em Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit / Allometric relations for Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de WitAleixo, Valdemir 27 July 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Valdemir Aleixo.pdf: 13557960 bytes, checksum: cdf0545cf265f7d10d1a23d077c3da31 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2006-07-27 / Concern with increase carbon dioxide emissions has fostered several studies throughout scientific knowledge. The greenhouse effect is recognized as necessary for Earth surface colonization. However, modern day carbon dioxide and other greenhouse effect gases are blamed for atmosphere warming and its catastrophic effects. Both the Kyoto treat and the policy of Mechanism of Clean Development have instigated new approaches to reward actions that result in carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was to calculate simple allometric equations in order to estimate above and below ground dry biomass from Leucaena leucocephala individuals of various sizes from the Marechal Candido Rondon county. The results indicated that the decreasing order of leucaena biomass are stem > branches > roots > leaves. Independently of individual size, 24 % of total dry biomass sampled in this study was located below ground and 76 % above ground. Log transformed linear equations using CBH (circumference at breast height) as independent variable was statistically significant (P<0.05) to estimate leucaena total dry biomass / Atualmente, a preocupação com as emissões do dióxido de carbono (CO2) e o seu elevado nível de concentração na atmosfera tem impulsionado muitos estudos nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento, com o intuito de barrar ou diminuir esse, que se torna, cada vez mais, um grande problema para a sociedade moderna. É de conhecimento que o CO2 contribui com o efeito estufa e, sem ele, não seria possível o desenvolvimento da vida na terra como a conhecemos hoje. Mas, a concentração
dos gases efeito estufa chegou a níveis elevados e sua conseqüência certamente será desastrosa. O efeito estufa causa o aquecimento global do planeta terra e, em conseqüência disso, o descongelamento de geleiras, a desregulação climática, entre
outros fatores que influenciam diretamente na evolução natural dos ecossistemas. Essa problemática é tema de discussão de toda comunidade científica e se intensificou a partir de 1997 com o estabelecimento do Protocolo de Kyoto (atualmente Tratado de Kyoto), que contempla em suas premissas o MDL
(Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo) que visa favorecer a quem estiver cultivando espécies florestais. Este propósito trouxe grande expectativa para muitos pesquisadores, que direcionaram seus trabalhos a fim de construir modelos e
sistemas para quantificação de biomassa e determinação do carbono fixado em espécies florestais. Este ensaio foi desenvolvido no Município de Marechal Cândido Rondon PR, com o objetivo de ajustar equações que permitam estimar a biomassa aérea e subterrânea (biomassa total) para Leucaena Leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit em diferentes tamanhos. A L. leucocephala é uma leguminosa perene, originária da América Central e foi dispersada para outras partes do mundo devido ao seu rápido crescimento, boa adaptação e grande diversidade na utilização. Por ser uma espécie exótica e invasora, atualmente a L. leucocephala vem dominando os ecossistemas, o que pode ser considerado um grande problema do ponto de vista biológico. Não foi encontrado na literatura informações sobre a quantificação de biomassa L. Ieucocephala, além de suas utilidades, principalmente como suplementação protéica na alimentação de animais. A fim de contribuir com informações sobre a biometria para L. leucocephala, o trabalho foi realizado por método direto (destrutivo), com posterior análise dos dados e ajuste de equações simples que tornaram possível estimar a biomassa em diferentes componentes e tamanhos. Para estimar a
potencialidade da L. leucocephala na fixação do carbono, foi utilizado o fator de conversão 0,5, ou seja, 50% da biomassa é composta por carbono. Do total da biomassa e do carbono para L. leucocephala em diferentes tamanhos, 24% corresponde à porção da raiz, e 76% corresponde à porção aérea. De forma geral a biomassa total apresentou a seguinte distribuição: fuste > galhos > raízes > folhas
|
2 |
'n Kritiese evaluasie van skuldverligtingsmaatreëls vir individue in die Suid-Afrikaanse Insolvensiereg (Afrikaans)Roestoff, Melanie 16 January 2003 (has links)
The issue addressed in this study is whether the South African insolvency law provides adequate debt relief measures to deal with the growing problem of overindebtedness amongst individuals. Against the background of a historical and comparative investigation this study focuses on a critical evaluation of debt relief measures provided for by the Insolvency Act 24 of 1936 as well as the alternative measures outside the ambit of the Insolvency Act. Although it is not a prime object of the Insolvency Act to afford the individual debtor a discharge of pre-sequestration debts it is a consequence of sequestration after rehabilitation of the debtor. Nevertheless, sequestration followed by rehabilitation is not readily available as a debt relief measure. This can mainly be attributed to the advantage for creditors requirement that can be viewed as an impediment to obtaining a fresh start for many individual debtors. This is also the debtor's position regarding debt relief provided by the procedure of composition in terms of the Insolvency Act, as it is currently only available after sequestration As far as creditors' interests are concerned, the efficiency of this requirement may also be questioned as statistics indicate that the sequestration process is implemented in instances where doing so is not cost-effective. It is furthermore submitted that the current alternative debt relief measures provided for by South African law are inadequate and that the problems encountered in practice regarding friendly sequestrations can to a great extent be attributed to this fact. In order to reserve sequestration for extreme cases, insolvency law reform aimed at preventing implementation of the sequestration process when doing so is not cost-effective is recommended. However, it is emphasised that these recommendations should only be implemented if provision is made for an adequate alternative debt relief measure that would accommodate debtors whose estates do not justify a concursus creditorum. It is submitted that the administration procedure in terms of section 74 of the Magistrates' Courts Act 32 of 1944 should be adjusted to offer the required debt relief by inter alia affording the debtor a discharge of his debts. It is furthermore submitted that this procedure should be combined with the pre-liquidation composition proposed by the South African law commission and that the combined procedure should only be open for implementation if an informal arrangement, coupled with debt counselling, cannot be reached. As regards international guidelines for insolvency law reform it is contended that South Africa should follow the example of other systems by fully embracing the fresh start approach. With regard to rehabilitation in terms of the Insolvency Act it is submitted that the automatic rehabilitation of bona fide debtors after three years should be the point of departure. Regarding assets excluded from the insolvent estate recommendations aimed at enabling the debtor to continue his household as a social and economic unit are made. In the end, South African insolvency law reform should seek to find a balance between debtors' and creditors' interests. It is submitted that the current proposals for insolvency law reform will not achieve this objective. / Dissertation (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Procedural Law / unrestricted
|
Page generated in 0.0715 seconds