Incidence of injury is currently the third leading cause of death in the Czech Republic. A good link between pre-hospital emergency care and hospital care becomes a priority. Nurses play an important role during an acute admission of patients with trauma to in-hospital care, they are the connecting link of all members of the multidisciplinary team, whose common mission is the patient and saturation of his /her needs. With the changing role of nurses in the modern concept of nursing, nurses become equal partners of physicians and other health care professionals. To be accepted by other members of the team and to be able to work with the full extent of her sphere of action in the acute phase of a trauma patient admission, she has to know perfectly her competencies under the applicable legislation. In the theoretical part the roles and responsibilities of nurses under the applicable legislation are defined. There are also chapters dealing with individual injuries and the organization of care for patients with trauma. In the final section of the theoretical part there is a chapter dealing with the holistic care for patients, including ethical care issues, the role of a patient and the importance of cooperation with the family of the trauma patient who is acutely admitted into the hospital. In the empirical part of the thesis three objectives were stated. To determine the cooperation of nurses with other members of the multidisciplinary team, as well as to find out whether the nurses involved in the admission of a trauma patient into hospital know their own competencies under the Decree No. 424/2004 Coll. The third objective was to determine how trauma patients perceive the process of admission to the hospital. Based on these objectives two hypotheses and two research questions were established. The objectives were successfully met, both hypotheses were confirmed and the questions answered. The research was conducted on the basis of a quantitative qualitative survey at departments of selected hospitals where the patients with acute trauma emergency were directed by emergency medical services. For the quantitative research the interviewing method using questionnaires was selected. Interviews with patients were conducted by the qualitative research method. The respondents were 117 nurses and 5 patients.

This thesis deals with rights and responsibilities of nurses at performance of medical profession. The theoretical part summarizes basic terms regarding the given issue.The first aim of this thesis was to map fields of rights and responsibilities of nurses at performance of their medical profession. The second aim was to evaluate an area of respecting the rights and responsibilities of nurses at performance of medical profession. The next step was to determine five research questions processed in detail in the practical part of the thesis.For answering these research questions four hypotheses were determined. These were also processed in the practical part of the work.The research was done by qualitative quantitative method. Research for the qualitative part was done according to the structured interview by open questions. Research for the quantitative part was done by a method of enquiry using an anonymous questionnaire. Research set for the qualitative part consisted of head nurses of medical institutes of Southern and Western region of the Czech Republic. The results of the research of qualitative and quantitative part are processed in detail in a practical part of the thesis. The interviews carried out with respondents in the qualitative part were rewritten and every answer was subsequently processed into schemes for clear arrangement. The results of quantitative part were statistically elaborated in SPSS program into tables.Each hypothesis was statistically proved. The results of the research could help to reveal the gaps in the field of rights and responsibilities of nurses at performance of medical profession. They can be used not only by lead management of medical organization for motivation and support of nurses but also for quality improvement in the fields of rights and responsibilities of nurses and other medics.

Introduction: The shortage of nurses is a global problem of a multifactorial nature, to which demographic change in the world's population contributes greatly. In the future, a growing imbalance in the supply and demand of nursing staff can be expected, and according to WHO estimates (2015), the deficit of nurses and midwives will reach 7.6 million in 2030. The lack of nurses is largely due to their turnover, which is influenced by a number of interrelated factors and has a negative impact on the quality and safety of health care, the economy, health systems and the nurses themselves. The first step in solving this issue is to examine the causes of institutional and professional turnover of nurses and then create stabilization measures. Aim: Identify, characterize and analyse the factors that influenced the decision to change the current job position of general nurses with more than two years of experience. Methodology: Qualitative research was carried out through individual semi-structured interviews, phenomenological approach and method of purposeful selection was methodologically chosen. The research survey was attended by 14 general nurses from Prague hospitals aged 30 to 52 years. Data collection was terminated by reaching theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed using open coding...

This graduation thesis is concerned with the question of change in the area of medical education in the Czech Republic. The main emphasis is on analyzing the system of lifelong study for general nurses, in both its current form and the one that is in preparation now. This research presents a summary of the findings on the educational system for nurses. The current methods were set by the Act 96/2004 Coll. law and subsequent changes and amendments thereof. A new law on non-medical professions has been prepared. Both of these documents are essential for the practical as well as theoretical part of the analysis. In the practical part empirical research was carried out in which the author sounds out the views of selected groups of respondents belonging to non-medical professions on the current and future form of the medical education for non-medical professionals.

The fluctuation of nursing staff in the medical facilities is not just current problem in the Czech Republic. Aging population will present higher demand for number of nursing staff. It is assumed that the insufficient number of nursing staff will remain and even rise (also due to aging of the staff) if appropriate actions are not taken (Simoens et al., 2005). This thesis discusses the decision to migrate amongst the nursing staff - general nurses, practical nurses, midwives, and emergency paramedics within the medical facility. It analyses the reasons for changing their workplace. The investigation was executed using the questionnaire method. It was conducted in January and February of 2020 in the selected medical facility in the Czech Republic. Total of 701 questionnaires were distributed to all inpatient wards, outpatient departments and intensive care units. The investigation targeted nursing medical staff. A statistical analysis of the results was performed Mann-Whitney U test was used to monitor the differences for decision to migrate based on various characteristics and responses. Total of 415 completed questionnaires were analysed in this investigation. 61/415 (14.7 %) responders consider the change of workplace. The most common nursing staff members to consider the change were general...

The thesis analyses causes of the lack of medical workers providing nursing care in inpatient facilities and observes in broader connections the progress of present staff condition. By means of managerial methods for determining number of nursing staff, it discovers, whether it is possible to define the number of nurses in inpatient medical facilities as insufficient, or whether the present number of nurses is critical with its origin in lack of other nursing employees. This thesis is supposed to show that the lack of nurses is not only a problem in the last few years, but it has been here since the beginning of the 20th century and it has been connected with all social events to present days. Starting point of the evaluation of the situation will be a brief historical excursus with a brief analysis of professional, legislative and social impacts which influenced the number of nursing employees in the past and their consequences up to now. It studies the methods of determining, attracting and hiring the nursing emplyees. The theoretical part will state and analyse determination of necessary nursing employees for inpatient wards according to managerial viewpoint. After 1989, there was an attempt to change the planned health care system by implementing modern namagerial activities. In the end, the...

v anglickém jazyce: The thesis deals with the history of nurses association in Czechoslovakia, namely, with the first association of graduate nurses existing in the country from its foundation until its termination during the WWII. The introduction focuses on the description of legal foundations and the explanation of the principle of freedom of association. The subsequent historical-theoretical section presents the issue of history of nursing and especially nursing education which significantly influenced all subsequent efforts in the area of nurses association and was closely linked with the activities of the association. A detailed description of the activities of the association and the then applicable rules regarding association in the light of known facts maps the activities of the first organized graduate nurses association using the method of document study. The thesis is based predominantly on primary and secondary sources and other available literary sources. The aim is to provide detailed information on the timeline of the existence of the association, to define the activities of its members and their credit in the foundation of professional association of nurses. The text explains and provides evidence of discrepancies found between archival materials and public documents. Keywords:...

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia. The quality of atrial fibrillation treatment in clinical practice varies between hospitals and doctors. Due to the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation in the more elderly population, it might be difficult in the future to refer patients to a limited number of heart specialists. At the same time, a new generation of University educated nurses is growing, but, unfortunately, their competencies are as low as their colleagues' with high-school education. However, in some areas, such as diabetology or gastroenterology, specialist nurses, whose aim is to supplement medical doctors to some extent, are gradually occurring. In the Czech Republic, there are no specialist nurses in cardiology, even though they are quite common abroad. Our aim is to assess the feasibility of a specialist nurse for diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation. Methods: Main inclusion criterion for our study was a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation made on one of the non-internal medicine wards or in the general practitioners' practice. An exclusion criterion was previous examination by one of the heart specialists either internal medicine doctor or a cardiologist. During the first interview, I checked previous investigations for the atrial fibrillation and the arrhythmia treatment. The questionnaire contained questions on demographic parameters and patients' knowledge about their disease and possible complications. Subsequently, I recorded my recommendations regarding further investigations and therapeutic possibilites. All patients were sent to a cardiologist as required by our national guidelines. The second interview was made over the phone 2 months later and comparison of the doctor's recommendations with my suggestions was made. During this interview, an assessment of the concept of a nurse specialist in atrial fibrillation was performed. Results: Forty patients with atrial fibrillation documented on an ECG were recruited. At a time of the first interview, only 10 patients (25%) had their echocardiogram performed and only 23 (57,5%) patients had their thyroid gland hormones checked. 26 (65%) patients were on anticoagulation medicine while CHADS2-Vasc score of 2 and more was documented in 34 (85%) patients. There was an agreement between doctor's and nurse's recommendations regarding missing investigations and anticoagulation treatment. However, no agreement was achieved in the area of arrhythmia treatment, which means that this should remain a doctor's responsibility. Patients were informed about possible complications in only 11 (27,5%) cases and about all therapeutic options in 2 (5%) cases. 29 (72,5%) patients would be interested in consulting a specialist nurse in the future, whereas 11 (27,5%) patients would prefer a doctor. Results: We managed to confirm that the novel concept of a specialist nurse for the diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation is feasible. The specialist nurse is able to confirm the diagnosis, check the completeness of the investigations, educate patients and assess the risk of the thromboembolic disease. Competencies of the nurses should be extended, so this concept could be introduced into the clinical practice.

Czech health care and nursing is undergoing a significant transformation during the last years and it touches the changes in the education of health professionals. There are changing demands on the training, on the knowledge level and also on the graduate profile in accordance with the recommendations of the Europlan Union. Following these recommendations the requirements of lifelong education of nurses are also profiled. E-learning education is an important tool in use in the educational process of nursing and an effort to use processes of nursing care based on evidence.The aim of the study was to determine how nurses use e-learning in lifelong education and whether nurses prefer classical forms of education to e-learning, to map whether they have possibilities of e-learning within the facilities they work in and whether there is a sufficient supply of e-learning courses supporting lifelong education of nurses in the Czech Republic. The last goal of the study was to create an e-learning course focused on specific problems at the orthopedic ward of the Hospital Tábor, a.s. In relation to the objectives the following hypotheses were designed: H1-Nurses with university education use e-learning more than non-graduates. H2-Nurses with university education consider e-learning in clinical practice for more beneficial than traditional forms of education, unlike non-graduate nurses. H3-Nurses with clinical practice shorter than 5 years prefer e-learning more often than nurses with practice longer than 5 years. For the thesis was selected a quantitave survey form using anonymous questionnaries that were distributed electronically to the individual clinical departments. The research sample consisted of registered nurses according to Act 96/2004 Coll., As amended, from specialized outpatient clinical departments of 16 providers of medical facilities in the Czech Republic. The questionnaries were processed by matrix method in Excel 2013 and the results were converted into graphs and tables using descriptive statistics. A statistical evaluation of hypotheses was made as well. Hypotheses were tested by chi-square test in contingency tables. The selected level of significance was 5%.Results: Nurses mostly use e-learning to get professional information for nursing care. The most common reason for not using or even rejection of e-learning by nurses is that this form of education does not suit them. Most nurses do not have the opportunity to e-learning in facilities where they work and also they cannot implement the knowledge gained by e-learning. The offer of e-learning courses over time is constantly changing and evolving, some courses have even completely disappeared. A course offer is sufficient, although nurses miss some types of courses. There was to create an e-learning course "Collection of biological material, or how not make mistakes in the pre-analytic phase" focusing on specific problematic aspects of blood collection within the medical facility Hospital Tábor,a.s. The results of the survey will be together with the e-learning course given to the leading management of the Hospital Tábor,a. s.

The thesis presented consists of two parts: a theory and the empirical part. The theory is introduced with a brief survey of the history of the patient centred care followed with current trends in nursing. It is followed with the three key areas determining nursing care. The first one consists of the objective factors - the health care system. The second area is formed by the factors associated with the practical implementation of nursing. The third area is devoted to the role of the patient and his surroundings. Objective of the thesis: The mapping of the factors influencing patient-oriented care by the nursing staff and management in various health care institutions. Research group The research group consisted of 11 female respondents state-registered nurses, aged from 24 to 58 years of age. The respondents varied in their position, level of education, and specialization, and they worked in various health-care institutions. Among them, there were 6 registered nurses, 4 ward nurses, and 1 head nurse. The willingness to cooperate and the saturation of responses were principal in forming the research team in question. The way adopted for achieving of the objective A qualitative research method has been chosen to achieve the goal. The phenomenological focus of the work has led to the selection of the method. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The findings were further categorized and confronted with the source material to answer the research questions. Results The research confirms the nursing care is a complex phenomenon. The recently-adopted health care legislation shows a shift from the paternalistic concept of care on behalf of the right of the patient to self-determination. On the other hand, however, the principle of solidarity the basis of the health care system in the Czech Republic retains some paternalismus, and that can negatively affects the relationship of the patient to the nursing staff in some cases. The respondents are in agreement as to the notion of PCC but a single one respondent knows its concept. The possibility of putting the PCC in practice is hampered by a wide range of factors. According to the respondents, the major obstacle is the undernumerousness of the nursing staff, resulting in the omnipresent time stress. The excessive red-tape demands have been seen as the almost equally important factor, together with the lack of continuity of care, but also the fast-and-loose approach of some nurses. The evaluation of the cooperation between staff nurses at the bed and the nurses in senior positions differed. Staff nurses see the problem in cooperation with their superiors, lacking appreciation of their work. Management, i.e. head nurses and ward nurses are often seen as systemic obstacles. The research investigation also shows insufficient cooperation with the patient's family. Permanent changes in the nursing education concept are seen as a hindrance to the problem solution. Regretfully, the actual approach of a nurse often slides down from a vocation to a mere employment. Conclusion The problems identified in the healthcare system indicate a wide range of factors influencing the relations between the nursing staff and patients. Multidimensional patient care concepts and examples from our healthcare system illustrate how clinical, structural, and interpersonal factors can interact in the relations between nursing staff and patient. The PCC concept should enable any health-care provider to set ways to improvement the care rendered and to motivate the caring staff to adopting it.