A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johanneaburg, in fulfilment of the requirerments for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / In this work a new high speed metal forming process is experimentally and theoretically investigated and discussed. The high speed metal forming is carried out in a liquid shock tube. The pressure energy of a liquid shock wave, which is generated non-explosively is used to form the metal workpiece.(abbreviation abstract) / Andrew Chakane 2019

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

A new method of measuring intracellular Na and K using Li substitution was applied to a study of vascular smooth muscle and red cell Na changes in haemorrhagic shock. A rat haemorrhagic shock model was used. Controlled haemorrhage was allowed with a syringe reservoir and the arterial blood pressure was maintained at 30 mm Hg. In a pilot study, using 20 rats, the plasma Na and plasma K were monitored. A fall in plasma Na and a rise in plasma K were observed. Both returned towards normal following retransfusion and recovery for one hour. In vascular smooth muscle, significant changes in both cell Na and K occurred following a 2 hour period of haemorrhagic shock. The vascular smooth muscle cell Na in control animals was 27.0±1.5 mEq/kg dry weight and 42.7±1.4 mEq/kg dry weight in the shocked animals (P<0.001). The cell K was 127.8±6.0 in the control animals and 74.7±4.2 in the shocked animals. In red cell studies, significant increases in red cell Na were found. The red cell Na in controls was 7.09±0.29 mEq/litre cells, whilst in the shocked animals the red cell Na was 8.26±0.33 mEq/litre cells (P<0.025). This was associated with a small but not statistically significant fall in red cell K. In both sets of experiments, the plasma Na and K were monitored and similar changes to those of the pilot study were found. Following retransfusion and recovery for 1 hour in the vascular tissue study and 2 hours in the red cell study, no significant recovery of cellular Na or K occurred. The results of these studies are consistent with a significant impairment of cell membrane function in haemorrhagic shock. The importance of both normal vascular responses and red cell function following severe haemorrhage is obvious. The fact that both may be impaired may have important implications in relation to the treatment and prognosis of haemorrhagic shock. / Medicine, Faculty of / Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Department of / Graduate

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Objetivo: Determinar la relación existente entre las variables de hipoperfusión tisular a la admisión y la mortalidad en pacientes con shock séptico atendidos en el servicio de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional en pacientes mayores de 17 años con diagnostico de shock séptico admitidos al servicio de cuidados intensivos durante el periodo de Enero 2003 a Mayo 2006, que cumplieron con criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos. Resultados: Durante el periodo del estudio se hospitalizaron 734 pacientes reclutándose a 75 pacientes, de los cuales 30 constituyeron el grupo de sobrevivientes y 45 el grupo de fallecidos. La edad promedio fue de 63,5 años. El sexo masculino prevaleció sobre el femenino, registrándose 46 varones (61.4 %) y 29 mujeres(38,6 %). Conclusiones: En el presente estudio niveles de lactato superiores a 4 mmol/l, déficit de base por debajo de menos 4, gradiente de CO2 >5 mmHg y una relación ΔPCO2(v-a)/C(a-v)O2 > 1.4, alcanzaron una significativa correlación con la mortalidad (p=0.000). La inclusión del puntaje APACHE II en asociación con las mismas variables alcanzaron mayor significación estadística cuando este superaba los 20 puntos (p=000). En el análisis de correlaciones múltiples se observó que la gradiente de CO2 y la relación ΔPCO2(v-a)/C(a-v)O2 estuvieron fuertemente ligadas con la mortalidad respectivamente (p=0.000).

Thesis (M.D.)--Boston University