Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom intervjuer med tre medelålders kvinnor, ta del av deras upplevelser av Adventsmarknaden och friluftsmuséets Lilla Julmarknad i Gamla Linköping. Genom intervjuer och deltagande observation vid marknaderna undersöker jag på vilket sätt informanterna besöker en marknad och hur deras syn på shopping och service styr deras besök. Uppsatsen belyser hur de shoppar när de besöker en marknad, hur de ser på service och hur detta påverkar deras upplevelse. Slutsatsen av denna studie är kortfattat att de besöker marknaden, och shoppar på tre skilda sätt. De definierar och uppskattar service på olika sätt och handlar olika typer av varor. Vidare handlar det om hur tre kvinnor använder sig av marknaden för att passa in i en större gemenskap där julmarknaden är ett standardiserat val. / The purpose of this paper is through interviews with three middle-aged women, learn about their experiences of the Christmas market in Old Linköping. Through interviews and participant observation at the markets, I examine how the informants visiting a market and how their approach to shopping and services guide their visits. The essay illustrates how they shop when they visit a market, how they look at the service and how this affects their experience. The conclusion of this study is briefly that they visit the market by different purposes, and buy things in three different ways. They define and appreciate service in different ways and buy different types of goods. Furthermore, it is about how three women use the market to fit into a larger community where the Christmas market is a standardized choice.

With the growth of the overall economy, various kinds of new-type service industries have developed well and rooted in Taiwan around the past 20 years, and become the crucial industry in our society. To succeed under the keen competition, most the owners of the retail stores look forward to raise the level of the satisfaction of shopping from the material level to the spiritual one; they want to attract the consumers with the comfortable and cozy shopping environment they mold. Crowding is a common phenomenon in Taiwan. The department stores and other retail stores are often packed with the crowd on weekends and special festivals. Such crowded shopping spaces always make consumers feel uncomfortable and even scare them away for that it is hard to enjoy the happiness of shopping under this kind of circumstance. Consumers can make themselves feel better by changing their behaviors or their mind set, which is called coping. The emotions caused by the crowdedness may influence the adoption of the coping behaviors, also, lead to the change of the consumer satisfaction. Many research have studied the implication of the coping behavior in the crowded situation, but few were focused on the retail crowding one; therefore, based on the theories of the coping behaviors and the results of the focus group interview, this study developed a set of operational definitions of the coping behaviors under the retail crowding situation. To measure the response of the consumers in the retail crowding situation, this study use two different levels of crowding pictures to design eight different scenarios. The results conclude a path which shows how does the retail crowding influence the consumer satisfaction through the motivation and the occasion of shopping, emotion, and the coping behaviors. The finding of the research is as followed. ¢¹. The more crowded the retailers are, the stronger sense of the negative emotions the consumers have. Besides, the negative emotions toward the others are especially stronger than the negative emotions toward the environment. Both type of the emotion have direct effects on the consumer satisfaction. ¢º. The motivation and the occasion (holiday effect) for shopping can not be the moderators between perceived crowding and emotion. ¢». Consumers will adopt different kinds of coping behavior according to their emotion. ¢¼. Behavioral coping and emotional coping are the intervening factors between emotion and consumer satisfaction. ¢½. The adoption of the behavioral coping will decrease the consumer satisfaction; however, the adoption of the emotional coping can increase it.

A very distinguished point of online marketing is that it can collect data about the consumers* shopping processes rather than the shopping results only. That is, it cannot only collect order data but also the browsing and shopping cart data. So far, the browsing records have been used to analyze the Web server traffic. However, regarding the analysis of shopping cart data, it has not been found in any marketing research yet. The purpose of this study is trying to verify the value of shopping cart data by examining whether it can improve the performance of the marketing communication decisions. According to Source-Message-Media-Receiver (SMMR) communication model, there are three important Web marketing communication decisions. These decisions are who are the target customers, what message should be communicated, and how to communicate. For each above marketing communication decision, in order to check whether the data from shopping cart can improve its performance, this research proposed an algorithm that integrates the shopping cart data into each decision process. Three hypotheses have been proposed in terms of the value of each new proposed algorithm. Three experiments have been implemented to test these hypotheses. The results reveal that the proposed algorithms can improve the performance of the marketing communications decisions. However, it is only a starting point to integrate the shopping cart data into the marketing research. As the online shopping becomes more popular, it is worthwhile to put more efforts to understand the details about the value of the online shopping cart data.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes special study report entitled: A comparative study on the spatial structure of shopping place. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-218).

In recent years, a renewed interest has blossomed in rail travel and rail investment. However, federal funding constraints for new transit projects threaten the feasibility of urban rail network construction and expansion. In response, the public sector has begun to consider alternative financial mechanisms including value capture. As new construction expands transit’s reach into the suburbs, another phenomenon is facing these communities – the death of the suburban shopping mall. This report examines these two issues: constraints in transit funding and the proliferation of greyfield shopping malls. Addressing both issues, the argument is made that greyfield shopping malls serve as excellent locations to implement transit value capture strategies by converting the malls into suburban transit-oriented developments (TODs). / text

published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1998.

Shopping centres have dominated retailing in North America since the 1950's. But today, many shopping centres are facing serious problems. The future, which once looked unlimited and bright, now seems problematic. It is this transformation on which this thesis will focus. This thesis examines the historical trends behind the regional shopping centre industry. It also deals with the significance of regional shopping centres in the larger body of academic work. Regional shopping centres can be seen as products of modern society's mass production and consumption system. Their design and geographic allocation in the urban landscape is a product of both architects' and urban planners' efforts to control and regulate the modern landscape. Being a product of modernism, regional shopping centres must now meet the challenge of surviving in the post-modern era. This thesis continues with examining the development of the regional shopping centre industry in Canada. The first part of this development (1960-1980) was characterized by growth then stability. However, in the 1990's, significant numbers of centres have experienced considerable turbulence. The number of tenants, the concentration and combination of different retail businesses, as well as the annual vacancy rate are all parameters used to illustrate this. The external and internal conditions that are affecting these contemporary changes are also described, along with the strategies that are being used by the owners of regional shopping centres to meet the changes. For example, the movement away from having only goods tenants, to centres with tenants that also provide services, such as health care and libraries. The downgrading of centres to community-oriented centres, and the increase of non-retail activities are other strategies currently being used to adapt to the new conditions. This thesis includes case studies of six different regional shopping centres in the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The six centres provide the study with valuable information about the industry's history and current condition in the general retail sector. Information was collected through shopping centre surveys, together with various retail studies and trade articles from magazines, newspapers and periodicals. The study was enhanced with interviews of private sector mall managers, owners and developers, as well as the retailers in and architects of various shopping centres. The study shows that the regional shopping centre industry, to a large extent, continues to use the same development and management strategies as in the past (1960's and 1970's). The use of a universal strategy has tended to produce similar results in a centre's tenant mix, geographical location and architectural design. The result is that regional shopping centres today suffer from being undifferentiated and too similar with other competitive regional shopping centres. They also struggle with the same problems in terms of new retail competition and changing consumer demand. Regional shopping centres are facing a variety of new challenges, including new retailing concepts, cross-border shopping and declining consumer spending. There are several strategies that are being used to deal with these changes. The main goal for regional shopping centres is to find a strategy that distinguishes each from the homogenous image that prevails today. The future of the regional shopping centre industry depends on its ability to adapt to changing consumer spending patterns in a number of ways. First, there is likely to be a return of regional shopping centres which cater to the local community. This will be achieved by changing the centre's tenant mix. The level and quality of service will also be adjusted to meet specific community requirements. Secondly, regional shopping centres will incorporate more non-retail facilities. Non-competitive tenants are being acquired to fill in space and give the centres a more diverse character. Finally, regional shopping centres will include leisure and recreational activities, including amusement and entertainment facilities. Ultimately, only those centres that are able to find a specific market niche will survive in the long term. This is in sharp contrast to the old practice of being everything for everyone.