The problem of this study was to determine how much foundry equipment exists in the high schools of Texas and to determine to what extent it is being utilized. The data for this study were provided by thirty-seven metalworking instructors of Texas high schools. Of the Texas high schools offering metalworking as a part of the industrial arts curriculum, few appear to have adequate foundry facilities. In addition, a deficiency seems evident in the background and training in foundry of the metalworking instructors.

As estações metroferroviárias sempre fizeram o papel urbanístico de agregar atividades econômicas e sociais nos seus arredores. Contudo, as estações do Metrô de São Paulo foram concebidas visando o embarque e o desembarque rápido de passageiros, e não foi previsto nos projetos o uso de espaços para atividades comerciais no interior das estações ou em áreas agregadas aos edifícios. Na atualidade, em função da necessidade de facilitar os deslocamentos das pessoas na metrópole, as estações devem acomodar outras atividades e serviços que possam agregar facilidades ao cotidiano dos usuários. Assim, verifica-se a ocupação de espaços com comércio e serviços nas estações existentes cujos projetos não contemplaram este uso. Da mesma forma, foram implantados os empreendimentos associados na modalidade de shopping centers em áreas agregadas às estações ou no seu espaço aéreo. A presente pesquisa, a partir de estudos de caso, utiliza-se dos métodos e técnicas de Avaliação Pós - Ocupação - APO aplicados em estações metroferroviárias, focando na utilização de áreas para o desenvolvimento de atividades comerciais. O escopo deste estudo se restringe à análise dos impactos da utilização de espaços para comercialização pós - ocupação dos edifícios. A partir dessa análise, identificou-se as melhorias que podem ser adotadas para os próximos projetos e para as estações estudadas. Foram selecionados os instrumentos que se mostraram adequados para avaliação desses espaços, e após sua aplicação foram analisados os resultados. A partir do diagnóstico, contendo os pontos positivos e negativos, foram propostas melhorias para os estudos de caso e diretrizes para os projetos de novas estações. A utilização de espaços para o desenvolvimento de atividades comerciais nas estações deve ser contemplada no programa arquitetônico, de modo que possa ser considerada nos estudos econômicos financeiros que nortearão os investimentos destinados à construção de uma linha de metrô. / Metro rail stations have traditionally played a role in the urban planning process by contributing to the incorporation of economic and social activities to adjacent areas. However São Paulo\'s metro stations were designed for rapid passenger boarding and disembarking. As such, the original designs did not include the designation of areas within or adjacent to metro stations for retail and service activities. Yet, because of the importance today of facilitating the movement of people throughout the greater metropolitan area, a need has arisen to accommodate retail and service offerings capable of providing users with added convenience. To this end, retail and service spaces have been occupied in existing stations in which the original designs did not set aside specific spaces for these activities. Similarly, shopping centers have been opened in areas adjacent to or above existing stations. This survey drew on case studies to apply Post-Occupancy Evaluation techniques and methods to metro rail stations, with a view to analyzing the use of specific areas for retail and service activities. The scope of the study was limited to examining the impact of using designated spaces in metro facilities for post-occupancy retail and service activities. Through the survey, enhancements to future design projects and existing stations were identified. Appropriate instruments for evaluating the respective spaces were selected and, following their application, the corresponding outcomes analyzed. The diagnostic study, which considered and laid out advantages and disadvantages of the proposal, offers a series of recommended improvements on the individual case studies as well as the project guidelines for new metro stations. Finally, the designation of dedicated spaces for retail and service activities in metro stations should be contemplated in the respective architectural designs as a means to ensure consideration of this important factor in the economic-financial studies aimed at determining the investment requirements for new metro lines.

Sustainability is a topic paying a visit to most industries today and the fashion business is no exception.The development of eco-efficient stores is one of the efforts carried out by Inditex Group with the aim to adopt sustainability into its practices. Such stores distinguish themselves for saving electricity, water and by greatly reducing the amount of CO2 that is yearly produced. The concept was initiated with the Zara brand but it will be introduced to the other six brands that integrate Inditex as well. However, despite the reduction in the carbon footprint it cannot be denied that the fast fashion business model creates a paradox in terms of sustainability.The following is a case study on the Zara Rome eco-efficient store. Being a store benchmark in Europe, it explores how the sustainability concept is communicated through this model and if the identified paradox is addressed. To do so, the study analyzes the external, internal and interactive marketing of the eco-shop based on the service marketing triangle theory and the Mehrabian-Russell stimulus-response model used in visual merchandising. Participant observation on site and a content analysis of relevant documents were carried out as research methods in order to find the messages emitted on each side of the triangle.The analysis shows that the paradox in the Zara eco-shops is not being handled at the customer level, though it is being handled at internal and external levels. As a conclusion, the eco-shops effort is part of a sustainability strategy with long term perspective and it will be addressed at customer level when the company as a whole counts with a more sustainable brand identity. Additionally suggestions are offered to potentialize the communication of sustainability in an eco-shop. / Program: Master in Fashion Management with specialisation in Fashion Marketing and Retailing

As estações metroferroviárias sempre fizeram o papel urbanístico de agregar atividades econômicas e sociais nos seus arredores. Contudo, as estações do Metrô de São Paulo foram concebidas visando o embarque e o desembarque rápido de passageiros, e não foi previsto nos projetos o uso de espaços para atividades comerciais no interior das estações ou em áreas agregadas aos edifícios. Na atualidade, em função da necessidade de facilitar os deslocamentos das pessoas na metrópole, as estações devem acomodar outras atividades e serviços que possam agregar facilidades ao cotidiano dos usuários. Assim, verifica-se a ocupação de espaços com comércio e serviços nas estações existentes cujos projetos não contemplaram este uso. Da mesma forma, foram implantados os empreendimentos associados na modalidade de shopping centers em áreas agregadas às estações ou no seu espaço aéreo. A presente pesquisa, a partir de estudos de caso, utiliza-se dos métodos e técnicas de Avaliação Pós - Ocupação - APO aplicados em estações metroferroviárias, focando na utilização de áreas para o desenvolvimento de atividades comerciais. O escopo deste estudo se restringe à análise dos impactos da utilização de espaços para comercialização pós - ocupação dos edifícios. A partir dessa análise, identificou-se as melhorias que podem ser adotadas para os próximos projetos e para as estações estudadas. Foram selecionados os instrumentos que se mostraram adequados para avaliação desses espaços, e após sua aplicação foram analisados os resultados. A partir do diagnóstico, contendo os pontos positivos e negativos, foram propostas melhorias para os estudos de caso e diretrizes para os projetos de novas estações. A utilização de espaços para o desenvolvimento de atividades comerciais nas estações deve ser contemplada no programa arquitetônico, de modo que possa ser considerada nos estudos econômicos financeiros que nortearão os investimentos destinados à construção de uma linha de metrô. / Metro rail stations have traditionally played a role in the urban planning process by contributing to the incorporation of economic and social activities to adjacent areas. However São Paulo\'s metro stations were designed for rapid passenger boarding and disembarking. As such, the original designs did not include the designation of areas within or adjacent to metro stations for retail and service activities. Yet, because of the importance today of facilitating the movement of people throughout the greater metropolitan area, a need has arisen to accommodate retail and service offerings capable of providing users with added convenience. To this end, retail and service spaces have been occupied in existing stations in which the original designs did not set aside specific spaces for these activities. Similarly, shopping centers have been opened in areas adjacent to or above existing stations. This survey drew on case studies to apply Post-Occupancy Evaluation techniques and methods to metro rail stations, with a view to analyzing the use of specific areas for retail and service activities. The scope of the study was limited to examining the impact of using designated spaces in metro facilities for post-occupancy retail and service activities. Through the survey, enhancements to future design projects and existing stations were identified. Appropriate instruments for evaluating the respective spaces were selected and, following their application, the corresponding outcomes analyzed. The diagnostic study, which considered and laid out advantages and disadvantages of the proposal, offers a series of recommended improvements on the individual case studies as well as the project guidelines for new metro stations. Finally, the designation of dedicated spaces for retail and service activities in metro stations should be contemplated in the respective architectural designs as a means to ensure consideration of this important factor in the economic-financial studies aimed at determining the investment requirements for new metro lines.

Bibliography: leaves 166-173. History of restaurants, cafes and fish shops in Adelaide between 1940 and 1980. Includes indexes of restaurants, cafes and fish shops, and histories of selected restaurants.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjami marketingo strategijos formavimo etapai, prekybos įmonės santykių su vartotojais aspektai, bei atlikta rinkos analizė. Dėl vis agresyvesnės prekybos centrų plėtros, smulkiesiems prekybininkams darosi vis sunkiau konkuruoti. Todėl atsirado poreikis išanalizuoti marketingo strategijas ir nustatyti, kokie veiksniai skatina vartotojus rinktis mažas parduotuves, o ne didžiuosius prekybos centrus ir sukurti efektyvią marketingo strategiją, tinkančią mažoms parduotuvėms. Atlikta mažų parduotuvių, prekiaujančių statybinėmis medžiagomis, klientų ir vadovų apklausa, kurios rezultatais remiantis, sukurtas marketingo strategijos modelis plėtojantis mažų parduotuvių, prekiaujančių statybinėmis medžiagomis, verslą. Ši marketingo strategijos formavimo analizė aktualiausia mažoms parduotuvėms, prekiaujančioms statybinėmis medžiagomis, nes atskleidžiami šiam įmonių tipui būdingiausi bruožai. / The thesis focuses on marketing strategy formulation stages, aspects of the marketing company relationships with consumer protection, along with market analysis. Due to more aggressive development of shopping centres’, the small traders are finding it increasingly difficult to compete. Thus, there is a need to analyze the marketing strategies and identify the factors that encourage consumers to choose small shops rather than supermarkets, and create an effective marketing strategy that is suitable for small shops. Survey results of clients and managers of small shops, dealing with building materials, were taken as a basis for the development of marketing strategies model for small shops dealing with building materials business. This marketing strategy formation analysis is especially relevant for small shops which sell building materials, as it reveals the features mostly characteristic for this type of companies.

Elektroninio verslo vadybos magistro baigiamojo darbo tema „ Elektoninių grupinių pirkimų valdymas portalų priemonėmis verslui“ yra aktuali, kadangi sparčiai tobulėjant technologijoms verslas plečiasi į naujas erdves. Viena iš greičiausiai besiplečiančių elektroninio verslo sektorių yra elektroninių grupinių pirkimų verslas, kuris leidžia pažvelgti į verslą iš kitos pusės. Kolektyvinių pirkimų elektroninis verslas dėl vartotojų pirkimo galios leidžia gauti tam tikrą daiktą ar paslaugą žymiai mažesne kaina, o žema kaina yra svarbus, o dažnai ir svarbiausiais aspektas daugeliui pirkėjų. Magistro baigiamajame darbe yra nagrinėjama elektroninių grupinių pirkimų samprata, verslo struktūra, rūšys, taikomi metodai ir pelno modeliai verslo vystymui. Nagrinėjami teigiami aspektai ir apžvelgiamos neigiamos pusės siekiant jas patobulinti. Analizuojamas grupinių pirkimų e. verslo žinomumas ir vartotojų poreikis. Keliami ir aptariami veiksniai lemiantys ir skatinantys naujų vartotojų atsiradimą bei esamų lojalumo išlaikymą. Tiriama vartotojų nuomonė ir požiūris apie aspektus kurie jų požiūriu yra teigiami ir kurie yra tobulintini, analizuojami faktoriai skatinantys pirkimus grupinių pirkimų elektroninėje parduotuvėje ir tiriami aspektai lemiantys norą nepirkti elektroninių masinių pirkimų portale. Šis darbas padės šiuo metu elektroninių grupinių pirkimų verslą vystantiems verslo atstovams pamatyti aspektus į kuriuos būtina atkreipti dėmesį, kuriuos reikia tobulinti ir papildyti. Tuo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / E-business management master thesis topic „ E. Management of electronic group buying based on portal means for business. Master‘s work in e-business management.“ is actual, because of the rapid advancement of technology business is expanding to new business areas. One of the fastest expanding electronic business sector is electronic group buying business which allows to view business from the other side. Collective buying electronic business because of customers buying power allows to get itmes or service for much cheaper price. Cheap price is important and often primary aspect for every customer. In master theses there are examined: electronic group buying conception, business structure, types, applied methods and profit models for business development. Also there are examined positive aspects and reviewed negative sides in order to improve them., examined group buying e-business notoriety and customer requirement. Raised and discussed factors determining and encouraging new customers coming and current customers loyality keeping. Investigated customers opinion and approach about aspects which in their opinion are positive and which ones have to be improved, analized factors which are encouraging buying in electronic shop, analized aspects which are determining desire not to buy in electronic mass buying portal. This work will show electronic group buying business development managers aspects to which they must pay attention, which they have to improve. Those who would... [to full text]

A hierarchical control system is proposed for automated flexible manufacturing cells (FMC) that operate in a job shop flow setting. The control system is made up of a higher level scheduler/reactive scheduler, which optimizes the production flow within the cell, and a lower level supervisor that implements the decisions of the scheduler on the shop floor. Previous studies have regularly considered the production scheduling and the supervisory control as two separate problems. This has led to: i) deadlock-prone optimized schedules that cannot be implemented in an automated setting, ii) deadlock-free optimized schedules that lack the means to be transformed into shop floor supervisors, or iii) supervisors that can safely drive the system with no consideration for production performance. The proposed control system combines mathematical models and an insertion heuristic to solve the deadlock-free scheduling problem in job shops, a deadlock-free reactive scheduling heuristic that can revise the schedules upon the occurrence of a wide variety of disruptions, and a systematic procedure that can transform schedules into readily implementable Petri net (PN) supervisors. The integration of these modules into one control hierarchy guarantees a correct, optimized and agile behavior of the controlled system. The performances of the mathematical models, the scheduling and the reactive scheduling heuristics were evaluated by comparison to performances of previous approaches. Experimental results showed that the proposed modules performed consistently better than the other corresponding approaches. The supervisor realization procedure and the overall control architecture were validated by simulation and implementation in an experimental robotic FMC. The control system developed was capable of driving the experimental cell to satisfactorily complete the processing of different product mixes that featured complex processing routes through the cell.

A hierarchical control system is proposed for automated flexible manufacturing cells (FMC) that operate in a job shop flow setting. The control system is made up of a higher level scheduler/reactive scheduler, which optimizes the production flow within the cell, and a lower level supervisor that implements the decisions of the scheduler on the shop floor. Previous studies have regularly considered the production scheduling and the supervisory control as two separate problems. This has led to: i) deadlock-prone optimized schedules that cannot be implemented in an automated setting, ii) deadlock-free optimized schedules that lack the means to be transformed into shop floor supervisors, or iii) supervisors that can safely drive the system with no consideration for production performance. The proposed control system combines mathematical models and an insertion heuristic to solve the deadlock-free scheduling problem in job shops, a deadlock-free reactive scheduling heuristic that can revise the schedules upon the occurrence of a wide variety of disruptions, and a systematic procedure that can transform schedules into readily implementable Petri net (PN) supervisors. The integration of these modules into one control hierarchy guarantees a correct, optimized and agile behavior of the controlled system. The performances of the mathematical models, the scheduling and the reactive scheduling heuristics were evaluated by comparison to performances of previous approaches. Experimental results showed that the proposed modules performed consistently better than the other corresponding approaches. The supervisor realization procedure and the overall control architecture were validated by simulation and implementation in an experimental robotic FMC. The control system developed was capable of driving the experimental cell to satisfactorily complete the processing of different product mixes that featured complex processing routes through the cell.

Thesis (M.A.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Geography, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.