Recent research results on buffer sizing challenged the widely used assumption that routers should buffer millions of packets. These new results suggest that when smooth Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic goes through a single tiny buffer of size O(logW), then close-to-peak throughput can be achieved where W is the maximum window size of TCP flows. But the current routers have the buffer size much larger than that. It is shown that, we can reduce the buffer size by a factor of √N when the traffic is somehow smooth, where N is the number of flows. So, the main goal of this thesis is to show some directions on how the buffer size can be reduced in Internet routers. In this research, we adopted some measures like different packet sizes, different network scenarios, different buffer sizes, various link delays to see the performance of small buffers with the presence of both TCP and UDP traffic. / Graduate

The growing use of the internet and the wide variety of applications which run on it puts a considerable demand for high bandwidth networks. All optical core networks are one such possible networks which cater to the demand of high bandwidths.Since the all optical routers use the fiber delay lines as optical buffers, it is impossible to build optical buffers of such high capacity.The present day solutions for optical buffers are fiber delay lines(FDL) which are nothing but long optical fiber lines which are convoluted and folded in order to provide the necessary delay in transmission resulting in a small buffer which can store packets and thus can be used as a buffer.If we consider the example of a single TCP source sending an infinite amount of data with packets of constant size with the flow passing through a single router. If we make an assumption that the sender's access link is much faster than the receiver's bottleneck link of capacity, it will cause packets to be queued at the router.We propose a mechanism to pace traffic in the network based on the queue length of the buffer in the output port. The underlying principle delays the transmission of the packet depending on the instantaneous queue length of the buffer.A prototype of such a model was simulated in network simulator and the performance metrics were measured.