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The legal protection of sound, scent and colour marks in South Africa: Lessons from the European Union and the United States of AmericaKallis, Garth Ernest January 2018 (has links)
Magister Legum - LLM (Private Law) / A trade mark is defined as a sign that is capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one
enterprise from those of other enterprises. Trade marks, copyright, patents and designs are
some of the forms of intellectual property. Trade marks can be divided into traditional trade
marks and non-traditional trade marks. Traditional trade marks are capable of being represented
graphically, for example logos, service marks or company names. Non-traditional trade marks
are generally not capable of being represented graphically. Examples of these marks are inter
alia, scent, taste, touch and sound marks.
Technology is changing the way business is being conducted. The registration of nontraditional
trade marks has grown exponentially as businesses seek to use innovative ways to
protect their brands. Non-conventional trade marks may be visible signs, examples of which
include colours, shapes, moving images, holograms and positions or non-visible signs such as
sounds, scents, tastes, textures. Visible signs may easily be registered since they satisfy the
requirement of graphical representation. Non-visible marks do not generally meet this
requirement which makes their registration more complicated. An example of a registered
visible non-traditional trade marks is the four finger shape of Kit Kat chocolates.
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Marcas sonoras, voz, a lei da EIRELI e interpretação jurídicaBezerra, Maurício José dos Santos 31 August 2015 (has links)
The registrability of sound marks and therefore the voice, very controversial Institute on Law Brazilian trademark,, post to find record of resistance by the regulatory agency, the federal agency INPI - National Institute of Industrial Property - the regrar the right to record sound marks from the use of the literal interpretation of Article 122 of Law 12,979 / 96, which, in its final part, provides that "visually perceptive distinctive sign". However, this institute has some inserts in Brazilian law, to speak of the Civil Code and the Federal Constitution, even if such provisions have direct application, at least until the issue of the law EIRELI (Law No. 12,441 / 2011). In this vein, the doctrine and jurisprudence have made use of hermeneutics and interpretative processes to develop legal thinking about the right of sound marks and voice, as the foreign trademark legislation, whether European, American and even countries Latin America, already willing to regulate the matter. Thus, this paper will address content on registrability of sound marks and the voice of law in Brazilian law, taking into account the rules of hermeneutics and comparative law. / A registrabilidade das marcas sonoras e por consequência o da voz, instituto bastante polêmico no Direito Marcário brasileiro, posto que encontre resistência de registro pelo órgão regulador, a autarquia federal INPI Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial a regrar o direito de registro de marcas sonoras a partir da utilização da interpretação literal do disposto no artigo 122 da lei 12.979/96, que, em sua parte final, dispõe que os sinais distintivos visualmente perceptíveis . Contudo, tal instituto tem algumas inserções no Direito brasileiro, a se falar do Código Civil e da Constituição Federal, ainda que tais disposições não tenham aplicação direta, ao menos até a edição da lei das EIRELI (Lei nº 12.441/2011). Nesse diapasão, a doutrina e a jurisprudência têm se valido da hermenêutica e dos processos interpretativos para evoluir o pensamento jurídico quanto ao direito das marcas sonoras e da voz, já que a legislação marcária estrangeira, seja a europeia, a americana e até mesmo de países da América Latina, já dispuseram a regular a matéria. Assim, o presente trabalho abordará conteúdos sobre registrabilidade de marcas sonoras e do direito de voz no Direito Brasileiro, levando-se em conta as regras de hermenêutica e o direito comparado.
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