<p>Povrede adolescenata predstavljaju rastući javno zdravstveni problem. Iako fizička aktivnost ima dokazanu vi&scaron;estruku korist po zdravlje pojedinca, ona je povezana sa rizikom od povreda, posebno u zemljama sa nedovoljno razvijenim strategijama za prevenciju istih. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi povezanost između intenzivne fizičke aktivnosti i povreda, da li nivo fizičke aktivnosti utiče na rizično i protektivno pona&scaron;anje adolescenata, i da se identifikuju okolnosti i okruženje u kom se povrede najče&scaron;će de&scaron;avaju. Za istraživanje je kori&scaron;ćena retrospektivno-prospektivna kohortna studija na odabranom uzorku adolescenata od 15-19 godina koji pohađaju srednju &scaron;kolu. Putem standardnog internacionalnog upitnika o fizičkoj aktivnosti IPAQ i dobijenog MET skora, izdvojen je deo kohorte adolescenata izložen intenzivnoj fizičkoj aktivnosti. Kontrolnu grupu činili su umereno fizički aktivni i neaktivni adolescenti. U periodu od 12 meseci registrovane su sve vrste povreda adolescenata putem upitnika o povredama. Povrede koje su zahtevale medicinski tretman registrovane su kroz zdravstvenu dokumentaciju &scaron;kolskog dispanzera, sportske ambulante doma zdravlja, hitne medicinske pomoći i urgentnog odeljenja op&scaron;te bolnice. Klasifikacija i analiza podataka o povredama izvr&scaron;ena je prema prirodi povreda (S00-T98) na osnovu Međunarodne klasifikacije bolesti (MKB-10, 1996.). Rizik za povrede bio je sedam puta veći u grupi intenzivno fizički aktivnih adolescenata u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu (RR: 7,041; 95%CI: 6,071; 8,187). Rizik za povrede koje su zahtevale medicinski tretman, prema rezultatima prikupljenim u zdravstvenim ustanovama, bio je 15 puta veći kod adolescenata koji se intenzivno bave fizičkom aktivno&scaron;ću (RR: 14,717; 95%CI: 10,652; 20,592). Fizički aktivni učenici su se najvi&scaron;e povređivali na sportskim terenima, dok su se umereno aktivni i neaktivni najče&scaron;će povređivali u kućnom okruženju. Rizik da zadobiju sportske povrede bio je 11 puta veći kod fizički aktivnih ispitanika (RR: 11,212; 95%CI: 9,013; 14,074), sa značajno vi&scaron;om stopom incidencije kod mu&scaron;karaca (82,9/100). Na treningu i utakmici povrede je zadobilo 85,2% fizički aktivnih adolescenata, dok su kod umereno aktivnih i neaktivnih sportske povrede najče&scaron;će registrovane u &scaron;kolskom okruženju (37,5%). Najvi&scaron;e povreda registrovano je u fudbalu (Inc. 4.44/1000 h), odbojci (Inc. 3.92/1000 h) i boksu/kik boksu (Inc. 3.75/1000 h). Intenzitet fizičke aktivnosti nije imao uticaja na smanjenje rizičnog pona&scaron;anja kod adolescenata, kao &scaron;to je kori&scaron;ćenje alkohola, psihoaktivnih supstanci i nasilno pona&scaron;anje. Nivo protektivnog pona&scaron;anja bio je generalno nizak u obe grupe ispitanika. Kori&scaron;ćenje za&scaron;titne kacige i za&scaron;titne sportske opreme bilo je značajno zastupljenije u grupi intenzivno fizički aktivnih adolelescenata, ali nije utvrđen njihov uticaj na smanjenje rizika od povreda.</p> / <p>Injuries among adolescents represent growing public health issue. Although physical activity provides proven multiple benefits to the health of individuals, it is also associated with a risk of injuries, particularly in countries with less developed strategies for their prevention. The objective of the research was to determine the relation between vigorous physical activity and injuries, whether the level of physical activity affects the risk and protective behaviour among adolescents, and to identify the circumstances and environment in which the injuries most often occur. The research used a retrospective-prospective cohort study on a selected sample of adolescents aged 15-19 years attending secondary school. The part of the cohort of adolescents exposed to vigorous physical activity was separated through the standard international questionnaire on physical activity IPAQ and the resulting MET score. The control group consisted of moderately physically active and inactive adolescents. All types of injuries among adolescents within the 12 months were registered through a questionnaire. Injuries requiring medical treatment were registered through the health records of school and sports ambulances, emergency medical services and Emergency Department of the General Hospital. Classification and analysis of injury data was performed according to the nature of the injuries (S00 - T98) based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD - 10, 1996). The risk of injury was seven times higher in the group of vigorous physically active adolescents than in the control group (RR: 7,041; 95%CI: 6,071; 8,187). The risk of injuries that required medical treatment was 15 times higher among adolescents who are intensively engaged in physical activity (RR: 14,717; 95%CI: 10,652; 20,592). Physically active students are most frequently injured on the sports fields, while moderately active and inactive students are most frequently injured in the home environment. The risk to suffer sports injuries was 11 times higher among physically active participants (RR: 11,212; 95%CI: 9,013; 14,074) with a significantly higher incidence rate among men (82,9/100). On training and during the game 85,2% of physically active adolescents suffered from injuries, while among inactive participants sports injuries were most often registered in the school environment (37,5%). The most injuries were registered in soccer (Inc. 4.44/1000 h), volleyball (Inc. 3.92/1000 h) and boxing/kick boxing (Inc. 3.75/1000 h). The intensity of physical activity had no impact on reducing risk behaviour among adolescents, such as the use of alcohol, psychoactive substances and violent behavior. The level of protective behavior was generally low in both groups. The use of protective helmets and protective sports equipment was significantly more frequently present among vigorous physically active adolescents, but their influence on reducing the risk of injuries was not determined.</p>

<p>Ova studija je bila prospektivnog karaktera. Uz dopu&scaron;tenje etičkog komiteta Kliničkog centra Vojvodine istraživanje je sprovedeno na Klinici za ortopedsku hirurgiju i traumatologiju i obuhvatilo je 60 pacijenata mu&scaron;kog pola, koji su metodom slučajnog izbora na randomizirani način uključeni u ispitivanje, a koji se aktivno i profesionalno bave fudbalom, ko&scaron;arkom ili odbojkom,&nbsp; primljenih na Kliniku za ortopedsku hirurgiju radi artroskopske rekonstrukcije pokidanog prednjeg ukr&scaron;tenog ligamenta. U ispitivanje su uključeni samo oni pacijenti koji su dali potpisani informisani pristanak da učestvuju u ispitivanju, koji su zadovoljii sve kriterijume za uključivanje i koji nisu imali niti jedan kriterijum za isključivanje iz studije. Kriterijumi za uključivanje u studiju&nbsp; podrazumevali su sledeće: da je pacijent&nbsp; primljen na Kliniku za ortopedsku hirurgiju i traumatologiju Kliničkog centra Vojvodine u Novom Sadu radi operativnog lečenja prekida prednjeg ukr&scaron;tenog ligamenta kolena, da je potpisao informisani pristanak za uključivanje, da je starosne dobi od 18 do 45 godina, da se aktivno i profesionalno bave fizičkom aktivno&scaron;ću regulisanom pravilima (fudbal, odbojka, ko&scaron;arka). Kriterijumi za isključivanje pacijenata iz istraživanja bili su sledeći: prisustvo udružene povrede i spolja&scaron;njeg pobočnog ligamenta koja zahteva operativno lečenje, pojava težih op&scaron;te &ndash; hirur&scaron;kih komplikacija, želja pacijenta da bude isključen iz daljeg ispitivanja, bez obaveze da tu svoju odluku obrazloži. U prvoj fazi konstruisan je aparat, digitalni goniometar, uz pomoć kojeg je urađen eksperimentalni deo ovog ispitivanja i napravljena je baza podataka sa poljima za upis deskriptivnih i antropometrijskih parametara. Potom je uz pomoć aparata svim ispitanicima testirana sposobnost propriocepcije (JPS). Testiranje&nbsp; je obavljeno preoperativno na povređenom i nepovređenom ekstremitetu, u dva maha: odmah po zadavanju ciljnog ugla od 35&deg; i nakon 5 minuta. Druga faza je obavljena minimum 6 meseci nakon operativnog lečenja, hirur&scaron;kom, artroskopskom rekonstrukcijom pokidanog prednjeg ukr&scaron;tenog ligamenta kost-tetiva-kost tehnikom (bone-tendo-bone, BTB). Klinički pregled&nbsp; svakog pacijenta je podrazumevao proveru rezultata Lachman testa (pozitivan/negativan), Lysholm i IKDC bodovne skale za koleno i to preoperativno a potom i tokom postoperativnog kontrolnog pregleda. Po uzoru na mnoge sajtove renomiranih ortopedskih organizacija (http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/), naparavljen je on-line upitnik na Google drive-u gde su u elektronskom obliku prikupljani podaci za skale koje smo koristili. Dobijeni rezultati su za svaku skalu ponaosob potom prebacivani u Excel i dalje&nbsp; obrađivani adekvatnim statističkim alatkama u adekvatnom programu. U rezultatima je uočeno da dobijena razlika u preciznosti pozicioniranja potkolenice sa o&scaron;tećenim ligamentarnim aparatom kolena u odnosu na nepovređenu nogu pre hirur&scaron;ke rekonstrukcije prednjeg ukr&scaron;tenog ligamenta ne pokazuje statistički značajnu razliku. Međutim, postojala je statistički značajna razlika u brzini kojom se postiže zadati ugao, tj. povređena noga imala je veći intenzitet ugaonog uspona &scaron;to ukazuje na kvalitativne razlike u samom obrascu pokreta. Takođe, na ovom uzorku dobijeno je da postoji statistički značajna razlika u preciznosti pozicioniranja potkolenice sa o&scaron;tećenim ligamentarnim aparatom kolena u odnosu na nepovređenu nogu nakon hirur&scaron;ke rekonstrukcije prednjeg ukr&scaron;tenog ligamenta tj. pacijenti su nakon rekonstrukcije statistički značajno &raquo;prebacivali&laquo; zadatu vrednost od 35&deg;. Test pozicioniranja ekstremiteta za ovo ispitivanje konstruisanim aparatom se pokazao kao senzitivna i specifična dijagnostička procedura gubitka sposobnosti propriocepcije usled kidanja prednjeg ukr&scaron;tenog ligamenta.</p> / <p>In this prospective study examined group consisted&nbsp; of&nbsp; 60&nbsp; male&nbsp; patients&nbsp; with&nbsp; an anterior&nbsp; cruciate&nbsp; ligament&nbsp; tear&nbsp; and&nbsp; all participants&nbsp;&nbsp; were&nbsp;&nbsp; at&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; time&nbsp;&nbsp; before injury&nbsp;&nbsp; actively&nbsp;&nbsp; playing&nbsp;&nbsp; afootball, basketball&nbsp; or&nbsp; volleyball.&nbsp; The&nbsp; study&nbsp; was conducted&nbsp; at&nbsp; the&nbsp; Clinic&nbsp; for&nbsp; Orthopaedic Surgery&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Traumatology&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Clinical Center&nbsp; of&nbsp; Vojvodina&nbsp; in&nbsp; Novi&nbsp; Sad&nbsp; where participants&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; were&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; admitted&nbsp;&nbsp; for arthroscopic ligament reconstruction. All participants&nbsp; were&nbsp; informed&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; study by&nbsp;&nbsp; their&nbsp;&nbsp; clinicians&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp; gave&nbsp;&nbsp; written consent. Thee exclusion criteria were the following:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; occurrence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; combined cruciate&nbsp; ligament&nbsp; with&nbsp; lateral&nbsp; collateral ligament&nbsp;&nbsp; injury&nbsp;&nbsp; that&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp; surgical treatment;&nbsp; occurrence&nbsp; of&nbsp; more&nbsp; serious general&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; surgical complications; the patient&rsquo;s&nbsp; wish&nbsp; to&nbsp; be&nbsp; excluded&nbsp; from further&nbsp; research&nbsp; without&nbsp; an&nbsp; obligation&nbsp; to give&nbsp;&nbsp; any&nbsp;&nbsp; further&nbsp;&nbsp; explanation&nbsp;&nbsp; to&nbsp;&nbsp; his decision.&nbsp; In&nbsp; the&nbsp; first&nbsp; stage&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; study, an&nbsp; apparatus&nbsp; called&nbsp; digital&nbsp; goniometer was&nbsp;&nbsp; constructed,&nbsp;&nbsp; which&nbsp;&nbsp; was&nbsp;&nbsp; used&nbsp;&nbsp; to conduct&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; experimental&nbsp;&nbsp; part&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; the study,&nbsp; and&nbsp; a&nbsp; database&nbsp; with&nbsp; fields&nbsp; for inserting&nbsp; descriptive&nbsp; and&nbsp; anthropometric parameters was made. Next, by using the apparatus,&nbsp; all&nbsp; subjects&nbsp; were&nbsp; tested&nbsp; for proprioception&nbsp; ability&nbsp; (JPS).&nbsp; The&nbsp; tests were&nbsp; performed&nbsp; preoperatively&nbsp; on&nbsp; the injured&nbsp; and&nbsp; the&nbsp; uninjured&nbsp; limb&nbsp; in&nbsp; two instances:&nbsp; straight&nbsp; after&nbsp; determining&nbsp; the target&nbsp;&nbsp; angle&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; 35&deg;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp;&nbsp; minutes afterwards.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; second&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; stage&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; was performed&nbsp; postoperatively&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; same maner,&nbsp;&nbsp; following&nbsp;&nbsp; a&nbsp;&nbsp; minimal&nbsp;&nbsp; 6-month period&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; after&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; surgical&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; arthroscopic reconstruction&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; torn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; anterior cruciate&nbsp; ligament&nbsp; by&nbsp; bone-tendon-bone (BTB) technique. The clinical evaluation of&nbsp; each&nbsp; patient&nbsp; involved&nbsp; Lachman&nbsp; test (positive / negative), Lysholm and IKDC scales,&nbsp;&nbsp; first&nbsp;&nbsp; pre-operatively&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp; then during&nbsp;&nbsp; post-operative&nbsp; check&nbsp; up assessment.&nbsp; Following&nbsp; the&nbsp; example&nbsp; of many&nbsp; websites&nbsp; or&nbsp; eminent&nbsp; orthopaedic organisations (http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/),&nbsp;&nbsp; an online&nbsp;&nbsp; survey&nbsp;&nbsp; was&nbsp;&nbsp; made&nbsp;&nbsp; on&nbsp;&nbsp; Google Drive,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; where&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; data&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; was&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; collected electronically&nbsp; for&nbsp; the&nbsp; scales&nbsp; used.&nbsp; The results were then transferred to Excel for each&nbsp; scale,&nbsp; to&nbsp; be&nbsp; further&nbsp; processed&nbsp; by using&nbsp;&nbsp; adequate&nbsp;&nbsp; statistic&nbsp;&nbsp; tools&nbsp;&nbsp; in&nbsp;&nbsp; an adequate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; programme.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; results indicated&nbsp; that,&nbsp; when&nbsp; compared&nbsp; with&nbsp; the uninjured&nbsp; leg,&nbsp; a&nbsp; resulting&nbsp; disparity&nbsp; in precision&nbsp; of&nbsp; positioning&nbsp; the&nbsp; lower&nbsp; leg with&nbsp; a&nbsp; damaged&nbsp; ligament&nbsp; apparatus&nbsp; of the&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; knee&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; before&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; surgical reconstruction&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; anterior&nbsp; cruciate ligament&nbsp; was&nbsp; not&nbsp; considered&nbsp; statistically significant.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; However,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; there&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; was&nbsp; a statistically&nbsp; significant&nbsp; difference&nbsp; in&nbsp; the speed&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; attaining&nbsp;&nbsp; a&nbsp;&nbsp; specified&nbsp;&nbsp; angle which indicates qualitative differences in the&nbsp; motion&nbsp; pattern&nbsp; itself.&nbsp; Furthermore, this&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sample&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; study&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; resulted&nbsp;&nbsp; in&nbsp; a statistically&nbsp; significant&nbsp; difference&nbsp; in&nbsp; the precision&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; positioning&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; lower leg&nbsp; with&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; damaged&nbsp;&nbsp; knee&nbsp; ligament apparatus&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; after&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; surgical reconstruction&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; anterior&nbsp; cruciate ligament,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; when&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; compared&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; with&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the uninjured&nbsp; leg,&nbsp; i.e.&nbsp; after&nbsp;&nbsp; the reconstruction,&nbsp; the&nbsp; patients&nbsp;&nbsp; had&nbsp;&nbsp; a significantly&nbsp;&nbsp; higher&nbsp;&nbsp; degree&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; flexion than&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; targeted&nbsp;&nbsp; 35&deg;.&nbsp;&nbsp; The&nbsp;&nbsp; test&nbsp;&nbsp; for positioning&nbsp; extremities,&nbsp; performed&nbsp; with the&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; specially&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; constructed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; apparatus, proved&nbsp; to&nbsp; be&nbsp; a&nbsp; sensitive&nbsp; and&nbsp; specific diagnostic procedure for determining the loss&nbsp; of&nbsp; proprioceptic&nbsp; ability&nbsp; due&nbsp; to anterior cruciate ligament tear.</p>

<p>Ispitivanu grupu činilo je 1247 ispitanika sa povredama prednje ukr&scaron;tene veze kolena koji su operativno lečeni u periodu 2012.-2017. godina na Klinici za ortopedsku hirurgiju i traumatologiju Kliničkog centra Vojvodine. Ciljevi istraživanja bili su utvrđivanje uticaja nivoa sportske aktivnosti i mehanizama povređivanja na nastanak povreda prednje ukr&scaron;tene veze kolena, zatim uticaj spolja&scaron;njih faktora rizika (vrsta sporta, rang takmičenja, vrsta podloge, trening ili utakmica, period treninga) na nastanak povreda prednje ukr&scaron;tene veze kolena, odnosno uticaj unutra&scaron;njih faktora rizika (pol, starost, BMI) na nastanak povreda ove strukture kolena. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika njih 517 (41,5%) su činili aktivni sportisti, a 730 (58,5%) rekreativci. Značajnu većinu u posmatranom uzorku su činili mu&scaron;karci (82,6%), osobe starosti od 16 do 25 godina (62,6%) i normalno uhranjenje osobe (62%). Do povrede prednje ukr&scaron;tene veze do&scaron;lo je kod njih 504 (40,5%) prilikom aktivnog bavljenja sportom, dok su se povrede prilikom rekreativnog bavljenja sportom dogodile kod 741 ispitanika (59,5%). Među aktivnim sportistima, vi&scaron;e od dve trećine se takmičilo na internacionalnom ili republičkom nivou, odnosno u najvi&scaron;im rangovima takmičenja. Kontaktnim kolektivnim sportovima (fudbal, ko&scaron;arka i rukomet) bavilo se 77,9% ispitanika. Nekontaktnim sportovima kao &scaron;to su odbojka, borilački sportovi i skijanje bavilo se 22,1% ispitanika, pri čemu je najveći broj povreda nastao prilikom igranja fudbala (51,3%). Statistički značajno vi&scaron;e povreda (i prilikom aktivnog i prilikom rekreativnog bavljenja sportom) je nastalo bez direktnog kontakta (nekontaktne povrede koje su činile 78,7% povreda), pri čemu je najveći broj povreda nastao usled promene pravca i ritma kretanja. Kod aktivnih sportista najvi&scaron;e povreda dogodilo se na utakmicama (73,8%), slede povrede na treningu (24,1%), dok se na rekreaciji povredilo svega 2,1% ispitanika. Značajno vi&scaron;e povreda dogodilo se na sredini bavljenja sportskom aktivno&scaron;ću (47,4%) u odnosu na povrede na zagrevanju, početku, odnosno kraju sportske aktivnosti. Povrede su značajno če&scaron;će nastajale na travi (42%) i parketu (28%), nego na drugim vrstama podloge. Najveći broj ispitanika povredio se noseći patike prilikom bavljenja sportskom aktivno&scaron;ću. Postoje značajne razlike u kontekstu povređivanja u zavisnosti od pola ispitanika. Žene su u značajno većem procentu povređivane prikom aktivnog bavljenja sportom, dok su se mu&scaron;karci če&scaron;će povređivali na rekreaciji. Žene su se najče&scaron;će povređivale na rukometu, mu&scaron;karci na fudbalu. U odnosu na mu&scaron;karce, kod žena su povrede znatno ređe nastajale prilikom direktnog kontakta, a kad je u pitanju mesto povređivanja, žene su se če&scaron;će nego mu&scaron;karci povređivale na treningu. Preko 50% žena je povređeno na parketu, dok se najveći broj mu&scaron;karaca povredio na travi. Ispitanici sa prekomernom telesnom masom značajno če&scaron;će su se povređivali prilikom rekreacije, dok su se normalno uhranjeni če&scaron;će povređivali prilikom aktivnog bavljenja sportom. Faktori rizika za nastanak povreda prednje ukr&scaron;tene veze su brojni i specifični, odnosno da za svaku populacionu kategoriju postoje rizici, ali se uočava da su u svim sportovima, na svim podlogama i kod svih ispitanika povrede najče&scaron;će nastajale nekontaknim mehanizmom povređivanja. Formiranjem registra povređenih omogućilo bi se bolje razumevanje faktora rizika i njihovog međusobnog uticaja, kao i definisanje profila osoba pod najvećim rizikom za nastanak povrede prednje ukr&scaron;ene veze kolena. Na taj način obezbedile bi se potrebne informacije za planiranje preventivnih programa usmerenih na smanjenje rizika od povređivanja i omogućilo bi se sprovođenje odgovarajućih mera selektivne prevencije.</p> / <p>The study group consisted of 1247 respondents with anterior cruciate ligament injuries who were surgically treated in the period 2012-2017. at the Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina. The objectives of the study were to determine the impact of sports activity levels and injury mechanisms on the occurrence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries, then the impact of external risk factors (type of sport, competition rank, type of surface, training or match, training period) on the occurrence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries and the influence of internal risk factors (gender, age, BMI) on the occurrence of injuries of this knee structure. Out of the total number of respondents 517 (41.5%) were active athletes, and 730 (58.5%) were recreational athletes. A significant majority in the observed group were men (82.6%), persons aged 16 to 25 years (62.6%) and normal BMI respondents (62%). Anterior cruciate ligament injury occurred in 504 of them (40.5%) during active sports, while injuries during recreational sports occurred in 741 respondents (59.5%). Among active athletes, more than two thirds competed at the international or national level- in the highest ranks of the competition. Contact collective sports (football, basketball and handball) were practiced by 77.9% of respondents. 22.1% of respondents practiced non-contact sports such as volleyball, martial arts sports and skiing. The largest number of injuries occurring while playing football (51.3%). Statistically significantly more injuries (both during active and recreational sports) occurred without direct contact (noncontact injuries-78,7% of total injuries number), with the largest number of injuries caused by changes in the direction and rhythm of movement. Among active athletes, most injuries occurred in matches (73.8%), followed by injuries in training (24.1%), while only 2.1% of respondents were injured in recreation. Significantly more injuries occurred in the middle of engaging in sports activity (47.4%) compared to injuries during the warm-up, beginning and end of sports activity. Injuries occurred significantly more often on grass (42%) and floor (28%) than on other types of surfaces. Most of the respondents were injured wearing sneakers while doing sports. There are significant differences in the context of injury depending on the gender of the respondents. A significantly higher percentage of women were injured during active sports, while men were more often injured during recreational sport activities. Women were most often injured in handball, men in football. Compared to men, injuries were much less common in women during direct contact, and when it comes to the place of injury, women were injured more often than men during training acitivities. Over 50% of women were injured on the floor, while the largest number of men were injured on the grass. Subjects with overweight were significantly more likely to be injured during recreational sport acitivites, while those with normal BMI were more likely to be injured during active sports. Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injuries are numerous and specific and there are risks for each population category, but it is noticed that in all sports, on all surfaces and in all subjects, injuries were most often caused by a noncontact injury mechanism. The formation of a Register of injuries would enable a better understanding of risk factors and their mutual influence, as well as the definition of the profile of persons at greatest risk for the occurrence of an anterior cruciate ligament injury. This would provide the necessary information for planning prevention programs aimed at reducing the risk of injury and would enable the implementation of appropriate selective prevention measures.</p>