The main objectives of the thesis submitted were to create the missing oak tree-ring chronology for the area of Slovakia, update the existing Czech oak tree-ring chronology, assess their paleoclimatic potential, and find the best way to remove the age trend from tree-ring series. At the same time, the number of sapwood tree rings over time was analysed. As the historical and archaeological material can be represented in tree-ring chronologies by curves from different oak species with different age and from different areas, two comparative studies have been carried out to assess their usefulness for the climate reconstruction. Tree-ring chronologies of four selected oak species (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Quercus polycarpa Schur., Quercus dalechampii Ten.) from the same region showed a very similar response to climatic parameters; the differences were caused by local site conditions rather than oak species. Further, the recent part of the Czech oak chronology was divided into five couples of sub-chronologies using various categories (altitude, age of trees, tree species, soil moisture, and geographic location). A great similarity of all the sub-chronologies was confirmed by the most significant growth response of oak to the precipitation sum in the period May to July. The thousands-year-long Czech oak chronology, which has been gradually improved in recent years, still showed insufficient coverage of the entire territory of the oak natural distribution range and insufficient replication in the 19th century. A total of 342 newly collected samples from western Bohemia and samples from selected historical structures, mostly belfries, were used to cover the entire natural distribution range in the Czech Republic and to improve the connection of the recent and the historical parts of the chronology. The study was supplemented by the analysis of the number of sapwood tree rings, which confirmed the declining number of sapwood rings in the direction from the west to the east, and showed that the number of sapwood rings does not change over time (5-24). A completely new tree-ring oak chronology for the territory of the Slovak Republic was made up of 276 historical and 1028 recent samples. The chronology ranges from 967 to 2013 and shows strong resemblance with the tree-ring chronologies from the Czech Republic, Austria and Ukraine. As the Czech chronology, it manifests the most significant response to precipitation in the May to July period with a huge drop in correlations around 1980. The analysis of negative pointer years in the chronology revealed 26 periods; the most extreme year was 1947, which stood out in all of the investigated sites. Comparing the resulting chronologies, no significant differences were found among the various ways of age trend removal from tree-ring series in the periods with sufficient replication. This work extends the knowledge about the behaviour of the oak in Central Europe at the level of tree rings. The newly formed tree-ring oak chronology for the area of Slovakia fills the gap in the dense network of European chronologies and together with the update of the Czech oak chronology increases the potential for hydroclimatic reconstructions and the reliability of the dating of historical oak structures and archaeological finds.

In the first part of the thesis, theoretical uncertainties of jet cross-section have been calculated for proton-proton collision at the center of mass energy of 8 TeV. For jet identification the anti-kT algorithm with scale parameter R = 0.6 was used. As the calculations showed, the major contribution to the total theoretical uncertainty comes from the uncertainty of parton distribution function parameters. In the second part of the thesis, the angular distribution of dijet events produced in proton-proton collisions at the center of mass energy 8 TeV were simulated using Pythia 8 Monte Carlo event generator. New physics model of quark compositeness that should manifest itself by quark contact interaction was studied using angular distribution of dijet events. Three angular variables were discussed and these variables were used to calculate 95% CL lower limit on contact interaction scale. The results were compared and it emerged that the sensitivity to contact interaction signals varies for these variables.

Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou zavádění systému managementu v laboratoři nejlepších dostupných technik. V práci je stručně popsán současný stav systému managementu. Dále je popsán souhrn právních požadavků, které se týkají laboratoří. Hlavní částí diplomové práce je vytvoření systému managementu laboratoře. Součástí vytváření systému managementu laboratoře bylo vytvoření vybraných standardních operačních postupů laboratoře. Pro zavedení systému managementu byla vytvořena příručky kvality, která je nejdůležitějším dokumentem z pohledu zavádění systému managementu kvality.

The Diploma thesis deals with the risk management in an insurance company. The main goal of the thesis is to determine the process of the risk management in insurance companies and to compare this process with the theory and with requirements of directive Solvency II. The first part of the thesis specifies the issue from a theoretical view. The second part focuses on a real situation in insurance companies and concrete approaches of quantitative assessment of risks, such a Value at Risk and stress testing. The result of the thesis is the evaluation of readiness of insurance companies for implementation of directive Solvency II and recommendations for an improvement of the process of risk management.

The subject of the thesis is to determine the age of individual farm buildings by means of dendrochronological analysis and compilation of local tree-ring chronologies of the given tree species. The work describes a detailed procedure for dendrochronological dating from sampling and preparation of samples through measurements to their dating. The work also deals with the use of individual trees in structures. The oldest building is a barn from the village of Vrbětice made of beech, whose design elements were dated to 1766/1767. On the other hand, the youngest building can be labeled as a fruit dryer from the village of Pradlisko. Taken oak samples from the construction managed to date to 1944/1945. The most represented tree species in the surveyed farm buildings were beech and oak. Other trees are represented in very small numbers to determine their importance in the structure. The oak elements were used in the construction mainly for foundation sills and the beech elements for the construction of the walls. With regard to the number of samples of individual trees, two local ring-shaped chronologies were created. The beech chronology consists of ring-shaped curves of 29 samples taken from historical structures and 22 ring-shaped curves from live trees, with a non-interconnected section of approximately 93 years between the two parts. Combining these two parts, the chronology would be able to cover more than 300 years (1690–2013). Oak local chronology is made up of ring-shaped curves of 30 samples from the surveyed objects and covers the period from 1700 to 1900. Since there is no beech chronology for the Czech Republic, it is a great contribution to making the basic beech chronology for this region, where beech is the most used wood in buildings. The work contributes to the building of beech chronology.

Subfossil trunks are unfossilized woods which are discovered rarely in the Czech Republic. The aim of this work was to find, sampled and dated subfossil trunks from the Polabí region. Available Czech and foreign standard chronologies were used for dendrochronological dating of tree-ring series. Simultaneously, earlier sampled subfossil trunks from the study area were assembled. The chosen tree-ring series were used to extension and improvement of the Czech oak standard chronology. Selected samples, which were not possible to dendochronologically date, were sent for radiocarbon dating. For a purpose of this work, 122 new subfossil findings were dendrochronologically processed from the Polabí region and three samples were prepared and sent for radiocarbon dating. The major part of subfossil trunks was identified as an oak and only 5 samples as an elm. In total, 96 samples were successfully dated mostly into two periods: 3500 - 3200 BC and 133 BC - 155 AD. In Kostomlátky location, the oldest oak subfossil trunk in the Czech republic was found the tree-ring series covers the period 8181 7971 BC. Thanks to these subfossil findings, the Czech oak standard chronology could be extended.

This Master’s thesis deals with standard uncertainity determination for electrical quantities measurement. Next, there are proposals of uncertainity calculation procedures for impedance measurement. Impedance is measured by LCR meter Agilent 4263B. Using the proposed procedures, standard uncertainities are then calculated. Furthermore, there is proposal for an improved laboratory exercise for the MEMT subject, implementing the standard measurement uncertainities calculations.

This master’s thesis is focused on the continuous descent approach procedure and its impact on the airspace capacity. The first part is devoted to the theoretical description of the procedure and the assessment of the current situation in implementation of continuous descent approach at the European airports. The impact on the airspace capacity is demonstrated by a detailed analysis of the procedure application at Praha – Ruzyně airport. The aim of the analysis is to define critical areas that have to be solved before permanent application of the procedure. In the following chapters there are presented possible solutions of conflict spots in the current operational environment and in the future after implementation of 4D trajectory concept as well. The last part is focused on the application of continuous descent approach at Praha – Ruzyně airport after the construction of a parallel runway.

The topic: Identification of the important tactical problems in the action game - set plays. The target of the work: According to the analysis of the set plays in football European Championship in 2012 we had to determine characteristical points and measure of frequency of the set plays that lead up to overcome the rival defense and then end the scoring or endanger the rival goal. There were created typologies and applications . The method: The research was created by the method of the indirect structured observation on DVD. Therefore it is both qualitative and quantitative research. The results were written down in graphs. The results: The results of this work present the succesfull ways of set plays, the frequency of these ways and the most important factors of their succesfull using. These results suggest possible future trends of the set plays. Key words: Set plays, analysis, football

Title: Technical reserves of non-life insurance in the internal solvency model Author: Bc. Jiří Thomayer Department: Department of Propability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: Mgr. Ing. Jakub Mertl Abstract: In this work we study and describe calculation of solvency capital using the standard formula contained in the Directive of the European Union (Solvency II), which should be put into practice in Europe on 1 January 2013. This calcu- lation is described in quantitative impact study 5. We describe a general approach to risk measurement and we show some particular practical measures used to risk measurement. We explain under what conditions the standard formula or its parts can be replaced by internal model. Next, we show disadvantages of using the stan- dard formula and we propose possible internal model to calculate risk premiums and risk reserves in non-life insurance. Finally we apply the proposed model for calculation risk reverses in non-life insurance in practice. Keywords: Standard formula, Risk measurement, Solvency II, Internal model;