The goal of this thesis is to analyze and compare the main characteristics of Prague Stock Exchange and Warsaw Stock Exchange. At first the attention is paid to the concept of "stock exchange" in the legal system of both countries. A short summary of the history of both exchanges is followed by a description of the organizational structure and comparison of the basic conditions of exchange membership. The individual market segments are analyzed as well as conditions for admission of financial instruments to those segments. The thesis also outlines the essential characteristics of trading systems in Prague and in Warsaw together with a list of basic types of trades. The final comparative analysis is devoted to the type and volume of financial instruments traded on both exchanges and settlement of those trades.