The subject of this diploma thesis is the design of a new building in the center of Český Těšín - an accommodation and recreational facility called Penzion Noiva. The guesthouse will provide not only accommodation for up to 36 people, but also the wellness center and the restaurant. In terms of construction, it is a free-standing building with two above-ground floors, ground floor, basement and two terraces. On the ground floor there is a lounge, a restaurant and its facilities, the director's office and a hall with a reception adjacent to the main entrance. The main entrance to the building is oriented to the west, where there is also an entrance to the restaurant terrace. The first and second floors contain 14 double rooms and two four-bed suites with kitchenettes. The basement is divided into two parts. One part of the basement contains the wellness center with saunas and a relaxation room. The other part serves as a technical background of the building where there are locker rooms for the staff, storerooms, and air conditioning rooms. The access to the basement for the staff is provided by a side staircase and a lift for staff. All floors are connected by a main staircase with a lift. The building foundations are made of strip foundations. The external wall of the above-ground floors and ground floor is designed from Porotherm ceramic blocks. The basement external wall is built of concrete blocks. Porotherm ceramic blocks also form the internal loadbearing and non-loadbearing masonry. The floor structures are designed as cast-in-place reinforced slabs. The roofing of the building consists of a warm flat roof with a parapet wall, and the screed to fall is made of thermal insulation. The terrace is located on the part of the roof, which is designed as a green roof. Balconies with aluminum railings containing glass balustrade are designed from reinforced concrete slabs.

„Science, the Never-Ending Quest.“ The diploma thesis deals with a proposal of science center aimed at promoting science and education in the field of nanotechnology. The aim of the project is to design a science center that will complement the existing building complex of CEITEC Nano BUT but also through its architectural expression represent the value of such institution and enable it to stand out among the existing buildings, allowing it to become the new center „brain“ of the complex. Nanotechnology represents a significant sphere of the scientific world that holds big potential for the future in various industries including architecture and building construction. The aim of the diploma thesis is thus not only to design new science center but also to raise awarness of nanotechnolgy. The design proposal is based on simple geometric shape - circle which is segmented into three parts. Logical shape of circle complements the already existing complex and becomes the new center point "brain" of the whole complex. The symbol of infinity that circle and Mobius strip represent is associated with the never ending scientific research as the science itself is at the end nothing but a "never ending quest".

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Stomata are small pores that are located on the surface of epidermal leaves, and they can regulate the uptake of CO2 and prevent water lose by opening and closing the pores. Stomata of plants can be regulated by external condition such as CO2, biotic and abiotic stresses and internal factors. CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) plants adapt to hot and dry environments by closing stomata during the day and opening stomata during the cool night. However, it is still unclear how CAM plants open their stomata during the night and close them during the day. In this study, a number of factors were evaluated for their potential roles in promoting stomatal opening in the model CAM plant Kalanchoe laxiflora. Citrate is an important organic acid and it accumulates during the night in CAM plants. It is shown in this study that citrate promoted stomatal opening in detached leaf epidermis of Kalanchoe laxiflora. Further, the cytokinin zeatin is also shown to stimulate stomatal opening in detached leave of Kalanchoe laxiflora. Melatonin is an important regulator of circadian rhythms in mammals and has been implicated in regulation of plant abiotic stress responses. Melatonin was detected in the leaves of Kalanchoe laxiflora. It promoted stomatal opening in detached epidermis of Kalanchoe laxiflora. Together, these results suggest that stomata of Kalanchoe laxiflora respond to citrate and malate which are the main organic acids accumulate during nighttime and also to some signaling molecules (zeatin, melatonin, and serotonin) by opening stomata during dark period.

UHF bands because more penetration can be achieved at low frequencies. Consequently, large antennas are required, which limits their use for small airborne applications. This thesis explores various GPR antenna designs for a bi-static system that are at least operational from 225 MHz to 255 MHz and suitable for small airborne applications. The 3D electromagnetic simulation software Ansys high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) was used to simulate various sizes of strip dipole, triangular bowtie, half elliptical bowtie, and elliptical bowtie antennas. Several physical models were constructed to validate the return loss simulation results. Additionally, simulation data is included for a wire dipole and a helical antenna. The helical antenna proved to be too large for small airborne application, so focus was placed on the dipole and bowtie designs. The performance of the dipole and bowtie antenna models are compared by size, weight, return loss (𝑆11), peak gain, and the transmit-to-receive isolation. Out of the fourteen simulated models, twelve meet the bandwidth requirement with an average weight of 0.23 lbs. It is found that the strip dipole exhibited wider bandwidth characteristics than the triangular, elliptical, and half elliptical bowtie models, while maintaining similar weight and size. The smallest strip dipole model is 50 mm x 528 mm x 1 mm, weighs 0.17 lbs, and is operational from 225 MHz to 283 MHz. Two strip dipole test antennas were fabricated and tested. Test results confirm the simulation predictions.

Semiconductor detectors are attracting interest for use in photon-counting spectral computed tomography. In order to obtain a high spatial resolution, it is of interest to find the photon interaction position. In this work we investigate if machine learning can be used to obtain a sub-pixel spatial resolution in a photon-counting silicon strip detector with pixels of 10 µm. Simulated charge distributions from events in one, three, and seven positions in each of three pixels were investigated using the MATLAB® Classification Learner application to determine the correct interaction position. Different machine learning models were trained and tested in order to maximize performance. With pulses originating from one and seven positions within each pixel, the model was able to find the originating pixel with an accuracy of 100% and 88.9% respectively. Further, the correct position within a pixel was found with an accuracy of 54.0% and 29.4% using three and seven positions per pixel respectively. These results show the possibility of improving the spatial resolution with machine learning. / Halvledardetektorer är av stigande intresse inom forskning för användning i fotonräknande datortomografi med spektral upplösning. För att erhålla en hög spatiell upplösning är det av intresse att hitta fotonens ursprungliga interaktionsposition. I detta arbete undersöks om maskininlärning kan användas för att erhålla en spatiell upplösning på subpixelnivå i en fotonräknande kiselstrippdetektor med 10 µm pixlar. Laddningsfördelningen från simulerade interaktioner i en, tre, och sju positioner inom var och en av tre pixlar undersöktes med hjälp av applikationen Classification Learner i MATLAB® för att bestämma den korrekta interaktionspositionen. Olika maskininlärningsmodeller tränades och testades för att maximera prestandan. När pulser från en och sju positioner inom pixeln användes, kunde modellen hitta den korrekta pixeln med en noggrannhet på 100% respektive 88.9%. Vidare kunde den korrekta positionen inom en pixel bestämmas med en noggrannhet på 54.0% och 29.4% när tre respektive sju positioner inom varje pixel användes. Resultaten visar att det skulle vara möjligt att förbättra den spatiella upplösningen med hjälp av maskininlärning.

The development of lightweight design for automotive applications has lasted for many years and is still increasing. Vehicles with light structures use less fuel, emit less CO2, and are better for the environment. The next generation of lightweight vehicle structures will be realized using materials with a high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and high bending stiffness such as high-strength aluminium alloys. Increased formability, lower spring-back, and the ability to incorporate age-hardening heat treatments into the process are all advantages of the hot forming of aluminium alloys. However, because aluminium is prone to adhesion even at low temperatures, it can be difficult to avoid its transfer onto the tool. When forming aluminium, lubrication is always required to lower the interfacial shear strength and avoid direct contact between the interacting surfaces, to promote low friction and wear. However, lubricants can fail and significant issues with material transfer arise. Because of this, interruptions are needed for tool refurbishing, this issue affects process efficiency. Developing new or improved lubrication technologies to prevent adhesion and high friction, surface engineering solutions, as well as effective testing platforms related to aluminium forming, are vital. A significant challenge when studying the interaction between lubricant, aluminium, and tools often result in poor reproducibility of tests and uncertainties regarding the effect of lubricant thickness/weight on the friction behavior. Problems associated with reproducibility also affect modelling and simulations of the forming operation, as there are many uncertainties in the experimental campaigns, thus affecting the validation stages. The current study aim is to optimize the tribology test methodology used in the hot strip drawing method, with emphasis on the lubricant application methodology, to improve the reproducibility of tribological tests. Lubricant application methodology was developed by using air-brush equipment, and a consistent amount of lubricant. Different lubricant weights were characterized using two different types of lubricants (graphite-based and polymer-based lubricants), and then the tribological response was evaluated after the tribological tests. Lubricants were applied on cast iron and tool steel (CrN coated) to take into consideration the effect of the surface material and topography on the reproducibility, and consistency of the lubricant application methodology. The hot strip drawing method was used to perform tests at 350°C temperature, 10MPa pressure and 100mm sliding distance. To simulate the forming conditions encountered in hot stamping of aluminium, solubilization of a 6XXX aluminium alloy at 540°C was done before testing. An optical microscope, 3D optical profilometry, and SEM were used for the characterization of specimens after the tribological tests. With the lubricant application method, good reproducibility was obtained and it was determined that, in the case of cast iron, as the amount of both lubricants (polymer-based, graphite-based) increases the effective sliding also increases, but tool steel (CrN coated) shows slightly good results only when lubricant amounts are highest.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the potential of replacing the material 1.4418 (R87), currently used in ABB's PFCL201 load cells, with the material 1.402 (R03). Both materials possess desirable properties, including high strength, toughness and magnetoelastic characteristics, making them suitable for force transducer applications in strip tension systems. However, the scarcity and high cost of R87 necessitate exploring the feasibility of utilizing the more affordable and easily obtainable R03. The research methodology involved a combination of mechanical and thermal simulations, as well as the evaluation of prototype measurements made from R03. Mechanical simulations were conducted to identify a new load cell geometry that would facilitate the use of R03, while thermal simulations focused on comparing the thermal properties of R03 with real-life measurements. Furthermore, prototypes made from R03 were tested to investigate the transducer characteristics of the material. Lastly, a cost analysis was performed, comparing the manufacturing costs associated with R87 and R03. The study yielded promising results. R03 improves the manufacturing process and significantly reduces the costs related to it. A new load cell geometry was identified, which could be manufactured using existing resources at the factory. Thermal simulations demonstrated improvements in the thermal properties when employing R03. However, measurements of the PFCL201-20 kN load cell made from R03, indicated that to maintain the same accuracy class and commutation angle as the current R87 load cells, the nominal load would need to be adjusted to 12 kN instead of 20 kN. Nonetheless, with the identified geometric modifications, R03 load cells could still be utilized as 20 kN load cells. Alternatively, by changing either the accuracy class or commutation angle. This research provides valuable insights into the possibility of replacing the expensive and scarce R87 material with the more cost-effective and readily available R03 in ABB's PFCL201 load cells. The findings offer a foundation for future studies and potential business decisions regarding material selection and load cell design optimization.

Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’émergence de l’art séquentiel aux États-Unis à partir du milieu du XIXe siècle. Né de l’illustration de magazine satirique avant d’aboutir dans les cahiers dominicaux des journaux, ce qu’on nomme d’abord comic (ou comic strip) évolue et s’adapte au gré de l’industrie médiatique à travers des contraintes de production qui répondent bientôt d’habitudes de lecture. S’articulant sur ces procédés à travers une perspective en partie deleuzo-guattarienne, cette thèse propose une interprétation écosophique, axée par des critères sociaux, psychiques et matériels, afin d’étudier les passages transmédiatiques de la bande dessinée jusqu’à la première apogée du strip journalier. Cette approche technocritique, informée par le champ des comics studies, se construit autour de l’analyse de la périodicité et des contraintes de diffusion ainsi que leur compression d’une planche, cherchant à présenter à terme une théorie du rythme de la production et de la lecture de la bande dessinée. Cette conceptualisation passe en partie par une réévaluation de l’œuvre de Sidney Smith, créateur de The Gumps, et de son recours à des stratégies de sérialisation épisodique. Ancien chalk talker (une profession d’animateur-dessinateur de foule), Smith sert de fil conducteur à cette réflexion sur le rythme et la répétition de la BD dont le corpus inclus aussi de nombreux cartoonists importants du début du XXe siècle (Lyonel Feininger, Bud Fisher, George Herriman, Frank King et Winsor McCay). / This dissertation focuses on the emergence of sequential art in the United States from the middle of the 19th century. Born from the illustration of satirical magazines before ending up in the Sunday pages of newspapers, what was first called a comic (or comic strip) changes and adapts to the liking of the media industry through production constraints that will soon meet reading habits. Articulating these processes through a Deleuzo-Guattarian perspective, this thesis proposes an ecosophical interpretation, framed by social, psychic, and material factors, in order to study the transmedia growth of American sequential art up to the first apogee of the daily strip. This technocritical approach, informed by the field of comics studies, is built around the analysis of periodicity and distribution constraints and how they compress a page, seeking to present a theory of rhythm for the reading and production of comics. Part of this conceptualization involves a reassessment of the work of Sidney Smith, creator of The Gumps, and his use of episodic serialization strategies. A former chalk talker, Smith serves as a guide for this reflection on the rhythm and repetition of comics, the corpus of which also includes many important cartoonists from the beginning of the 20th century (Lyonel Feininger, Bud Fisher, George Herriman, Frank King, and Winsor McCay).