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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
161

Neural correlates of life satisfaction : A systematic review

Talic, Erna, Värk, Kadri January 2024 (has links)
Life satisfaction is a key aspect of subjective well-being (SWB) and is often referred to as an individual’s cognitive assessment of their overall life. Measured by tools such as the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), life satisfaction is crucial for reliably assessing SWB. It serves as a stable measure, reflecting long-term judgements of SWB - unlike affect measures that capture more short-term judgements influenced by situational variability. While the SWLS demonstrates internal consistency, the neural correlates of life satisfaction remain largely unknown, limiting our comprehension of SWB’s cognitive dimension. This systematic review aims to bridge the gap by comprehensively examining relevant literature, emphasizing resting-state neuroimaging studies. Despite methodological differences, the authors discovered relationships between brain structures and life satisfaction, revealing a spectrum of associations ranging from positive to negative, alongside correlations with varying strengths. These structures include the left SFG, bilateral MFG, frontoinsular cortex, and other areas correlated with microstructural connections, including the SPL, IPL and TPJ. Considering the novelty and limited establishment of this subject, ongoing research is crucial for uncovering the precise neural correlates of life satisfaction.
162

Racial/Ethnic Heterogeneity, Religion, and Mental Health: Examining the Influence of Religiosity on African American and Afro-Caribbean Subjective Well-Being

Momplaisir, Hans 05 July 2018 (has links)
Religion is important to most African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. Church attendance is positively associated with aspects of subjective well-being. However, research concerning the influence of religiosity on African Americans' and Afro-Caribbeans' subjective well-being is scarce. Research into whether measures other than church attendance is positively linked to measures of subjective well-being is thin. In addition, investigations into which mechanisms shape religion's impact on subjective well-being for both groups are also lacking. Next, investigations into whether religiosity buffers the influence of stressors on subjective well-being is limited. To address these concerns this three-part study examined the relationship among race/ethnicity, dimensions of religiosity, psychological and social resources, stressors, and subjective well-being for African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. I used data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL; Jackson et al. 2004) to conduct my investigation. Collectively these studies address the following overarching research questions: Is religiosity (organizational religious involvement and non-organizational religious involvement) associated with better subjective well-being for both African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans? Does religious social support mediate the relationship between religiosity and subjective well-being? Does racial discrimination adversely impact subjective well-being for African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans? Does religiosity buffer the adverse impact of racial discrimination on subjective well-being for both groups? Does religiosity interact with financial stress to influence subjective well-being? Does self-esteem mediate any buffering effects of religiosity on this relationship? Results showed that organizational religious involvement was positively associated with African American and Afro-Caribbean's subjective well-being. Non-organizational religious involvement had no association with most measures (Only position on the life ladder). Organizational religious involvement benefited happiness, life satisfaction, and position on life ladder more for Afro-Caribbean immigrants than African Americans and U.S born Afro-Caribbeans. Religious social support partially mediated the relationships between organizational religious involvement and life satisfaction and position on the life ladder for African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. Organizational religious involvement fully mediated the relationship between organizational religious involvement and self-rated mental health for both groups. Next, organizational religious involvement did not help protect subjective well-being against the negative effects of racial discrimination for African Americans. Organizational religious involvement alleviated the negative impact of racial discrimination on happiness more for Afro-Caribbean non-immigrants and the other two groups. In addition, organizational religious involvement buffered the negative effect of racial discrimination on being on a better position on the life ladder more for Afro-Caribbean immigrants than their counterparts. Finally, organizational religious involvement was associated with less adverse effects of financial stress on subjective well-being. Organizational religious involvement buffered the deleterious effect of financial stress on subjective well-being by protecting self-esteem. / Ph. D. / Religion is important to most African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. However, research regarding the influence of religious involvement on African Americans’ and Afro-Caribbeans’ subjective well-being (happiness, life satisfaction, self-rated mental health, position on the life ladder) is not common. In addition, research into which factors explain religious involvement’s impact on subjective well-being for both groups are also lacking. I used data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) to conduct my study into these areas. Results showed that being involved in church activities was positively related with subjective well-being for African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. However, the influence was greater for Afro-Caribbean immigrants than African Americans and U.S born Afro-Caribbeans. Social support from church members partially explained why being involved led to better life satisfaction and position on the life ladder for African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. Social support from church members fully explained the relationship between organizational religious involvement and self-rated mental health for both groups. Next, being involved in church activities did not reduce the negative impact of racial discrimination on subjective well-being for African Americans. Organizational religious involvement eased the negative impact of racial discrimination on happiness less for Afro-Caribbean non-immigrants and the other two groups. In addition, being involved in church activities protected against the negative effect of racial discrimination on position on the life ladder more for Afro-Caribbean immigrants than their counterparts. Finally, being involved in church activities reduced the negative effects of financial stress on subjective well-being. Being involved in church activities protected people’s self-esteem and thus reduced negative effect of financial stress on their subjective well-being.
163

The effects of time-perspective and character-strengths on the success, psychological health and subjective well-being of undergraduate students

Griffin, Edward January 2014 (has links)
The student experience is a unique journey of challenge and opportunity, for which their success, subjective well-being (SWB) and psychological health are key elements. In three related investigations, this mixed-methods research programme examined the effects of Time-Perspective (TP: An individual’s psychological relationship with time) and Character-Strengths (CS: 24-positive traits associated with good character) on these outcomes. Investigation 1 involved developing a Likert-type scale to measure students’ success in areas they felt were important to the construct. Qualitative content analysis identified that HE students and staff collectively defined success as a multifaceted construct, consisting of numerous academic, non-academic and social aspects. These informed the development of a reliable and valid questionnaire for measuring success perceptions in seven of these areas. This was used in the following investigation to assess a range of outcome variables pertaining to student success. Investigation 2 was a longitudinal study assessing the effects of TP and CS on the success, good/poor psychological health and SWB of Year-1 HE students. In line with previous research, excessive or insufficient use of certain TP orientations was associated with, and could predict multiple positive and negative outcomes. For example, Future and Past-Positive orientations were predictive of academic success, perceived student success and SWB. Student psychological problems were associated with a bias towards Past-Negative and Present-Fatalist orientations. Additionally, a new formula for calculating a continuous Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) variable was devised and tested. High levels of BTP were associated with many positive aspects of the HE experience. Strengths were mainly associated with SWB and perceptions of success. However, Hope and Self-Regulation were inversely related with depression, anxiety, stress and negative-affect. Investigation 3 was a follow-up interview study with six student participants, who presented interesting profiles in Investigation 2. They talked about their experiences of psychological ill-health/well-being and student success in relation to TP and CS. Five super-ordinate themes were identified, including ‘Living with negative past experiences’, ‘A balancing act’ and ‘Using my strengths’. Psychological difficulties represent an escalating problem in HE, and student success and SWB are important outcomes. Both TP and CS offer additional understandings of these areas, adding value in academic, practical and theoretical contexts. This research has indicated that interventions focused on TP modification (i.e. developing a BTP) and strength development, may potentially offer preventative mental-illness strategies for susceptible students and enhance their success and SWB.
164

Essays on the Determinants and Measurement of Subjective Well-Being

Berlin, Martin January 2017 (has links)
This thesis consists of four self-contained essays in economics, all concerned with different aspects of subjective well-being. The abstracts of the four studies are as follows. Beyond Income: The Importance for Life Satisfaction of Having Access to a Cash Margin. We study how life satisfaction among adult Swedes is influenced by having access to a cash margin, i.e. a moderate amount of money that could be acquired on short notice either through own savings, by loan from family or friends, or by other means. We find that cash margin is a strong and robust predictor of life satisfaction, also when controlling for individual fixed effects and socio-economic conditions, including income. Decomposing Variation in Daily Feelings: The Role of Time Use and Individual Characteristics. I explore the potential of using time-use data for understanding variation in affective well-being. Using the Princeton Affect and Time Survey, I decompose variation in daily affect into explained and unexplained within- and between person variation. Time use is found to mostly account for within-variation. Hence, its explanatory power is largely additive to that of individual characteristics. The explanatory power of time use is small, however. Activities only account for 1–7% of the total variation and this is not increased much by adding contextual variables. The Association Between Life Satisfaction and Affective Well-Being. We estimate the correlation between life satisfaction and affect — two conceptually distinct dimensions of subjective well-being. We propose a simple model that distinguishes between a stable and a transitory component of affect, and which also accounts for measurement error in self-reports of both variables, including current-mood bias effects on life satisfaction judgments. The model is estimated using momentarily measured well-being data, from an experience sampling survey that we conducted on a population sample of Swedes aged 18–50 (n=252). Our main estimates of the correlation between life satisfaction and long-run affective well-being range between 0.78 and 0.91, indicating a stronger convergence between these variables than many previous studies that do not account for measurement issues. Do OLS and Ordinal Happiness Regressions Yield Different Results? A Quantitative Assessment. Self-reported subjective well-being scores are often viewed as ordinal variables, but the conventional wisdom has it that OLS and ordered regression models (e.g. ordered probit) produce similar results when applied to such data. This claim has rarely been assessed formally, however, in particular with respect to quantifying the differences. I shed light on this issue by comparing the results from OLS and different ordered regression models, in terms of both statistical and economic significance, and across data sets with different response scales for measuring life satisfaction. The results are mixed. The differences between OLS, probit and logit estimates are typically small when the response scale has few categories, but larger, though not huge, when an 11-point scale is used. Moreover, when the error term is assumed to follow a skewed distribution, larger discrepancies are found throughout. I find a similar pattern in simulations, in which I assess how different methods perform with respect to the true parameters of interest, rather than to each other.
165

Životní spokojenost a akulturace u imigrantů v České republice / Life Satisfaction and Acculturation among Immigrants in the Czech Republic

Gembčíková, Sandra January 2015 (has links)
This master thesis is dedicated to an acculturation process and its relations to life satisfaction. In the theoretical part the concept of acculturation is presented and conceived as changes accompanying migration to a foreign country. Different acculturation strategies are described, as well as some of the factors that affect influence the complex process of acculturation. One of the chapters is dedicated to a Czech milieu and its legislative and social conditions for immigration, and describing two main third country migrant populations - Ukrainians and Vietnamese. Theoretical part is wrapped up with an introduction to subjective well-being and life satisfaction, with a focus on intercultural context. The empirical part consists of a description and results of a quantitative questionnaire survey among immigrants originally from Vietnam and Ukraine (N = 162) and it is based on Acculturation Scale (Cortés, Rogler, Malgady, 1994), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin, 1985) and Bicultural Identity Integration Scale (Chen, Benet-Martínez, Bond, 2008). Most of the respondents adopted integration strategy, however there wasn't a significant difference in life satisfaction among acculturation strategies. The data analysis found several significant variables which participate on...
166

Flow: o que é isso? um estudo psicológico sobre experiências ótimas de fluxo na consciência, sob a perspectiva da psicologia positiva / Flow: What is it? A psychological study on optimal experience of flow in consciousness, from the perspective of Positive Psychology

Kamei, Helder Hiroki 30 August 2010 (has links)
O presente trabalho visa compreender o que são as experiências de flow, investigando e verificando a qualidade da experiência subjetiva durante a prática de uma determinada atividade intrinsecamente motivadora (a dança-de-salão). Flow é um conceito desenvolvido por Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, co-fundador do movimento conhecido como Psicologia Positiva, que foi idealizado em 1998 por Martin Seligman. Um dos principais campos temáticos das pesquisas em Psicologia Positiva consiste nos estudos sobre felicidade, sendo que este trabalho pretende contribuir para as pesquisas sobre felicidade e bem-estar subjetivo no Brasil. Para apreender as qualidades da experiência de flow, optou-se pelo método qualitativo e preferiu-se partir da narrativa dos próprios sujeitos, empregando a técnica da entrevista-narrativa norteada por roteiro semi-estruturado. As entrevistas foram realizadas em 6 escolas de dança-de-salão na cidade de São Paulo, sendo selecionados vinte participantes do gênero masculino e feminino, entre 20 e 40 anos de idade, dentre eles 10 alunos que praticavam a dança-de-salão como atividade de lazer e 10 profissionais, professores de dança. Para analisar os depoimentos, foi utilizado o método de derivação empírica das categorias (Csikszentmihalyi & Robinson, 1990), sendo estas apresentadas por meio de citações e quantidades. As citações são trechos de depoimentos que ilustram uma determinada categoria, enquanto as quantidades sinalizam a importância de cada tópico dentro do conjunto das narrativas. As dimensões, categorias, sub-categorias e variáveis levantadas a partir das narrativas dos sujeitos foram comparadas com as características do flow e condições para sua ocorrência conforme descritas por Csikszentmihalyi em sua teoria, para verificar a existência de possíveis concordâncias e discordâncias. Foram identificadas 4 dimensões da experiência subjetiva durante a atividade de flow: motivacional, emocional, cognitiva e perceptiva, além de uma dimensão relacionada às conseqüências da prática desta atividade. Os resultados indicaram que, durante a experiência de flow, há presença de alta motivação intrínseca, emoções e sentimentos positivos, alta concentração, atenção focada na atividade e no momento presente, percepção de controle corporal e mental, distorção da experiência temporal e um feedback positivo sobre o desempenho, o que eleva a qualidade da experiência subjetiva a níveis ótimos. Os resultados apontaram que a vivência de experiências de flow ou de outros estados subjetivos, como ansiedade, tédio ou relaxamento, dependem principalmente do nível e do equilíbrio entre, de um lado, os desafios e dificuldades demandadas pela atividade, e de outro, pelas capacidades e habilidades do indivíduo. Houve concordâncias em sete das oito dimensões do flow, conforme descritas por Csikszentmihalyi e colaboradores. Houve discordância em relação a uma dimensão: perda da autoconsciência reflexiva e transcendência das fronteiras do self. Como conseqüências da prática da atividade de flow, verificamos aumento da auto-estima após a dança e crescimento pessoal em diversos aspectos, principalmente sociais, de personalidade e emocionais / The current work aims at understanding what the experiences of flow are, investigating and verifying the quality of subjective experience during the practice of an activity intrinsically motivating (ballroom dance). Flow is a concept developed by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, cofounder of the movement known as Positive Psychology, which was designed in 1998 by Martin Seligman. One of the main thematic areas of research in Positive Psychology is the study of happiness, and this work aims at contributing to research on happiness and subjective well-being in Brazil. To understand the qualities of the experience of flow, the qualitative method was chosen and it was preferred to start from the subjects own narrative, employing the technique of interview-narratives conducted by a semi-structured guideline. The interviews were conducted in 6 schools of ballroom dance in the city of São Paulo, twenty participants were selected male and female, between 20 and 40 years of age, among them 10 students who practiced the ballroom dance as a leisure activity, and 10 professional dance teachers. To analyze the testimonials, we used the method of derivation of empirical categories (Csikszentmihalyi & Robinson, 1990),, which are presented through quotations and quantities. The quotations are excerpts from testimonials that illustrate a particular category, while quantities indicate the importance of each topic within the set of narratives. The dimensions, categories, sub-categories and variables raised through the narratives of the subjects were compared with the characteristics of flow and conditions for its occurrence as described by Csikszentmihalyi in his theory, to check for possible consistencies and inconsistencies. We identified four dimensions of subjective experience during the flow activity: motivational, emotional, cognitive and perceptive, and a dimension related to consequences of the activity practice. The results indicated that during the experience of flow, there is presence of high intrinsic motivation, positive emotions and feelings, high concentration, focused attention on activity at the present moment, perception of body and mental control, distortion of temporal experience and positive feedback on performance, which raises the quality of subjective experience to optimal levels. The results showed that the living experience of flow or other subjective states such as anxiety, boredom or relaxation, depends mainly on the level and balance between, on one hand, the challenges and difficulties demanded by the activity, and on the other, by the capabilities and abilities of the individual. There was agreement in seven of eight dimensions of flow, as described by Csikszentmihalyi and colleagues. There was disagreement in one dimension: loss of reflective selfconsciousness and transcendence of boundaries of self. As consequences of the practice of the flow activity, we found an increasing in self-esteem after the dance and personal growth in various aspects, mainly social, personality and emotional
167

RELAÇÕES ENTRE PERCEPÇÕES DE JUSTIÇA E BEM-ESTAR: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A ATITUDE FRENTE À PENA RECEBIDA.

Costa, Michella Régia Enrica 19 March 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:20:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michella Regia Enrica Costa.pdf: 775636 bytes, checksum: c950b6cf5f803fbe80f45b405e44ed0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-19 / In seeking to understand the relationships that permeate the fulfillment of the alternative penalty, this study aimed to investigate the impact of justice perceptions on the attitude and subjective well-being of the convict. Therefore, the study was divided into two parts. The first explores the conceptual parameters about the theories that formed the theoretical basis of the research and the second refers to the empirical study itself and deals with the possible correlations between the variables. The subjects selected for the empirical study were doers of penalties and alternative measures monitored by Interdisciplinary Criminal Sector, linked to the sentencing stick and alternative measures of Criminal Forum of Goiânia-GO. The participants were recruited by convenience regardless of age, sex or education and invited to respond freely scales about crime, penalty and about their satisfaction with life. After the quantitative data analysis, confirmed the general hypothesis that subjective well-being of the convict is positively associated with the accurate perception of the procedures performed during the trial, however, this relationship is better explained when mediated by attitude penalty received. Thus, it was found that the attitude towards the penalty is what makes difference in subjective well-being of the one who commits a crime. It is hoped that this result enriches the scientific literature, stimulate new research, contribute to a more accurate view about the offender, and finally provide the judiciary new direction for appropriateness of the penalty. / Na busca pela compreensão das relações que permeiam o cumprimento da pena alternativa, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar o impacto das percepções de justiça sobre a atitude e o bem-estar subjetivo do apenado. Para tanto, o estudo foi dividido em duas partes. A primeira explora os parâmetros conceituais acerca das teorias que compuseram a fundamentação teórica da pesquisa e a segunda, refere-se ao estudo empírico propriamente dito e versa sobre as possíveis relações entre as variáveis. Os sujeitos selecionados para o estudo empírico foram cumpridores de penas e medidas alternativas, monitorados pelo Setor Interdisciplinar Penal, vinculado à vara de execução de penas e medidas alternativas do Fórum Criminal de Goiânia-GO. Os participantes foram recrutados por conveniência, independentemente de idade, sexo ou escolaridade e convidados a responderem livremente escalas acerca do crime, da pena e sobre sua satisfação com a vida. Após a análise quantitativa dos dados, confirmou-se a hipótese genérica de que o bem-estar subjetivo do apenado está associado positivamente à percepção justa dos procedimentos realizados durante o julgamento, porém, esta relação é bem melhor explicada quando mediada pela atitude frente à pena recebida. Assim, foi possível constatar que a atitude frente à pena é o que faz diferença no bem-estar subjetivo daquele que comete um crime. Espera-se com este resultado enriquecer a literatura científica, estimular novas pesquisas, contribuir para um olhar mais acurado acerca do autor do crime, e, finalmente, proporcionar ao poder judiciário novo direcionamento para adequação da pena.
168

Resiliência: análise das estratégias de enfrentamento de pacientes em tratamento radioterápico.

Paula Junior, Wanderley de 30 January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wanderley de Paula Junior.pdf: 489443 bytes, checksum: 7b274c88985592b3a664ee29208f2b5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-30 / This study presents a theorical review and an empirical inquiry on subjects: resilience, coping, stress and subjective well-being. The bibliographical review is presented on chapter 1 after a deep investigation and intense researches on articles and books about the subject above quoted. In chapter 2 and 3 it s presented the articles about the research done with 60 patients in radiotherapy treatment. In the first article the goal was to describe the ways patients faced the treatment and also to have a perception of the subjective well-being according to the discussion of resilience. In the second article the objective was to analyse the relationship among coping, resilience and subjective well-being. The results of this inquiry showed the social support, especially the family, the religion and the individual characteristics, as their main support when it comes to facing the illness and its treatment. In the coping strategies, the patients reported having used more the approach strategies (M = 38,64 and DP = 9,66) rather than the avoiding one (M = 26 and DP = 7,89). About the well-being , the participants reported a better positive affection, better satisfaction with life rather than the negative affection and less insatisfaction with life. To the stress symptoms the highest score was to the phycological ones (M = 16,13 and DP = 11, 13) instead of the physical (M =11,69 and DP = 5, 98). The numbers showed important information when they said that the approach strategies, focused on the problem, may be related to the emotional adjustment and also to the subjective well-being. / O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão teórica e uma pesquisa empírica sobre os temas: resiliência, coping, estresse e bem-estar subjetivo. A revisão bibliográfica é apresentada no capítulo 1, fruto de investigação e compilação de artigos e livros sobre os assuntos acima citados. Nos capítulos 2 e 3 são apresentados os artigos referentes à pesquisa de campo com 60 pacientes com câncer em radioterapia. O primeiro artigo visa descrever as formas de enfrentamento psicológico e a percepção de bem-estar subjetivo dos participantes da pesquisa respaldados na discussão sobre resiliência. No segundo artigo o objetivo foi analisar a relação existente entre coping, resiliência e bem-estar subjetivo na mesma amostra. Os resultados apontaram a rede de apoio social, principalmente a família, a religião e as características individuais como aspectos fundamentais de apoio no enfrentamento da doença e tratamento. Quanto às estratégias de coping os participantes relataram um uso superior de estratégias de aproximação (M = 38,64 e DP = 9,66), do que de evitação (M = 26,12 e DP = 7,89). Quanto ao bem-estar os participantes informaram mais afeto positivo, maior satisfação com a vida do que afeto negativo e menos insatisfação com a vida. Para os sintomas do estresse a maior pontuação foi para sintomas psicológicos (M = 16,13 e DP = 11,13) em relação aos sintomas físicos (M = 11,69 e DP = 5,98). Os dados forneceram informações importantes ao apontar que as estratégias de aproximação, focadas no problema, podem estar relacionadas ao ajustamento emocional e bem-estar subjetivo.
169

Coping e Dimensões Afetivas do Bem-estar Subjetivo: Um Estudo com Trabalhadores da Educação

Silva, Eliete Neves da 13 March 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliete Neves da Silva.pdf: 338303 bytes, checksum: 798b32445fc040401fe26fc1927b31e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-13 / The goal of this study was the analysis of the existing relationship between two affective dimensions of the subjective well-being, strategies of coping, and sociodemographic factors in workers in the Municipal Department of Education, Science and Technology (SEMECT) in Anápolis (GO). For such, the most stressful events experienced were described in the work context, as well as the coping strategies most often used and the prevailing affects experienced. The sample was composed of 212 government workers engaged in administrative tasks and in teaching, the average age was that of 36,61 with (DP=8,59). The measuring instruments were: Coping Response Inventory and the Scale of Positive and Negative Affects at Work. The descriptive analysis of the estressores told in the scale of coping presents the relationary problems (56.1%) with the highest predominance. The strategies most used were: resolution of problems, logic analysis, and cognitive reevaluation. In what concerns the positive and negative factors, there was the prevalence of positive affects. The results of multiple regression applied to the predictive factors analysis of the positive affects indicated that the ability of positive reevaluation showed itself meaningful in the prediction of the positive affects and reflect the approximation of coping to its cognitive dimension. In reference to the socio-demographic variables (time of service, office function, and supervision) in relation to the coping strategies, only the ability to seek social guidance/support in the time of service dimension showed significance. / Este estudo teve como objetivo a análise das relações existentes entre as dimensões afetivas do bem-estar subjetivo, estratégias de coping e fatores sócio-demográficos em trabalhadores da Secretaria Municipal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (SEMECT) de Anápolis (GO). Para tal, descreveram-se os tipos de eventos estressantes mais vivenciados no contexto do trabalho, as estratégias de coping mais utilizadas e identificou-se a prevalência dos afetos vivenciados. A amostra foi composta por 212 servidores ocupando funções administrativas e de docência, a idade média foi de 36,61 anos com (DP=8,59). Os instrumentos de medida foram: Coping Response Inventory e Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos no Trabalho. A análise descritiva dos estressores relatados na escala de coping apresenta os problemas relacionais (56,1%) com a maior predominância. As estratégias mais utilizadas foram: resolução de problemas, análise lógica e reavaliação cognitiva. No que concerne aos afetos positivos e negativos, houve prevalência dos afetos positivos. Os resultados de regressão múltipla aplicada à análise dos fatores preditivos dos afetos positivos apontaram que a habilidade de reavaliação positiva mostrou-se significativa na predição dos afetos positivos e reflete o coping de aproximação cognitiva. No que se refere às variáveis sócio-demográficas (tempo de serviço, função exercida e cargo de chefia) na relação com estratégias de coping, apenas a habilidade busca de guia/suporte social na dimensão tempo de serviço mostrou-se significativa.
170

Suporte Organizacional, Coping e Dimensões Afetivas do Bemestar Subjetivo: Um Estudo com Jovens Aprendizes

Maciel, Adriana Perim 15 March 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Perim Maciel.pdf: 655565 bytes, checksum: 00d2ae0d46c31e5df8a91c3d50fe751f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-15 / This study aimed to analyze the relations among organizational support perception, coping strategies, affective dimensions of subjective well-being, and sociodemographic factors in young learners. The sample were composed for 200 young learners, aged between completed 14 and incompleted 24 years old. The measuring instruments were: Scale of Organizational Support Perception, Coping Response Inventory - Youth Form and the Scale of Positive and Negative Affects at Work. The descriptive analysis of the stressing problems presents the relationals with higher prevalence, 53%. The most used strategies were: problem solving, logical analysis and positive re-evaluation. Regarding to the positive and negative affects, there were a predominance of positive affect. The results of multiple regression applied to the analysis of predictors of positive affects indicated that the factors of organizational support perception: management style of leadership, material support, promotion and salaries showed a significant relation with positive affects. Regarding to coping strategies, the problem solving and the search for gratification presented positive correlation and the acceptance / resignation presented a negative correlation with positive affects. Among the socio-demographic variables (age, sex, education, family income, length of service) only age and education showed significant relations with positive and negative affects. In order to conclude, the organizational variable - organizational support - showed higher correlation with the experience of positive affect than the individual variable - coping. / Este estudo teve como objetivo a análise das relações existentes entre a percepção de suporte organizacional, as estratégias de coping, dimensões afetivas do bem-estar subjetivo e fatores sócio-demográficos em jovens aprendizes. A amostra foi composta por 200 jovens aprendizes, com idade entre 14 anos completos a 24 anos incompletos. Os instrumentos de medida foram: Escala de Suporte Organizacional Percebido, Coping Response Inventory Youth Form e a Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos no Trabalho. A análise descritiva dos problemas estressantes apresenta os relacionais com a maior predominância, 53%. As estratégias mais utilizadas foram: resolução de problemas, análise lógica e reavaliação positiva. No que concerne aos afetos positivos e negativos, houve predominância dos afetos positivos. Os resultados da regressão múltipla aplicada à análise dos preditores dos afetos positivos apontaram que os fatores de percepção de suporte organizacional: estilo de gestão da chefia, suporte material, ascensão e salários mostraram relação significativa com os afetos positivos. No que tange as estratégias de coping, a resolução de problemas e a busca de gratificação apresentaram correlação positiva e a aceitação/resignação correlação negativa com os afetos positivos. Dentre às variáveis sócio-demograficas (idade, sexo, escolaridade, renda familiar, tempo de serviço) apenas a idade e a escolaridade apresentaram relações de significância com os afetos positivos e negativos. A guisa de conclusão, a variável organizacional suporte organizacional - demonstrou maior correlação com a vivência de afetos positivos que a variável individual coping.

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