Unseen, unheard and unconsidered, Qatar’s migrant worker population is building one of the richest countries in the world. They labor in Qatar’s high heat index1 climate, which is coincidentally comparable to an Oriental sauna, wearing the most rudimentary of clothes. Working up to 60 hours a week, migrant workers fall victim to heat stress and dozens are hospitalized daily, starting as early as March and increasing in numbers during the peak months of June to August. Since clothes are essentially a “second skin,” affecting the rate and efficiency with which heat is exchanged between the body and its surroundings, a concept garment was designed to improve thermal comfort. Low-tech, indigenous heat-management systems are combined with new technologies and knowledge of human physiology to design a two-layer suit that aims to optimize heat exchange mechanisms. The suit enhances radiation, convection and evaporation by having a snug-fitting inner wicking layer and a loose-cut outer shell, and by using strategically placed vents, perforations, and Phase Change Material (PCM) packs. Using fiction as a medium of social commentary and critical design, the concept suit borrows from the superhero aesthetic to present the migrant worker in a new light. The suit denotes power, symbolizing the superhuman feat these workers perform and their true worth to the economy. Its aesthetic and function aim to improve worker morale and performance. Mapping, scoping and primary and secondary qualitative and quantitative research have been used throughout the design process. This is in addition to an ethnographic study, field observations, material explorations, body storming and experimentation.

The thesis entitled "Stimulation of people with physical and multiple disabilities - using the TheraSuit Method" focuses on the using of different stimulation methods in the care of people with physical and multiple disabilities and is aimed in particular mentioned method TheraSuit and its modifications (Klim-Therapy) whose main element is a special support suit. In the Czech Republic, this method has been used for relatively short time. It is a little widespread, especially due to financial demands. The clients have to pay the therapy almost themselves. Therefore, the thesis aims to gather available information about the method using special support suit. Another objective is to obtain a quantitative overview of the research on the awareness and attitudes of adult clients of selected institutions for people with physical and multiple disabilities, their parents of children with physical and multiple disabilities and staff who work with these people, to discuss methods and new methods of stimulation at all. The thesis also focuses on other stimulation methods used in selected institutions providing services to peoples with physical and multiple disabilities.

O regime da ação civil pública baseia-se no Código de Defesa do Consumidor e na Lei da Ação Civil Pública. A legitimidade sindical fundamenta-se na previsão constitucional do artigo 8º, inciso III, e na autorização concedida de forma genérica às associações na Lei da Ação Civil Pública, artigo 5º, inciso V e no Código de Defesa do Consumidor, artigo 82, inciso IV. O Código de Defesa do Consumidor organizou os interesses em três categorias: os interesses difusos, coletivos, e individuais homogêneos. Os interesses difusos são os que geram maior oposição da doutrina em relação à legitimidade sindical, em razão de sua amplitude quando comparado com a noção de categoria. Mas é possível fundamentar a legitimidade sindical em relação aos interesses difusos com base no Princípio Democrático e na Teoria dos Direitos Fundamentais. No processo coletivo, a regra geral é que o legitimado é um terceiro em relação ao direito material discutido no processo. A legitimação é concorrente, exclusiva e disjuntiva. A doutrina aceita os requisitos da pertinência temática e o período de pré-constituição da associação; mas considera obstativos da demanda coletiva os requisitos que exigem a autorização assemblear e a individualização dos substituídos. No Brasil, questiona-se a existência do requisito da representatividade adequada da class action. Este requisito somente pode ser avaliado em relação ao legitimado no caso concreto pelo juiz, mas muitos entendem que a legislação já fez essa avaliação ao autorizar abstratamente a legitimação. A doutrina assinala, ainda, que esse requisito somente será aplicável em relação às associações e sindicatos. / The civil public action was governed by Code of Protection of the Consumers and the Law of Civil Public Action. The standing to sue of the labor union in the civil public action was accepted by the article 8°, III from the Brazilian Constitution and by a generic allowance to associations at the article 5°, V of the Law of Civil Public Action and the article 82, IV, of Code of Protection of the Consumers. The Code of Protection of the Consumers creates three kind of general interests: diffuse, collective and homogeneous individual interests. There is opposition again standing to sue of the labor union relative to the diffuse interest, because that kind of interest is more widely spread out than the labor class that the labor union represents. The standing to sue of the labor union in the case of the diffuse interest is based on the Democratic Principle and the Human Rights Theory. In the collective suit, the general rule is that the party to suit is a third one in relation with the person that is connected with the substantive law effects. The standing to sue in the civil public action is considered free to all of the collective players that are mentioned by the law, without any hierarchy among them. About the requirement imposed by the Law, doctrine accept the thematic pertinence and the time of one year of the settlement of the association; but take as obstructive the requirements that impose the name of members of the group and the permission decided in special meeting of the labor union or civil association. There is doubt about the existence of the requirement of the adequacy of representation, from the American class action, in the civil public action. That requirement must be analyzed by the judge, but most of the doctrine affirms that the adequacy of representation was made by the lawmaker when they choose which one would have the standing to sue. Most of the doctrine asseverates that the adequacy of representation is necessary only for the private entities.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Larissa Aveno Ordonez de Andrade Galvao.pdf: 1357142 bytes, checksum: 7f33093aeaa8e01d5b303fc6322874d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-25 / This study results from a questioning involving two legal institutes, to wit: ex delicto civil claim and fraud committed against creditors during an execution suit, that is to say, in which moment one can declare the fraud committed during an execution suit when you have a connection between the civil scope and the criminal one (ex delicto civil claim)? Thus, this study is dedicated to the analysis of the ex delicto Civil Claim and its remediating action on damages arising out of fraudulent activity, the concept of damage per se and its classifications, its legal nature, its feasibility, its hybrid character in the context of legitimated criminal and civil law, the role of the Public Authorities towards the defenses of the individual´s interests without resources enough to enable one´s defense, its processing aspects, the effects resulting from decisions taken under criminal scope and likewise. Moreover, this study provides the analysis of the legal institute of fraud committed against creditors during an execution suit since the study of fraud in general, fraud against creditors, characteristics, requisites and the precedent conditions of a process, the interpleader´s figure and at last, a general overview on the New Civil Procedure Code concerning the legal institute of fraud committed against creditors during an execution suit. I did conclude that in spite of not being a process´ innovation, both doctrine and jurisprudence diverge on several issues as to the fraud institute, mainly on its configuring assumptions what makes its statement difficult when you have a multidisciplinary relationship between the civil and the criminal process, which is the case of the ex delicto civil claim analyzed hereby / O presente estudo decorre de uma indagação envolvendo dois institutos o da ação civil ex delicto e da fraude à execução, ou seja, em qual momento se declara a fraude à execução quando se tem uma ligação entre o âmbito civil e o penal (ação civil ex delicto)? Para tanto, se faz análise do instituto da Ação Civil ex delicto e a sua função reparadora dos danos advindos da atividade delituosa, o conceito de dano em si e suas classificações, a natureza jurídica, cabimento, seu caráter híbrido no contexto do direito penal e civil, legitimados, o papel do Poder Público frente à defesa dos interesses do titular desprovido de recursos para viabilizá-la, seus aspectos processuais, os efeitos advindos das decisões do âmbito penal e da mesma forma, se faz a análise do instituto da fraude à execução, passando pelo estudo da fraude em geral, fraude contra credores, hipótese configuradoras, requisitos e pressupostos processuais, a figura dos embargos de terceiro, e por fim um panorama geral do Novo Código de Processo Civil em relação ao instituto da fraude à execução. Conclui que o instituto da fraude embora não seja uma inovação processual, tanto a doutrina como as jurisprudências divergem em diversas questões, principalmente quanto aos pressupostos configuradores, o que dificulta a sua declaração quando se tem uma relação multidisciplinar, entre o processo penal e o processo civil, que é o caso da ação civil ex delicto

Cette thèse propose de réévaluer nos connaissances sur le mobilier de parure daté du Premier âge du Fer (800-400 a.C.) dans une zone comprise entre le sud-ouest de la France et le nord-ouest de l'Espagne. La large emprise géographique de ce travail, à cheval sur deux pays aux traditions de recherche distinctes, est déterminée par des résultats antérieurs qui avaient pu mettre en exergue plusieurs rapprochements typologiques entre ces deux régions sans en dessiner précisément les contours. L'objectif est donc de pallier ce manque et de porter une analyse à la fois chronologique, spatiale, culturelle et sociale du mobilier d'apparat. Pour ce faire, cette thèse s'appuie sur un corpus de parures issues de fouilles anciennes et récentes rassemblées dans une base de données relationnelles. La première étape d'analyse est réservée à la mise en place de typologies. Les relations taphonomiques des objets et les comparaisons avec les vestiges similaires venant de régions extérieures à notre cadre d'étude permettent d'actualiser les chronologies connues jusqu'alors pour les parures. Lors d'une seconde étape, la synthèse typo-chronologique du corpus découvert en contexte funéraire mène à la reconnaissance d'un phasage chronologique général. Ce phasage, qui partitionne en trois horizons l'intervalle retenu, est marqué d'une part par sa proximité avec celui reconnu dans le sud-est de la France, et d'autre part par un léger décalage entre les phénomènes observés sur les sites établis au nord et au sud des Pyrénées. Fondée sur cette trame chronologique, l'analyse spatiale du corpus permet de rendre compte de l'emprise territoriale de faciès mobiliers locaux et de leurs évolutions dans le temps. L'identification d'un faciès "pyrénéen" et son expansion à la fin du Premier âge du Fer est l'un des apports majeurs de cette étude. Enfin, lors d'une troisième et dernière étape, cette thèse propose une analyse sur les porteurs de parures. L'utilisation d'analyses factorielles de correspondances (AFC) autorisent la reconnaissance de divers costumes funéraires pour lesquels les parures jouent un rôle prépondérant dans la représentation d'un système social organisé et complexe. / This thesis proposes to re-evaluate our knowledge on ornamental furniture dated to the Early Iron Age (800-400 BC) in an area between southwest France and northwest Spain. The wide geographical scope of this work, taking place between two countries with distinct research traditions, is determined by previous results that had been able to highlight several typological similarities between these two regions without precisely drawing their outlines. The objective is to fill this gap and to provide an analysis that is chronological, spatial, cultural and social of the ceremonial furniture. To do this, this thesis is based on a corpus of ornaments from ancient and recent excavations gathered in a relational database. The first stage of analysis is reserved for the implementation of typologies. The taphonomic relationships of these objects and comparisons with similar remains from regions outside our study allow us to update the chronologies known until then. During a second stage, the typo-chronological synthesis of the corpus discovered in the funeral context leads to the recognition of a general chronological phasing. This phasing, which divides the selected interval into three horizons, is marked on the one hand by its proximity to what is knows in south-eastern France, and on the other hand by a slight discrepancy between the phenomena observed on the sites established to the north and south of the Pyrenees. Based on this chronological framework, the spatial analysis of the corpus makes it possible to account for the territorial hold of local movable facies and their evolution over time. The identification of a "Pyrenean" facies and its expansion at the end of the Early Iron Age is one of the major contribution of this study. Finally, during a third and last stage, this thesis proposes an analysis on the wearers of ornamentals. The use of correspondence factor analysis (CFA) allows the recognition of various funeral costumes for which the ornamentals plays a predominant role in the representation of an organized and complex social system.

This explorative study focuses on young, university attending males (22-27 years) and their understanding and pratice of the classic tail coat. It is based on five qvalitatively interpreted interwievs with a total of six participants, and through open questions regarding individuality and identicalness, limits and possibilities and inclusion and exclusion, a masculininty of a less contemporary hue takes shape. These conversations have revealed the tail coats potential of respresenting a male stereotype that can set a foundational and minimal standard for inclusion. Above this layer these males can then manifest and negotiate their masculine position in a homosocial hierarchy which decides the amount of passage, privilieges and confirmation of self- worth received for the wearer. These negotiation is performed by value bearing symbols (such as medallions, cordons and the like) allowed by the wearer and by the actions that systematically ensure that the lines of the tail coat are watched and unbroken. This is to preserve the priviliege of being allowed to deconstruct the unit of the tail coat, as this would be an absolute indication of achievement of the correct masculinity and the surrounding of the right spectators. The guarding of the tail coats limits lies within the tendencies of wanting to correct each other with feelings of either irritation or sympathy, a practice that seem rather unreflected by these men themselves. This pratice could be interpreted as a form of ”subjectfying” performed between these men, collectively and systematically (as well as unreflected) ensuring the image of masculinity remains unflawed. The tail coat allows the somewhat questioned homosociality to stay vital by forming a third gender sphere which is separated from the rules of the public (male) sphere and the private (female), but can still transcend and interact with these. In a society that porgressively have condemned the homosocial practice of men choosing and protecting other men in aspects regarding both work and domesticity, the third gender sphere becomes a sanctuary which can allow this structure to continue. However, these young men also experiences a duality, an awareness of the problems involved with gender exclusive contexts which could be a symptom of this homosocial sphere cracking in its surface. However, the overall experience of the tail coat and its connected contexts seems to be understood as fun and easy, neutral and uncomplicated, and the tail coat itself as an form of ”pavlovian conditioning” on the pleasantries connected to it.

Die seit vielen Jahrzehnten anhaltend niedrigen Geburtenraten in der BRD, einhergehend mit sinkenden Mortalitätsraten, führen zu einem tief greifenden Wandel in der Altersstruktur der Bevölkerung. Diese Entwicklung spiegelt sich in einem deutlich steigenden Anteil älterer Mitmenschen sowie einer zahlenmäßigen Schrumpfung der Gesamtbevölkerung wider. Unternehmen sind gefordert, darauf mit alter(n)sgerecht gestalteten Arbeitsplätzen und Produkten adäquat zu reagieren. Um die körperlichen Einschränkungen älterer Menschen am eigenen Körper zu erfahren, werden seit Mitte der 90er Jahre sogenannte Alterssimulationsanzüge eingesetzt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde diese Idee neu interpretiert und erstmalig wissenschaftlich fundiert. Auf Grundlage der gesammelten Forschungserkenntnisse wurde ein praktisch nutzbarer modularer Alterssimulationsanzug hergestellt – der MAX. Die Ergebnisse einer im Anschluss daran durchgeführten Feldstudie substanziieren das entwickelte Konzept. MAX erweitert durch die wissenschaftlich fundierte Alterssimulation das Forschungsgebiet nachhaltig und leistet somit einen nutzbringenden Beitrag für die alter(n)sgerechte Produkt- und Prozessgestaltung. / Since many decades Germany has to deal with low fertility rates and regressive mortality rates. This development has a strong effect at the age-composition of the population. In fact, the percentage of elderly people increases while the total population number decrease. To deal with this challenge companies have to design age appropriate workplaces and products. To imagine how it feels to be old companies and marketing institutions uses so called Age-Simulation-Suits. The aim of the study was to create a scientific approach of an Age-Simulation-Suit to give a more detailed view of the aging process. Furthermore it´s more than an approach – together with the Volkswagen AG the author developed, produced and evaluated a practical and useful Age-Simulation-Suit, his name is „MAX“. This suit gives constructing engineers, designers and managers an insight into the world of the elderly and opens their mind for the daily problems of industrial work and product usability. On the way to design age appropriate work places and products, MAX will be one essential tool.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 315-339). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-05T18:03:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Flaviane Nascimento.pdf: 3522447 bytes, checksum: 38d5bfba666d9eb7acd72910912964ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-11-18T17:10:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Flaviane Nascimento.pdf: 3522447 bytes, checksum: 38d5bfba666d9eb7acd72910912964ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-18T17:10:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Flaviane Nascimento.pdf: 3522447 bytes, checksum: 38d5bfba666d9eb7acd72910912964ae (MD5) / CAPES / Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar projetos e experiências de liberdade na região de Feira de Santana das últimas décadas do escravismo. A questão que persigo nesta dissertação é quais expectativas e experiências de liberdade foram possíveis entre os anos de 1850 e 1888 por aqueles lados da Bahia. Analiso em que medida as formas de outorga da carta de alforria e o exercício da liberdade estavam firmemente imbricados no período. Trata-se de um estudo que avalia os significados e usos da carta de alforria dentro de uma determinada gramática da libertação e do domínio a partir de uma coleção documental ainda inédita. Ou seja, como as circunstâncias da manumissão, sua política e prática incidiram sobre experiências de liberdade vivenciadas e compartilhadas pelos egressos do cativeiro, notadamente nos anos que se seguiram às reformas do escravismo no Brasil. Para tanto foi necessário entender como os diferentes sujeitos envolvidos – libertandos, testemunhas, juízes e senhores - definiam o estado ou a condição de liberdade daqueles sujeitos em ações cíveis de liberdade levadas às barras do tribunal. Pretendi uma análise dos significados do viver por si, grifados na documentação cartorial e judiciária.This study aims to analyze projects and experiences of freedom in the area of Feira de Santana in final decades of slavery. The question that I chase in this dissertation is what expectations and experiences of freedom were possible between the years of 1850 and 1888 in those parts of Bahia. I analyze the extent to which the shapes of the grant of letter of manumission and the exercise of freedom were tightly interwoven in the period. This is a study that assesses the meanings and uses of the letter of manumission within a particular grammar of liberation and domination from a collection of documents still unpublished. That is, as the circumstances of manumission, its policy and practice focused on experiences of freedom experienced and shared by freedmen, especially in the years following the reforms of slavery in Brazil. Therefore it was necessary to understand how the different subjects involved - libertandos, witnesses, judges and slaveholders - defined the state or condition of freedom from those subject to civil lawsuits brought freedom to the bars of the court. Here I analyze the meanings of live by themselves, written in judicial and notarial documents.