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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Export penetration costs and international business cycles

Choi, Horag 15 August 2003 (has links)
No description available.
22

Psychological Distances and Sunk Cost Fallacy

Jiang, Huangqi January 2022 (has links)
No description available.
23

Offshore Production, Labor Migration and the Macroeconomy

Zlate, Andrei January 2009 (has links)
Thesis advisor: Fabio Ghironi / In Chapter 1, I analyze the cross-country transmission of business cycles when firms relocate production abroad, at locations with lower labor costs. In the model, I distinguish between fluctuations in the number of offshoring firms (the extensive margin) and the value added per offshoring firm (the intensive margin) as separate transmission mechanisms. Firms are heterogeneous in labor productivity. They face a sunk entry cost at home and an additional fixed cost to produce offshore. The model replicates the extensive and intensive margin dynamics that I document for Mexico's maquiladora sector. Offshoring enhances the co-movement of output between the countries involved. Offshoring also reduces price dispersion across countries, because it dampens the real exchange rate appreciation that follows improvements in domestic productivity. In Chapter 2, I estimate the conditional correlations and impulse responses of three indicators of offshoring to Mexico (total value added, value added per plant, and the number of plants) for U.S. permanent technology shocks. Using data from U.S. manufacturing and Mexico's maquiladora sector, I identify U.S. permanent technology shocks in a structural VAR model with long-run restrictions. Following a positive shock, offshore production in Mexico exhibits an immediate increase along its intensive margin, but returns to its initial level over time. The extensive margin does not adjust on impact, but increases gradually towards a permanently higher level. The model of offshoring in Chapter 1 matches qualitatively the business cycle dynamics of offshoring to Mexico. In Chapter 3 (co-authored with Federico Mandelman), we analyze the dynamics of labor migration and the insurance role of remittances in a two-country, real business cycle framework. Emigration increases with the expected stream of future wage gains, and is dampened by the sunk cost reflecting border enforcement. During booms in the destination economy, the scarcity of established immigrants enhances the volatility of the immigrant wage and remittances. The welfare gain from the inflow of unskilled labor increases with the complementarity between skilled and unskilled labor, and with the share of the skilled among native labor. The model matches the cyclical dynamics of the unskilled immigration into the U.S. and remittances sent back to Mexico. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.
24

Loss Aversion and Perspective Taking in the Sunk-Cost Fallacy

Tait, Veronika Rudd 01 December 2015 (has links)
The sunk-cost fallacy (SCF) occurs when an individual makes an investment with a low probability of a payoff because an earlier investment has already been made. It is considered an error because a rational decision should not factor in now-irretrievable investments, as they do not affect current outcome likelihoods. Previous research has measured the tendency to commit the SCF by using hypothetical scenarios in which participants must choose to make a future investment or not after making an initial investment. There are many theories as to why people commit the SCF. Loss aversion, which is the preference for uncertain over certain losses, may be related to the SCF. Dual-process theory, which views decision-making in terms of a fast, automatic process called system 1 and a slow, deliberate process called system 2, may also help to explain the SCF. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to complete a sunk-cost questionnaire in which the initial-investment types and amounts varied. They also completed an endowment-effect task as a measure of loss aversion. The SCF was committed most often when the initial investment was large compared to small and most often with money, less with time, and least with effort. There was an interaction effect in which small differences were seen in the SCF between time, effort, and money when the initial investment was small, and differences grew larger as the initial investment increased. Loss aversion displayed a non-significant negative relation with the SCF. In Experiment 2, participants completed a sunk-cost questionnaire in which they were asked to respond as they normally would and then from the perspective of a fictional person described as a logical decision maker. In cases in which they committed the SCF, they were asked to indicate why they continued to invest. They also completed a risky-lottery loss-aversion task. As seen in Experiment 1, the SCF was more likely when initial investments were greater and occurred most when the initial investment was money, less when it was time, and least when it was effort. Loss aversion had a significant but small negative relation with SCF scores. There was no effect of perspective taking. It may be that the SCF is simply due to the over-application of the personal rule “don't waste”, as not wanting to be wasteful was the most-common reason participants gave for why they committed the SCF.
25

Essays on international trade

French, Scott Thomas 02 December 2010 (has links)
This dissertation consists of three essays pertaining to the causes of the levels and composition of the international trade flows of nations, and the consequential implications for the levels of per capita income and welfare of their populations. The first of these documents a pattern of comparative advantage in product level, bilateral trade data that conventional quantitative trade models have difficulty explaining. It goes on to develop a theory of product level productivity differences based on endogenous differences in the allocation of research and development into product and process innovation across countries over time, and it shows that, when fitted to cross-country manufacturing wage data, the predicted product level technology distribution is consistent with the observed trade pattern. The second essay shows that the distribution of technology levels inferred in the first essay can help explain the inability of both ad-hoc and theoretically based gravity models of trade to account for the observed positive correlation between the percentage of manufacturing output that is traded and countries' per capita income. It derives a modified gravity equation based on a Ricardian model of trade with deterministic product level technology differences across countries. It then uses estimates from a product level gravity estimation to compute the component of this equation that differs from a conventional gravity equation in order to determine the extent to which the observed concentration of comparative advantage in a common set of products for low-income countries explains the small percentage of their output that is exported. The final essay shows that a simple model of firm profit maximization in the presence of sunk costs of entering the export market is broadly consistent with the observed persistence of exporting behavior in firm level data. It uses this simple model and moments from data on US manufacturing firms to estimate the value of the sunk export entry costs faced by these firms using an indirect inference strategy. These costs are shown to be substantial relative the revenue stream of a typical firm. / text
26

Betriebliche Mitbestimmung und technologische Innovationen in Deutschland und Südkorea im Vergleich : personalökonomische Analysen und empirische Befunde /

Lee, Sang-Min. January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
Universiẗat, Diss.--Köln, 2003.
27

"Det som är i rörelse, fortsätter vara i rörelse" : Varför förlorande projekt inte termineras

Andrén, Axel, Mild, Linus, Oscar January 2020 (has links)
ABSTRACT Date: 2020-06-09   Level: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr    Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University    Authors:                   Axel Andrén                                  Linus Mild                                  (93/09/24)                                   (93/10/19)   Title: “What's in motion, remains in motion” - Why losing projects aren’t terminated                                                       Tutor: Johan Grinbergs   Keywords: Behavioral biases, losing projects, terminate, permissive climate, rationalization   Research questions: How does behavioral biases contribute to the continuation of losing projects? What is the general consciousness about the biases within larger organizations and is there any signs of post rationalization of irrational actions?   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify and examine in what ways behavioral biases cause irrational decision making in larger companies. The study also intends to examine project managers consciousness about these biases and weather any deficiency indicates post-rationalization.   Method: This study is based on a qualitative method with a deductive approach where the primary data was collected via semi-structured interviews. The theoretical framework with relevance to the purpose of the study formed an interview guide as well as formed the analysis chapter together with the collected empirical data. The analysis made the basis for the study's conclusion.   Conclusion: The behavioral biases are mainly consistent of prestige and sunk costs. The reason for this is can be related to the size of the organization. Other biases are not as evident within larger organizations as these are more apparent in individuals. The consciousness about what impact the behavioral biases have on decisions is found to be low among the respondents. They would like to think of their decisions as rational while we can distinguish behavioral biases causing post rationalization of irrational actions.
28

Grinding from a Player’s and Game Designer’s Point of View

Perdomo, Patrick January 2021 (has links)
Frequently in MMORPGs, players will encounter something known to players as farming or grinding. Grinding is a controversial matter in the gaming community, as many do not enjoy it and see it as a sign of lazy and poor game design. However, it is a difficult topic to argue as whatever is a grind, differs for each person. To elevate the discussion about grinds in the gaming community, this paper aims to give a definition of grinds and answer how they are perceived by players and designers alike. Grinds are argued to be dull, tedious and monotonous, but they are ever prevalent in games today.  To find what differentiates between a satisfying or waste of time grinding, this paper also aims to discover what makes a grind enjoyable, and when they are appropriate.  The results of this paper are built upon previous works and media on game design and grinds. Interviews were held with players that grind to get a deeper understanding of what drives players to grind. The results define grinds as the act of doing something repeatedly for one's own gain. Seven sub-grinds that are found in different games were defined, each with varying characteristics. Grinds are not inherently bad, despite the negative connotations. They are like any other aspect of a game, they can be executed well or poorly. The developers' responsibility is to design a well-balanced grind that does not hinder players from doing what they like and deliver a satisfying experience.
29

Exploring Common Antecedents of Three Related Decision Biases

Westfall, Jonathan E. 25 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
30

Außenhandel und Technologie : Endogene Sunk Costs im allgemeinen Gleichgewicht /

Eckel, Carsten. January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Georg-August-Universiẗat, Habil.-Schr.--Göttingen, 2006.

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