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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

L'écriture manuscrite dans le trouble du spectre de l'autisme : une étude couplant oculométrie, tablette graphique et ralentissement des stimuli / Handwriting in autism spectrum disorder : a study coupling eye-tracking, graphic tablet and slowdown of stimuli

Godde, Anaïs 06 December 2017 (has links)
Au regard des difficultés d'écriture présentes dans le trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA), notre premier objectif est d’étudier les caractéristiques de l’écriture chez des enfants et adultes avec TSA par rapport à des enfants et adultes typiques en considérant son évolution avec l’âge. La qualité et la vitesse de production ont été évalué à partir d’une tâche de copie de texte. Une moins bonne qualité ainsi qu’une lenteur d’exécution sont observées chez les enfants avec TSA par rapport aux enfants typiques. Chez les adultes avec TSA, une qualité des tracés inférieure à celle des sujets de même âge réel (AR) et de même âge de développement (AD) est relevée tandis que leur vitesse de production est inférieure à celle des sujets de même AR mais comparable à ceux de même AD.Une évolution similaire de l’écriture est observée entre les personnes typiques et avec TSA. Notre second objectif est de tester l’effet d’une présentation ralentie de lettres, pseudo-lettres et mots sur le traitement de l’information visuelle et la dynamique des tracés des enfants et adultes avec TSA. L’utilisation de l'oculométrie, la tablette graphique et le logiciel de ralentissement Logiral™ ont été couplées. Avec le ralenti, on observe chez les enfants une diminution de l'exploration visuelle et une écriture moins fluide et plus lente, et chez les adultes, une augmentation de l’exploration visuelle associée à une diminution de la taille de l’écriture pourtant moins fluide et plus lente. Cette recherche contribue à une meilleure compréhension des particularités de l’écriture dans le TSA et de l’impact du ralenti de lettres et mots sur l’exploration visuelle et la production des tracés. / Handwriting leads to numerous difficulties amongst individuals suffering from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our first objective was thus to study the characteristics of handwriting in both children and adults with ASD in comparison with chronological (CA) and developmental (DA) aged-matched controls, in order to understand its development with age. A first study conducted aimed at evaluate the handwriting quality and speed during a copy task of text. Our results showed that children with ASD have slower and poorer handwriting skills compared to controls. For ASD adult participants we observed a poorer handwriting quality than both CA and DA controls and a slower handwriting than CA controls only, meaning that it was comparable to DA controls. Moreover,a similar evolution between control and ASD participants. Our second objective was to test the effect of a slowed-down dynamic visual presentation of letters, pseudo-letters and words on the visual information processing and the handwriting dynamics in children and adults with ASD. For this, we coupled different techniques: an eye-tracking device, a graphic tablet, and Logiral™ (i.e a software for slowing down videos). During the slowed-down presentation, children showed a decrease of visual exploration associated with a slower and uneven handwriting, adults showed an increase in visual exploration associated with smaller handwriting size, although it was slower and uneven. This research contributed to a better understanding of handwriting particularities in ASD population, as well as the impact of slowing down stimuli on visual exploration and handwriting production.
2

Differential Mobility Classifiers in the Non-Ideal Assembly

Alsharifi, Thamir 01 January 2019 (has links)
The differential mobility classifier (DMC) is one of the core components in electrical mobility particle sizers for sizing sub-micrometer particles. Designing the DMC requires knowledge of the geometrical and constructional imperfection (or tolerance). Studying the effects of geometrical imperfection on the performance of the DMC is necessary to provide manufacturing tolerance and it helps to predict the performance of geometrically imperfect classifiers, as well as providing a calibration curve for the DMC. This thesis was accomplished via studying the cylindrical classifier and the parallel plate classifier. The numerical model was built using the most recent versions of COMSOL Multiphysics® and MATLAB®. For the cylindrical DMC, two major geometrical imperfections were studied: the eccentric annular classifying channel and the tilted inner cylinder/rod. For the parallel-plates DMC, the first study examined for the perfectly designed plates to optimize its dimensions and working conditions, while the second study conducted the plates’ parallelism. For both DMCs, a parametric study was conducted for several tolerances under various geometrical factors (i.e., channel length, width, spacing, cylinders radii, etc…), flow conditions (i.e., sheath-to-aerosol flow ratio, total flow rate), and several particles sizes. The results show that the transfer function deteriorated as the geometrical imperfection increased (i.e., the peak is reduced and the width at the half peak height is broadened). The parallel- plates DMC results show that the aspect ratio of the classifying channel cross-section (width-to-height) was recommended to be above 8. Particle diffusivity reduces the effect of geometrical imperfection, especially for particle sizes less than 10 nm.

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