M.A. (Psychology) / A survey of the literature which concerns this study, indicated the tremendous confusion which exists in the field of Sport Psychology. Many researchers investigated various divergent factors and drew conclusions without attempting to formulate links with existing research. The lack of specific cultural research in South Africa, served as motivation for undertaking this research project.The aim of this study was to compare three groups of successful swimmers (Olympic swimmers, successful and unsuccessful provincial swimmers) in relation to certain temperament traits. The research hypothesis suggested that such traits might be the using factors for differential success levels in swimming. These traits included; Sensation Seeking, Nervous System Type, Introversion-Extraversion, and General Anxiety competitive anxiety. Self Concept was also investigated. The sample consisted of 58 competitive swimmers drawn from the 1992 South African Olympic Swimming Team, and the Eastern Transvaal and Transvaal Provincial Swimming Teams. The Olympic Team comprised the most successful group, while the remainder of the sample was subdivided into two groups (Successful and Unsuccessful Groups). The distinction was based on whether the individual swimmers had won medals and made the final of their respective races at the South African National Championships ...

This study was concerned with the investigation of the relationships that may exist between certain personality characteristics, as measured by the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, and the choice of major of students enrolled in seven fields of study in a school of business administration. It also investigated differences in these relationships between two different levels of academic performance, as measured by grade-point average. The seven fields of business included in this study were Accounting, Business Education, Banking and Finance, Insurance, Management, Marketing, and Secretarial Administration.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

This thesis examines the relationship between individual differences in learning, personality, and social success in two groups of brown capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.) housed at the “Living Links Centre for Human Evolution” at Edinburgh Zoo, UK. Being able to learn quickly and efficiently likely helps primates achieve social success (defined here in terms of centrality within a social network), such as acquiring knowledge of others or learning social skills. Therefore, individuals that are better at learning were predicted to have greater social success than other group members. This prediction, however, contrasts with hypotheses generated from two other disciplines at the individual level: 1) the study of behavioural innovation, and 2) the study of individual differences, i.e. “personality”. In terms of behavioural innovation, better learners should have less social success than other group members because they are expected to rely more on problem-solving, rather than physical combativeness or status, to gain access to socioecological resources. In terms of personality, learning should have little or no direct relationship with social success because other individual differences, like sociability and fearfulness, should mediate primates’ social decision making. This thesis investigates each of these hypotheses. Personality was assessed in 127 capuchins from 7 international sites using the Hominoid Personality Questionnaire, and then validated at Living Links (LL) using behavioural codings; this was the first-ever description of personality structure in brown capuchins. Brown capuchins have five personality dimensions: Assertiveness, Openness, Sociability, Neuroticism, and Attentiveness. Ratings were consistent across observers, and predicted relevant behaviours among the LL capuchins over a year later (e.g. scores on Sociability predicted time spent in close proximity to others). “Social success” in the LL capuchins was assessed in terms of centrality in spatial proximity networks. Individual scores on social network centrality were significantly correlated with scores derived from a Principal Components Analysis of eight affiliative and agonistic behaviours among the LL capuchins, indicating that spatial proximity is a reliable measure of the quality of subjects’ social embeddedness within their groups. Social rank and two personality traits (Assertiveness and Sociability) were positively related to network centrality, while another personality trait (Neuroticism) was negatively related to centrality. Sociability was a significant predictor of network centrality even after controlling for social rank and the other personality traits, highlighting the importance of this personality trait in shaping the social success of capuchins beyond that of basic social rules (e.g. kinship, sex, and rank). Individual learning was assessed in the LL capuchins by administering two operant tasks to subjects under conditions of free choice participation. In Task 1, thirteen monkeys participated, and eight individuals met learning criteria (i.e. >80% trials correct over 3 consecutive sessions). In Task 2, fifteen monkeys participated, and five individuals met learning criteria; the monkeys that learned this second task were also among those individuals that learned Task 1. For monkeys that regularly participated in both tasks (i.e. >50% of sessions), their average performances (i.e. % trials correct) were significantly correlated with individual scores on Assertiveness, but not the other four personality traits, or individual differences in attention span during testing, the percent of sessions subjects participated during testing, the amount of scrounging events subjects directed towards others within their social group, or the percent of observation time subjects spent feeding within their main indoor/outdoor enclosures. In terms of social success, relatively better learners had lower social rank and network centrality compared to relatively poor learners. Also, compared to poorer learners, better learners were generally less likely to direct affiliative acts (e.g. grooming, food sharing, coalitionary support) to other group members. Controlling for Assertiveness (i.e. the only variable related to individual differences in subjects’ average learning performance), individual differences in learning performance were no longer significantly related to social rank, network centrality, or the amount of affiliative acts subjects initiated with others. Collectively, such findings contrast the hypothesis that better learners should (concurrently) be more socially successful than poorer learners, and instead are more reflective of hypotheses pertaining to behavioural innovation and/or the study of individual differences. Social rank and certain traits of personality (Assertiveness, Openness, Neuroticism, and Sociability) appear to interact with capuchins’ patterns of social interaction, and one personality trait (Assertiveness) may mediate how individual differences in learning are associated with differences in social success.

Notre étude s’est intéressée chez l’enfant au modèle tempéramental de Rothbart : ce modèle suggère que la mise en balance des caractéristiques individuelles de réactivité et d’autorégulation explique le développement de l’enfant. Nous avons constaté l’intérêt de cette structure théorique pour enrichir la modélisation empirique des traits d’appétit de l’enfant, en lien avec le développement de son adiposité. Ainsi avons-nous défini les objectifs suivants: (a) valider un modèle de mesure des traits d’appétit de l’enfant inspiré des composantes tempéramentales du modèle de Rothbart; (b) valider une structure de relations entre autorégulation générale, traits d’appétit et adiposité; (c) valider la structure théorique du modèle de Rothbart appliquée au comportement alimentaire. Nous avons mesuré les traits d’appétit par questionnaire chez des enfants de 10 à 14 ans, puis via des tâches comportementales chez des enfants de 8 à 12 ans. Nous avons aussi pesé et mesuré les enfants. La méthode par questionnaire a permis de valider la modélisation tempéramentale des traits d’appétit via la réactivité de l’appétit et l’autorégulation de la prise alimentaire. Cette méthode a aussi montré que le lien entre autorégulation générale et adiposité de l’enfant pouvait s’expliquer par l’intermédiaire des traits d’appétit. Enfin, les deux méthodes ont confirmé certaines prédictions du modèle théorique de Rothbart : nous avons observé un impact positif d’une composante de réactivité de l’appétit sur l’adiposité et un effet négatif de l’autorégulation de la prise alimentaire sur la réactivité de l’appétit. Grâce à un modèle novateur de tempérament alimentaire mis en lien avec l’adiposité de l’enfant, notre étude peut impacter la prévention et le traitement du surpoids. / Our study focused on Rothbart’s temperament model in children: this model suggests that the balance between individual characteristics of reactivity and self-regulation underlies the child’s development. We noticed that empirical models of appetitive traits linked with adiposity development in children could potentially benefit from the theoretical structure of this model. We thus defined the following objectives: (a) validating a measurement model for children’s appetitive traits through temperamental components inspired by Rothbart’s model; (b) validating a structure of relationships between general self-regulation, appetitive traits and adiposity; (c) validating the theoretical structure of Rothbart’s model in the specific domain of food behaviour. We measured appetitive traits firstly through a questionnaire in 10 to 14 year-old children and secondly through behavioural tasks in 8 to 12 year-old children. Children’s height and weight were also measured. The questionnaire method allowed to validate a temperamental model of appetitive traits, measured through appetite reactivity and self-regulation in eating. We also showed with this method that the link between general self-regulation and adiposity in children could be explained through appetitive traits. Finally, both methods confirmed some of the predictions of Rothbart’s theoretical model: we observed a positive impact of one component of appetite reactivity over adiposity and a negative effect of self-regulation in eating on appetite reactivity. Thanks to an innovative eating temperament model linked with children’s adiposity, our study can impact overweight prevention and treatment.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência de diferentes sistemas de manejo sobre a reatividade, parâmetros produtivos e de qualidade de carne e carcaça de bovinos confinados. Para isso, foram utilizados 50 novilhos Nelore, alocados em confinamento sob dois sistemas diferentes quanto ao manejo, o tradicionalmente empregado em fazendas (MT) e o baseado em princípios racionais de trabalho e na biologia dos bovinos, conhecido popularmente como manejo racional ou gentil (MR). Os animais de ambos os tratamentos receberam a mesma dieta e ficaram em confinamento por 126 dias (± 18 dias). Foram colhidas, durante os manejos de pesagem em brete, informações quanto ao ganho diário de peso (GDP) e reatividade (através do Escore de Comportamento Composto - ECC). Calculou-se, ao fim do confinamento, o ganho diário médio de peso (GDPtot). Durante o abate, foram colhidas informações quanto à reatividade dos bovinos no bloco de atordoamento (ECCabt). Durante a desossa, foram registradas informações quanto a coloração (L*, a* e b*) das amostras de Longissimus dorsi colhidas, três de cada animal, uma para cada tempo de maturação (0, 7 e 14 dias). Apos o período de maturação, procedeu-se com as análises de perdas de água por exsudação (PAE) e por cozimento (PAC), bem como de força de cisalhamento (MAC). Os resultados indicam que ocorreram influencias dos sistemas de manejo nas características PAE e MAC, com valores superiores e inferiores, respectivamente, em MR. Ocorreram influencias na interação tratamento e manejos ocorridos no GDP, com resultados superiores em MT. No parâmetro MAC ocorreu diferença significativa em relação aos dias de maturação, com diminuição ao longo do tempo de maturação, alem de diferenças nos tratamentos na carne nao maturada, com valores inferiores para MR. As características Contusões (totais, no dianteiro, na ponta de agulha e no traseiro), ECCabt, de coloração (L*, a* e b*) e de PAC não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos ou suas interações. Constatou-se melhor qualidade de carne de animais MR, porém com ganhos de peso ligeiramente inferiores aos do MT. A reatividade apresentou tendência de diminuição ao longo do confinamento, com valores ligeiramente inferiores para animais MR nos manejos de pesagem em brete e mais acentuados no momento do abate. / The present study investigated the influence of different handling systems on the reactivity, production parameters and quality of meat and carcass of confined cattle. The experiment used 50 Nellore steers placed in feedlots that received two different handling systems: the traditionally used in the Brazilian farms (MT) and the based on rational principles of work and in the biology of cattle, known as gentle handling (MR).Both treatments received the same diet and remained in confinement for 126 days (± 18 days). Were taken over the handling in squeeze chute, information about the daily weight gain (GDP) and reactivity (through the Composite Behaviour Score - ECC). At the end of the confinement, the average daily weight gain (GDPtot) was calculated. During the slaughter, was collected information of the reactivity of cattle in stunning pen (ECCabt). During the boning, were recorded information about the color (L *, a * b *) of Longissimus dorsi samples. Three samples from each animal was collected, one for each maturation period (0, 7 and 14 days). After the maturation period, that was preceded with the analysis of water loses by exudation (PAE) and by cooking (PAC) and the shear-force (MAC). The results indicate that there were influences of the handling systems features in PAC and MAC, with values higher and lower, respectively, in MR. Occurred influences in treatment and management occurred in GDP, with superior results in MT. In the MAC, parameter was significant difference for days to maturity, with a reduction over maturation time, and differences in treatment in the meat does not mature, with lower values for MR. The characteristics contusions, ECCabt, meat color (L *, a * b *) and PAC showed no significant differences between treatments or their interactions. It was better quality of meat from animals MR, but with gains weight slightly lower than that of MT. The reactivity, although not significantly different, tended to decrease during the confinement, with slightly lower values for MR in the management of animals weighing more pronounced in squeeze chute and at slaughter.

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se os alunos da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP) apresentavam tendência a algum perfil psicológico específico e relacionar os resultados com respostas sobre escolhas profissionais, investigando se há associação entre escolhas do campo de trabalho e perfil comportamental. O estudo foi transversal, realizado por meio de dois questionários autoadministrados, um de perfil psicológico e outro sobre interesses profissionais, distribuídos aos estudantes da FOUSP. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FOUSP. Os dados foram organizados e analisados no programa STATA 12.0. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 415 alunos matriculados nas disciplinas de graduação da FOUSP, dos períodos diurno e noturno de todos os semestres. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante o segundo semestre de 2011. As características sociodemográficas apresentadas mostram que 72,29% dos estudantes eram do gênero feminino e 27,71% do masculino e apresentavam idade entre 17 e 44 anos (média de 21,98 anos). Quanto às razões para a escolha do curso de odontologia, 54,94% dos participantes apontaram a vocação; 15,70% por terem cirurgiões-dentistas na família; 14,22% devido à possibilidade de horários flexíveis; 9,88% por sucesso financeiro e 19,76% outros motivos. Em uma situação hipotética, de mesma condição de renda e carga horária para diversas alternativas de trabalho, 58,07% dos alunos prefeririam trabalhar em consultório próprio, 27,47% em emprego público, 15,18% serem docentes e 8,19% empregados no setor privado. Como início provável das atividades profissionais, 42,89% imaginam que seu primeiro trabalho seria em emprego privado, 25,06% em consultório próprio, 23,37% em emprego público e 16,63% seguiriam carreira na docência. Em projeção para 10 anos à frente, 73,25% se viam trabalhando em sua própria clínica, 19,28% no emprego público, 13,01% como docentes e 7,47% em emprego privado. Os conteúdos considerados mais importantes para o sucesso profissional do cirurgião-dentista foram, em ordem decrescente de importância: disciplinas clínicas (58,31%), básicas (26,75%) e sociais (14,94%), para ambos os gêneros. Quase todos os alunos, 98,31%, valorizavam o conhecimento de processos administrativos para gerir consultórios, clínicas ou equipes e 89,40% tinham interesse em adquirir conhecimentos no campo da gestão de recursos humanos. Com relação ao temperamento, 46,27% foram identificados como SJ (Guardião), 21,45% NF (Idealista), 14,70% NT (Racional) e 3,13% SP (Artesão); 14,46% eram indefinidos. Os tipos psicológicos predominantes foram o ESTJ/Supervisor (13,49%), ISTJ/Inspetor (13,25%), ISFJ/Protetor (6,51%) e INFJ/Conselheiro e ENTJ/Marechal de campo com iguais 6,27%. O temperamento SJ foi o mais frequente tanto em estudantes do gênero feminino (48,00%) quanto do masculino (41,74%), mas o segundo tipo mais comum diferia entre os gêneros: NF em mulheres (23,67%) e NT nos homens (21,74%). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante nessa associação, demonstrada no teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson (p=0,003). Conclui-se a maioria dos alunos apresentavam tendência ao temperamento SJ; o segundo mais frequente foi o NF em alunos de praticamente todos os semestres, porém diferiu entre os gêneros: NF em mulheres e NT em homens. Diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada na associação entre temperamento e gênero. A grande maioria dos alunos pretendia exercer suas atividades profissionais em consultório próprio. As outras opções seguiram a seguinte ordem de preferência: emprego público (com menos da metade percentual da primeira opção), docência e emprego privado. Não houve associação entre perfis psicológicos e escolha do campo de atuação. / The objective of this study was to determine if students of the University of São Paulo School of Dentistry (FOUSP) had a tendency to a particular psychological profile and relate the results with answers about career choices, investigating whether or not there was an association between choices of work and behavioral profile. The study was cross-sectional type, using two selfadministered questionnaires: a psychological profile one and another about professional interests, both of which were distributed to FOUSP students. The study was approved by the FOUSP Ethical Comittee. Data were organized and analyzed using STATA 12.0. Results: Participated on the study 415 students enrolled in Dentistry course, from all classes and semesters. Data collection was conducted during the second half of 2011. The sociodemographic characteristics presented show that 72.29% of the students were female and 27.71% male and were aged between 17 and 44 years (mean age 21.98 years). As to the reasons for choosing the course of dentistry, 54.94% of the participants indicated the vocation; 15.70% by having dentists in the family; 14.22% due to the possibility of flexible hours; 9.88% for financial success and 19.76% for other reasons. In a hypothetical situation of the same income and hours of work for several career alternatives, 58.07% of the students would prefer to work in his/ her private practice, 27.47% as an employee in the public sector, 15.18% as a faculty member and 8.19% as an employee in the private sector. Nonetheless, predicting the beginning of the career, 42.89% believed that their first job would be as an employee in private sector, 25.06% in his/her private practice, 23.37% as employee in the public sector and 16.63% pursuing a career in teaching. Looking 10 years ahead, 73.25% saw themselves working in their own clinic, 19.28% as employees in the public sector, 13.01% as faculty members and 7.47% as employees in the private sector. The contents considered more important to the professional success of dentists were, in descending order of importance: clinical (58.31%), basic (26.75%) and social disciplines (14.94%), for both genders. Almost all students, 98.31%, valued knowledge of administrative processes to manage dental offices or teams and 89.40% were interested in acquiring knowledge in the human resource management field. Regarding temperament, 46.27% were identified as SJ (Guardian), 21.45% NF (Idealist), 14.70% NT (Rational) and 3.13% SP (Artisan); 14.46% could not be defined. The predominant psychological types were ESTJ/Supervisor (13.49%), ISTJ/Inspector (13.25%), ISFJ/Protector (6.51%) and INFJ/Advisor and ENTJ/Marshall Field, which presented equal 6.27%. The SJ temperament was the most frequent in both female (48.00%) and males students (41.74%), but the second most common type was different between genders: NF in women (23.67%) and NT in men (21.74%). There was a statistically significant difference in this association, as demonstrated by the chi-square test (p = 0.003). To conclude, most of the students were likely to be SJ psychological temperament and the second most frequent type was the NF for students in virtually all semesters; however there was a difference between genders: the second category between women was NF, but NT for men. A statistically significant difference was found in the association between temperament and gender. The vast majority of students intended to exercise their professional activities in his or her own dental office. The other options followed this order of preference: employee in the public sector (less than half the percentage of first choice), member of faculty and employee in the private sector. No association was found between psychological profiles and choice of career.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-04-09T17:31:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RAFAEL ANDRADE RIBEIRO.pdf: 7064933 bytes, checksum: 20665417b336a29ce496816e9571ae9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T17:31:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RAFAEL ANDRADE RIBEIRO.pdf: 7064933 bytes, checksum: 20665417b336a29ce496816e9571ae9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-20 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas - PUC - Campinas / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The cleft lip and palate is a problem that requires medical care from birth until the end of adolescence, causing several stressful situations for the child and his family. This study analyzed the psychological processes involved in coping with adverse conditions related to the malformation and the treatment of cleft lip and palate, including temperament of preadolescents, stress of caregivers and family psychosocial risk. 22 dyads, composed of preadolescents with an average age of 11 years in specialized treatment and their caregivers, participated in the research. The following data were collected with their respective instruments: a) descriptive data of the sample, stress and coping of caregiver through the Characterization Form; b) family psychosocial risk through Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT 2.0); c) temperament of preadolescents through Early Adolescence Temperament Questionnaire ? Revised (EATQ-R); d) coping of preadolescents by Responses to Stress Questionnaire ? Cleft Lip and Palate (RSQ-CLP), adapted for this study. The most stressful situation pointed out by young people was having to wear orthodontic braces. They exhibited an average stress level (M = 19.27). The coping involving recognition of social support by the preadolescents was the most reported by the sample and the most expressive coping strategy for the group of preadolescents was Acceptance. The Secondary Control Coping was the most frequent. The families presented an average psychosocial risk (M = 1.19). Half of the caregivers reported not experiencing stressful situations related to the treatment, in data collection. Significant relationships were identified between the presence of self-perceived stress of the caregivers with a higher level of stress and aggressiveness of the preadolescents. The domain Affiliation temperament was the most frequent for the sample, being significantly higher for the boys. The extended treatment with various invasive procedures on the face region tends to stimulate the need for preadolescents to be associated with people who offer emotional support and assist them in solving problems resulting from deformity and / or treatment, such as parents and health professionals. These results indicate the necessity to offer an integrated and multiprofessional assistance to this population, including actions that minimize the harmful effects of the psychosocial risk factors experienced by the most vulnerable families. / A fissura labiopalatina ? um problema que exige cuidados m?dicos desde o nascimento at? o final da adolesc?ncia, acarretando v?rias situa??es estressantes para o portador e sua fam?lia. Este estudo analisou os processos psicol?gicos envolvidos no enfrentamento (coping) de situa??es adversas relacionadas ? doen?a e ao tratamento da fissura labiopalatina, incluindo o temperamento de pr?-adolescentes, estresse dos cuidadores e risco psicossocial familiar. Participaram 22 d?ades, compostas por pr?-adolescentes, com idade m?dia de 11 anos, e seus cuidadores, em tratamento especializado. Foram coletados os seguintes dados, com seus respectivos instrumentos: a) dados descritivos da amostra, estresse e coping dos cuidadores, pela Ficha de Caracteriza??o; b) risco psicossocial familiar, pelo Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT 2.0); c) temperamento dos pr?-adolescentes, pelo Early Adolescence Temperament Questionnaire ? Revised (EATQ-R); d) coping dos pr?-adolescentes, pelo Responses to Stress Questionnaire ? Cleft Lip and Palate (RSQ-CLP), adaptado para este estudo. A situa??o mais estressora pontuada pelos pr?-adolescentes foi ter de usar aparelho ortod?ntico. Eles apresentaram um n?vel de estresse m?dio (M = 19,27). O comportamento de coping que envolve reconhecimento de suporte social pelos pr?-adolescentes foi o mais relatado pela amostra e a estrat?gia de enfrentamento mais expressiva foi a Aceita??o. O Coping de Controle Secund?rio foi o mais frequente. As fam?lias apresentaram risco psicossocial m?dio (M = 1,19). Metade dos cuidadores referiu n?o vivenciar situa??o estressora relacionada ao tratamento, na coleta de dados. Foram identificadas rela??es significativas entre a presen?a de estresse autopercebido dos cuidadores com um maior n?vel de estresse e agressividade dos pr?-adolescentes. O dom?nio de temperamento Afilia??o foi o mais frequente para a amostra, sendo significativamente mais alto para os meninos. O tratamento longo e com diversos procedimentos invasivos na regi?o da face tende a estimular a necessidade de vincula??o dos pr?-adolescentes junto a pessoas que oferecem suporte emocional e que os ajude na resolu??o de problemas consequentes da deformidade e/ou do tratamento, como pais e profissionais da sa?de. Esses resultados indicam a necessidade de oferta de uma assist?ncia integrada e multiprofissional a essa popula??o, que incluam a??es que minimizem os efeitos danosos dos fatores de risco psicossocial vivenciados pelas fam?lias mais vulner?veis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Homsi 1.pdf: 3357725 bytes, checksum: 33350d4a7f6fd8e738a5e6a1d1b5bdef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-14 / This research aims at investigating if there are relationships between temperament and thinking creative styles in university students. The samples were composed by 126 students from two private universities of S?o Paulo state, attending courses from the areas of Biology, Hard and Human Sciences, from both sexes, aged from 17 to 44 (Mo=21 to 25) years old. Two measures were used: the Questionnaire of Typological Assessment QUATI (Zacharias, 2003) and Thinking and Creative Styles Scale (Wechsler, 1999, 2005), which were administered in a collective form. Pearson s Correlation and Multivariate and Unvaried Analysis of Variance were used to analyze the results. A qualitative analysis on function and attitudes of QUATI was also carried out. The results showed that there are not significant relationships between temperament and thinking and creative styles. Significant differences were observed in QUATI factors related to gender and scientific areas. Biology presented considerable higher values on Extroversion attitude, and Thinking and Feeling functions were influenced by age and area. In Thinking and Creative Styles, Biology students presented higher means on Divergent Thinking and Boldness. In relation to the gender variable, men had superior means on Humor-Synthesis scale. We conclude that people with different styles may express their creativity independently their temperament. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar se existe rela??o entre temperamento e os estilos de pensar e criar em estudantes universit?rios. As amostras foram compostas de 126 estudantes das ?reas das ci?ncias Biol?gicas, Humanas e Exatas de duas universidades particulares do interior do estado de S?o Paulo, de ambos os sexos, na faixa et?ria entre 17 a 44 anos (Mo= 21 a 25 anos). Para tanto, foram utilizados dois instrumentos: o Question?rio de Avalia??o Tipol?gica QUATI (Zacharias, 2003) e o Question?rio sobre Estilos de Pensar e Criar (Wechsler, 1999, 2005), que foram aplicados coletivamente. Os resultados foram analisados pela Correla??o de Pearson e An?lises Multivariada e Univariada de Vari?ncia. Tamb?m foi feita uma an?lise qualitativa das fun??es e atitudes do QUATI. Os resultados indicaram que n?o existem rela??es significativas entre temperamento e estilos de pensar e criar. Diferen?as significativas foram observadas por ?rea e por sexo nos fatores do QUATI, sendo a ?rea Biol?gica a que apresentou valores significativamente maiores para a atitude Extrovers?o, e as fun??es Pensamento e Sentimento sofreram influ?ncias para idade x ?rea. Tamb?m para estilos de pensar e criar a ?rea Biol?gicas apresentou m?dias significativamente maiores para os fatores Pensamento Divergente e Ousadia Inovadora e, no que se refere ? vari?vel sexo, o masculino apresentou maior ?ndice no fator S?ntese Humor?stica. Conclui-se que as pessoas de diferentes estilos podem expressar sua criatividade independentemente de seu temperamento.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristina Maria D Antona Bachert.pdf: 1517428 bytes, checksum: c6cceff7d5f2404c0a82573c0e99cc42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / The teacher s temperament style reflects his preferred way to perceive and react to school environment, which influences the way he teaches and relates with students in classroom settings. To define temperament styles were considered four temperament dimensions: Social (Extroverted - Introverted), Information Processing (Practical - Imaginative), Decision Making (Thinking - Feeling) and Planning (Organized - Flexible). This research aimed to design and validate the Teacher s Temperament Styles Inventory (IETP), a self-report instrument that uses daily school situations to identify teacher s characteristics of temperament. Two studies were conducted: evidence based on IETP s items content with participation of five Psychologists, and evidence based on response process, with participation of 400 Secondary and High School teachers who work in private and public schools. By Exploratory Factorial Analysis the IETP s 40 items were assigned to four profiles: Skillful (47.5%), Sympathetic (30.8%), Catalytic (19.2%) and Analyst (2.5%), which explains 30% of full sample. Each profile had encompassed teachers from different knowledge fields so no relationship was detected between temperament style, gender or curricular component taught by teachers. These profile sets indicate that teachers of this sample have supportive temperament styles which are essential conditions of a friendly environment to teaching and learning: careful with the others, flexibility to customize their teaching planning to student s needs and good interpersonal skills. Results indicate the need for further studies including teachers of other educational phases and cities to verify if sample variability may allow the setting of new profiles as provided in the literature. Comparative studies between IETP and other temperament instruments are also indicated. / O estilo de temperamento de um professor reflete seu modo preferencial de perceber e reagir ?s demandas do ambiente escolar, influenciando a maneira como ensina e como se relaciona com os alunos em sala de aula. Para a defini??o dos estilos de temperamento foram consideradas quatro dimens?es, cada uma composta por um par de estilos de temperamento, a saber: Social (Extrovers?o Introvers?o), Processamento da Informa??o (Pr?tico Imaginativo), Processo Decis?rio (Pensamento Sentimento) e Planejamento (Organizado Flex?vel). Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo construir e validar o Invent?rio de Estilos de Temperamento do Professor (IETP), um instrumento de autorrelato orientado ? identifica??o das caracter?sticas de temperamento do professor a partir de situa??es do cotidiano escolar. Foram realizados dois estudos para avaliar as evid?ncias de validade deste instrumento: um deles foi baseado no conte?do dos itens; o segundo na estrutura interna do IETP. O primeiro estudo contou com a participa??o de cinco psic?logos. O segundo estudo foi realizado com uma amostra de 400 professores que lecionavam no Ensino Fundamental II e no Ensino M?dio em escolas p?blicas e particulares. Por meio da An?lise Fatorial Explorat?ria os 40 itens do IETP foram distribu?dos em quatro perfis: Habilidoso (47,5%), Compreensivo (30,8%), Catalisador (19,2%) e Analista (2,5%), que representaram 30% da amostra total. Os estudos comprovaram as evid?ncias de validade do IETP. N?o foi detectada rela??o entre estilo de temperamento, g?nero, ou componente curricular que o professor lecionava, pois cada perfil abarcou professores de diferentes ?reas do conhecimento. Os perfis configurados indicam que os professores apresentam caracter?sticas de temperamento prop?cias ao cuidado com o outro, flexibilidade para adaptar seu planejamento ?s necessidades dos alunos e facilidade de relacionamento interpessoal, condi??es fundamentais para que haja um clima prop?cio ao ensino e ? aprendizagem. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de novos estudos incluindo professores de outras fases de ensino e de outras regi?es do pa?s para garantir maior variabilidade da amostra, oportunizando a forma??o de outros perfis previstos na literatura. S?o indicados tamb?m estudos para comparar o IETP com outros instrumentos de avalia??o do temperamento.