The main goal of this thesis was to implement a functional programming (FP) library named Funk that extends C# with support for concepts present in functional programming languages, such as F# and Scala. Funk utilizes many functional programming concepts, including immutability, pattern matching, and various types of monads, together with stronger typing. Introduction of these concepts into C# helps in avoiding many runtime errors and boilerplate code, and it also lets developers write C# code in a declarative rather than in an imperative way, making the day-to-day software development easier and less error-prone. Additionally, the thesis analyzes and compares Funk with existing functional programming libraries such as Language-ext and FuncSharp. Finally, it analyzes the new features of C# 8, which include nullable reference types and pattern matching and compares them with the functionalities of the Funk library.

Criminal liability of Corporations Abstract Criminal liability of corporations is still a current topic of Czech legal theory and practice. In order to properly grasp this new institute within the Czech legal system, it is necessary to understand the very nature and basics of legal entities, their formation and further existence. Historically, legal entities have been perceived differently and a relatively complex legal-philosophical path has led to the inference of any liability for wrongdoings or torts. Although the criminal liability of corporations is not unknown to continental law, its decline during the 18th and 19th centuries has led to the disappearance of the legal continuity. That is why it may seem today that the introduction of direct criminal liability of corporations is something completely new and absolutely unknown to countries of continental legal tradition. In this work, the author presents a number of historical arguments as to why this is not the case and demonstrates that this institute was known throughout the legal systems throughout Europe. For a better understanding of the whole issue, the interpretation is guided from the very philosophical and legal-historical foundations of corporate theories, through their later development and finally to application by recent law. The core of...

In this thesis, structures defined via modular operads and properads are generalized to their non-commutative analogs. We define the connected sum for modular operads. This way we are able to construct the graded commutative product on the algebra over Feynman transform of the modular operad. This forms a Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra with symmetry given by the modular operad. We transfer this structure to the cohomology via the Homological perturbation lemma. In particular, we consider these constructions for Quantum closed and Quantum open modular operad. As a parallel project we introduce associative analog of Frobenius properad, called Open Frobenius properad. We construct the cobar complex over it and in the spirit of Barannikov interpret algebras over cobar complex as homological differential operators. Furthermore we present the IBA∞-algebras as analog of well-known IBL∞-algebras. 1

Use of Theories of Harm in the Application of Art. 102 TFEU Abstract This master's thesis presents a study of the impact of European Union competition law on the area of abuse of dominance. It maps the usage of the effects-based approach and consumer welfare standard in abuse of dominance cases pursuant to Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. This is done by an analysis of the theories of harm advanced in the case law of the European Commission in prohibition decisions from the last twenty years. The thesis begins by a theoretical discussion and outline of the boundaries to the Commission's discretion in this area, as set by Union courts. Then, a short description of the process of competition law modernisation in Europe continues. In the subsequent analytical part, the cases are tested against two criteria. The first criterion is whether the Commission has analysed the actual or likely effects of a dominant undertaking's conduct. The second criterion is whether the Commission tested the pertinent conduct against a consumer welfare standard. In the final chapter, the results of the analysis are discussed. The conclusion of this thesis is that the Commission's case law did shift to a more effects- based approach over time and that the Commission does attempt to take the...

Causation in the European Context Abstract The aim of this thesis is to provide an insight into the issue of causal link legislation in the European context. The author does not limit herself to an applicable Czech legislation, but also to the regulation pursuant to Principles of European Tort Law (PETL). An important part of this thesis is devoted to the relevant case law concerning causal link. The first part of this thesis contains an interpretation of the concept of causality in the context of non-legal sciences. Furthermore, the author generally deals with liability for damage and each of its presumptions. The second chapter analyses the legislation pursuant to the Civil Code, respectively the Code of Civil Procedure. It also includes a detailed analysis of the Czech courts' case law and recourse into the loss of chance doctrine. The third chapter deals with legislation under PETL, the fourth chapter provides an insight into the concept of causality in selected European countries (England, France and Germany). Finally, the author compares the legislative differences between the "European" and Czech regulation and she also deals with the issue of legislation de lege ferenda. The focus of this thesis is mainly the analysis of case law related to the causal link matter, since the relevant decision-making...

In the beginning, the specific problems of the literary translation will be introduced on a theoretical level. Based on the theory, the detailed translatological analysis of chosen Czech translation of Yi Mun Yeol's novel The Poet will follow. The translation will be compared to the original from various points of view. The biggest focus will be on various translation methods and strategies used for the transfer of the lexical and grammatical expressions, the information structure organization of the target text, cases of amplification, reduction, etc. The attention will be also focused on non-linguistic aspects of translation, such as transferability of cultural and historical facts to a distinct environment.

(in English): Archeology is a science interpreting the past. In every interpretation of the past, there are some conceptual assumptions present that may be imperceptible at first sight. The aim of this primarily theoretical work is to make these assumptions more visible. The thesis is mainly based on the renowned archaeologist Ian Hodder, whose work is presented on the contrast between processual and postprocessual archeology. The greatest attention is paid to Hodder's current theory of Entanglement, which combines the work into one whole and sets its overall tone. Entanglement is a theory dealing with relationships and dependencies between people and things. Interpretation, critical evaluation and summary of related approaches is successively presented. Theory of Entanglement is set within a broader framework of archaeological theoretical discourse, which can be termed as relational archeology. The common denominators of relational archaeologies are the emphasis on relations, interest in the materiality of things and the effort to confront dualisms, such as the relationship of locality and globality. Symmetrical archeology primarily based on the work of Bruno Latour is introduced in one of the chapters. The final section in the spirit of Hodder's theory and relational archaeology deals with the...

The aim of the diploma thesis is to survey characteristics in the experience of people with bipolar disorder. The choice of the topic is based on the lack of research of the experience of people suffering with bipolar disorder in the Czech environment. The aim of this thesis is to comprehend the life of people with bipolar disorder. The theoretical part of the thesis is focusing on the description of the historical and contemporary concept of bipolar disorder including the so-called bipolar spectrum. This part presents treatment options as well as comorbidities which are often a part of the clinical course of the disease. The aim of the theoretical part is to introduce the reader to the issue of bipolar disorder which allows a better understanding of the empirical part. In the empirical part, six respondents were interviewed to collect data. The grounded theory method was chosen for data processing and the Atlas.ti software was used for coding purposes. As a result of the data processing a process of learning how to live with bipolar disorder has emerged. The process of learning how to live with bipolar disorder is an active process that leads to a deeper understanding of the disease and skill gains mitigating manifestation of the disease. At the beginning of the learning, there are motivation...

Title: Pupil's personality and solving problems of school Mathematics by heuristic strategies Author: Mgr. Markéta Škutová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jarmila Novotná, CSc This thesis deals with the relationship between the type of pupil's personality in the dimension of information reception and their ways of solving problems of school Mathematics with the use of heuristic strategies at the lower secondary education of basic school and in the corresponding years of grammar schools. The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge of heuristic strategies in the teaching of mathematics at the lower secondary education of basic school and their application on examples. Furthermore, the theoretical basis of type theory and its use in education is explained. In the practical part the results of the typological questionnaire are presented and an extensive qualitative analysis of the student's problem solving is offered. The resulting findings are supported by concrete examples of students' solutions. In this diploma thesis, there is evidence that the intuitive pupils use the heuristic strategies of problem solving more often than the sensory pupils and are more successful in solving non-traditional tasks. Keywords: heuristic strategies, MBTI, type theory, problem solving

a zkoumá vliv tohoto myšlení na jejich stěžejní díla následující dekádě. V let, ve kterém se formovaly osobnosti a myšlenky obou autorů. tehdejším Č Kosíkovo a Machovcovo myšlení. V závěrečné části práce jsou nastíněny také filozof podněty přicház které autoři postupně včlenili do