This thesis examines the formal and programmatic expansion of one of the most efficient generic spaces, the international airport hub, by serving the specific needs of an increasingly common mobile citizen, the medical tourist. International airport hubs are comprised of a network of interlinked corridors where large transient populations are received, held and then dispersed again. The medical tourist is a product of the rapidly increasing cost and specialization associated with medical treatment procedures. Recognizing that the density of airport hubs now rivals that of contemporary city centers, this project expands the capacity of the international airport hub, thus enabling the airport to compete for citizens in a manner similar to cities. As one iteration of a potential airport expansion system that could serve multiple mobile citizen types, this project exploits the security requirements of an existing airport and an innovative program to hypothesize a new type of airport terminal.

Syftet med mitt examensprojekt har varit att genom min designprocess försöka arbeta fram en terminalmöbel där flygplatsen har stått i fokus då det fungerat som min tilltänkta kontext. I min möbel har jag även försökt tillämpa det formspråk som finns hos flygplan, för att på så sätt försöka skapa en möbel som är väl anpassad för sin tänkta kontext. Genomgående i hela projektet har hållbarhet, vardagens estetik samt användning varit centrala begrepp då dessa var de tilldelade ledord som vi fick i början av projektet. I processen arbetade jag först fram tre olika idékoncept som jag valde att kalla ”väskor med sittyta”, modulmöbler samt flygplansinspirerade möbler. Av dessa tre valde jag sedan att gå vidare med de flygplansinspirerade möblerna. Förutom användandet av metoder så som observationer på Kalmar Airport, Arlanda Airport samt Helsingfors Airport, ITK (Identity Tool Kit), Stateboard och Futureboard, för att på så sätt beskriva min syn på dagens terminalmöbler. Så har jag även för att stärka min möbels utformning gjort research på olika typer av sittställningar som är anpassade vid olika typer av användning. Jag har under arbetets gång även fört dialoger med ergonomer, personer från arbetsmiljöverket, flygplatspersonal samt andra tillfrågade för att på så sätt ytterligare försöka stärka min utformning. / Take-off

Att befinna sig i ett terminalt skede i livet kan innebära en känsla av oro och ångest inför sjukdomen och döden. Möjligheten att då få tillbringa sin sista tid i hemmiljö med nära och kära kring sig genererar för många en trygghet. Syftet med denna uppsats är att belysa vuxna människors erfarenheter av att i livets slutskede vårdas av anhöriga i hemmiljö. Metoden som använts är systematisk litteraturstudie där aktuell forskning inom området sammanställts. Databaser som använts för sökningen var PsycINFO, Medline, Cinahl, Elin@kalmar och SweMed+. Artiklar som syftade till problemformuleringen kvalitetsgranskades och resultatet bygger på tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet visade att sociala relationer och stöd från familjen genererar livskvalitet och trygghet hos människan som vårdas i livets slutskede. Delaktighet i sin vård och känsla av att inte förlora kontrollen över sina symtom gjorde att människan kände hopp och att de klarade av situationen. Slutsatserna var att möjligheten att få bo kvar hemma ansågs mycket betydelsefullt. Sociala relationer bidrog till att människor hemma kände en lägre grad av symtom. Den sjuke uppskattade stödet från familjen men ville inte bli en börda för anhöriga. Information om stöd och en realistisk planering samt insikt i situationens allvar bidrog till att hon kände delaktighet och bättre kunde hantera situationen.

Geotechnical engineers often face important discrepancies between the observed and the predicted behavior of geosystems. Two conceptual frameworks are hypothesized as possible causes: the ubiquitous spatial variability in soil properties and process-dependent terminal densities inherent to granular materials. The effects of spatial variability are explored within conduction and diffusion processes. Mixtures, layered systems, inclusions and random fields are considered, using numerical, experimental and analytical methods. Results include effective medium parameters and convenient design and analysis tools for various common engineering cases. In addition, the implications of spatial variability on inverse problems in diffusion are numerically explored for the common case of layered media. The second hypothesis states that there exists a unique terminal density for every granular material and every process. Common geotechnical properties are readily cast in this framework, and new experimental data are presented to further explore its implications. Finally, an unprecedented field study of blast densification is documented. It involves comprehensive laboratory and site characterization programs and an extensive field monitoring component. This full scale test lasts one year and includes four blasting events.

Abstract After the financial tsunami in 2008, the global economy slowly revives. Taiwan's department store retail industry is flourishing. There is one common feature from observing the location of these new department stores. They have all chosen to locate inside or next to the train station, high-speed railway stations, subway stations and other passenger transportation stations. Department stores in Taiwan formally entered another era. The research shows to discuss the development and definition of terminal department stores from the history of Japan¡¦s department stores. By using quality research, the managers of SKM and GMALL reply to understand what the 7 competitions indexes of terminal department stores. 1.Based on this perspective, the study examines the seven competitions indexes of terminal department stores: 1. Site conditions and the business district: the crowd from transportation is the advantage for terminal department stores, moreover, the booming of the business district will benefit terminal department stores. 2. Commercial space and transfer stations: terminal department stores collocate the commercial space and transfer stations. 3. Product constitution and recruit firm: the major selling points of terminal department stores are famous restaurant, take-out food and instant food of convenient stores that will congregate the consumers to increase their time for shopping in other floor. 4. Service: terminal department stores add more service for customer e.g. passenger luggage storage, wireless Internet for business travelers, foreign currency exchange and delivery of goods. 5. Marketing planning ability: marketing can use not only advertisement and promotion in station, but the DM of members and online community website. 6. Finance: terminal department stores establish one or two years that are lack of overall revenue performance. 7. Overall environment and strategy: combination complementary measures and marketing abroad will add up stores¡¦ image and promotion.

With the economic development, the high quality has become a critical issue for service continuous of power companies. To ensure the stable power supply, the asset management of power equipments is applied to prevent the system outage. With voluminous distribution transformers over very wide area, the real time monitoring of temperature has been included in the scope of smart grid. During recent years, the service outage due to transformer overloading has caused customer panic as well as deterioration of service quality. This thesis develops the Transformer Terminal Unit (TTU) by integration of computer chip for power consumption, DSP and sampling circuit of temperature measurement to achieve the functions of real time monitoring of transformer operation condition. When an abnormal operation condition such as overloading or high oil temperature occurs, the TTU can report the contingency back to the control station via the hybrid communication system so that the distribution system operators can take remedy action to prevent the contingency. The actual loading and temperature of transforms are also measured and collected in this study to develop the relationship of temperature and loading levels. By collecting transformer temperature, the power demand of a transformer can be estimated and the load shedding can then be activated to prevent the problem of overloading when the temperature exceeds the operation constraint.

The goal of the present study is to elucidate the modulatory effect of lipid compositions on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. Sphingomyelin (SM) incorporation inhibited catalytic activity and membrane-damaging activity of native and mutated PLA2 toward egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) vesicles. The inhibitory effects were through the reduction of membrane fluidity and modulation of the mode of membrane binding of PLA2 at water/lipid interface. The modulated effect of SM depended on inherent structural elements of PLA2. Moreover, cholesterol (Chol) incorporation into EYPC/egg yolk sphingomyelin (EYSM) vesicles relieved the inhibitory effect of sphingomyelin on PLA2 activity via lipid domain formation by SM and Chol. The effects on the interactive mode of PLA2 with phospholipids induced by the physical state changes of membrane bilayers abolished the inhibition of SM on catalytic activity and membrane-damaging activity of PLA2. Additionally, quercetin incorporation increased PLA2 activity and membrane-damaging activity toward EYPC/SM vesicles via its raft-making effect. Quercetin incorporation reduced PLA2 activity and membrane-damaging activity toward EYPC/SM/Chol vesicles via its raft-breaking effect. Membrane-inserted quercetin affected on membrane structure and membrane-bound mode of PLA2 to modulate PLA2 interfacial activity and membrane-damaging activity. Finally, studies on the effects of phosphatidylserine (PS) content on the sensitivity of lipid vesicles mimicking inner and outer plasma membrane toward PLA2 activity revealed that the membrane-binding mode adopted by PLA2 depended on the lipid composition. The effects of PS content on the extent of lipid domain formation and the conformation of PLA2 adopted at water-lipid interface modulate PLA2 catalytic activity. Collectively, these results indicate that lipid composition modulates PLA2 activity via its effects on membrane structure and membrane-bound mode of PLA2

In this thesis, we propose a high density non-classical unipolar CMOS width two embedded oxide (2EO) NMOS load. The words ¡§unipolar CMOS¡¨ refer to the fact that the conventional NMOS driver and the proposed 2EO NMOS load are presented in which the electron is the only carrier used. Among them, the 2EO scheme is used to isolate the inversion current. And the dominant current in the 2EO NMOS load is the punch through current which is not a destructive current mechanism. Our proposed CMOS, due to the same carrier used, does not have to compensate the layout width in load design. In addition, the shared terminal of output contacts and the elimination of N-well technique are also presented in our proposed CMOS. Therefore, the layout area can be reduced 72%, in comparison with conventional CMOS. Furthermore, the packing density can be increased and the fabrication cost can be reduced, respectively. We also find out that the delay time can be improved 39% to increase the operating frequency, as compared with the convention CMOS.

In this thesis, we present a high-speed non-classical unipolar CMOS with a thick sidewall-spacer gate-oxide NMOS load. This unipolar CMOS is composed of a NMOS driver and a thick sidewall-spacer gate-oxide NMOS which replaces a PMOS as load. We focus on the investigation of punch-through current in unipolar CMOS trends. In addition, we also design a conventional CMOS for comparison. According to the simulations, the logical characteristics of our proposed CMOS are valid, in which the average propagation delay time is improved 20 % compared with the conventional CMOS. This is due to the presence of a thick sidewall-spacer gate-oxide NMOS load. For the viewpoint of device fabrication, the N well process can also be eliminated. This means that the proposed NMOS load not only improves the CMOS speed, but also reduces the fabrication cost. Thus, because of the shared-terminal output, the layout area can be significantly decreased 41 %, in comparison with the conventional CMOS.

Understanding the role of freshwater wetlands in the global carbon cycle has become more important as evidence of climate change grows. In this paper, we examine the burial and decomposition of particulate organic matter (POM) in a temperate, siliciclastic, seasonal wetland. High POM abundances are found in silt layers, while sand units preserve very little POM. The POM distribution with depth is compared to the biogeochemistry of sediment porewater with depth. POM acts as a driver for reduction reactions within the wetland soil. Porewater biogeochemistry and POM decomposition are controlled by seasonal changes in the level of the water table which cause seasonal shifts in the oxic/anoxic boundary. At the oxic/anoxic boundary, reoxidation of FeS minerals in the soil cause rapid POM decomposition at the average minimum water table level in the late summer and early fall. Variation in the minimum depth of the water table from year to year may account for fluctuating POM numbers in the upper silt layers. The results from this study can be used to predict seasonal water level fluctuations in ancient wetland and to explain recurrence horizons in peat.