This dissertation analyzes the expansion of narrative journalism and the institutional change in the American newspaper industry in the last quarter of the 20th century. In doing so, it offers the first institutionally-situated history of narrative journalism’s evolution from the New Journalism of the 1960s to longform literary journalism in the 1990s. This analysis shows that the New Journalism, contrary to popular beliefs, did indeed have a significant impact on daily news production in American newspapers. Yet, this study also demonstrates that the evolution of narrative techniques in late twentieth century American journalism was more nuanced, more purposeful and more institutionally based than the New Journalism myth suggests. When editors and journalists adapted narrative journalism in daily newspaper between the 1960s and the early 2000s, they responded to a variety of cultural and institutional influences and then developed a narrative news logic to mediate and channel these influences. Eventually, narrative journalism took shape as a distinct “cultural form of news,” adding a novel way of reporting and writing the news in daily newspapers. This dissertation examines how narrative innovations took hold in American newspapers and how in turn the production logic of newspapers affected narrative conventions. Relying on archival research, oral history interviews and textual analysis, this study traces and analyzes the emergence of narrative journalism in American newspapers between the 1960s and the 1990s. A combination of individual efforts and institutional initiatives changed newsroom cultures, fostered an interpretive community and created rituals, establishing an alternative way of reporting and writing the news in American newspapers. This work offers a nuanced description of how a new set of institutions, norms, processes, and actors emerged in journalism and how this novel news regime shaped the attitudes and practices of media producers and consumers in the late 20th century.

Doctor of Philosophy / Security Studies Interdepartmental Program / David R. Stone / Best known for being a ‘rollercoaster’ and a ‘marriage of convenience’, various scholars have tried to reflect upon the true nature of Pak-U.S. relationship under this banner. However, no matter how one examines this relationship one thing is certain –– the experience for both countries has been harrowing. After India settled for non-alignment early in the Cold War, Pakistan seized the opportunity and aligned itself with the United States in the East-West struggle and pledged allegiance to fight communism in Asia. But that was not the only motive –– Pakistan secretly hoped that an alliance with the U.S. would provide it security against India with whom Pakistan had an antagonistic relationship over their outstanding territorial dispute of Kashmir. When the U.S. did not rescue Pakistan as it had hoped for during its war with India in 1965 and sanctioned both countries with an arms embargo, Pakistan felt betrayed. From that period onwards, Pakistan’s list of grievances against the U.S. developed into a narrative of betrayal and abandonment fed by several episodes in their relationship during and after the Cold War –– a period in which Pakistan developed and tested its nuclear weapons –– duly exploited by Pakistani leaders as a tool for populist politics. This dissertation provides the first scholarly account of Pakistan’s narrative and tests its merit against the U.S. non-proliferation policy towards Pakistan under five administrations from Ford to Clinton and finds that Pakistan’s narrative of betrayal and abandonment is uneven and misleading with respect to the objectives and successes of U.S. non-proliferation policy. This dissertation uses multi-archival documents to offer a counter-narrative which argues that Pakistan, although a small state, was able to brilliantly maneuver its way through restricted spaces in its relationship with the U.S. in the past five decades to not only acquire a decent conventional capability through U.S. military assistance but also nuclear weapons due to the fickleness of U.S. non-proliferation policy. This research concludes that the compromises made by the U.S. to accommodate Pakistan and its inconsistency in enforcement of non-proliferation laws has implications for the efficacy and success of U.S. non-proliferation policy with prospective proliferants.

The content of this thesis is the evaluation of the United States' tax system. The paper describes particular taxes, its influence on the government budget and the tax policy in the states. The work includes an international comparison of various tax systems among OECD countries, Japan and the U.S. The first part observes general economic indicators of the U.S. The second part describes the historical development of particular taxes since the U.S. Declaration of Independence. The third part is dedicated to tax legislation, description of main taxes, its structures and concepts where all taxes are divided for the simplicity into direct, indirect, property and others taxes. The next part reflects framework for tax analysis. And the last part of the thesis consists of basic comparison between the United States, Japan and OECD counties. The analysis in the last chapter is applicable for the last decade. The conclusion presents main results of analysis and description performed in the work.

The nuclear age provided U.S. soldiers and statesmen with unprecedented challenges. the U.S. military had to incorporate a weapon into strategic calculations without knowing whether the use of the weapon would be approved. Broad considerations of policy led President Dwight Eisenhower to formulate a policy that relied on nuclear weapons while fully realizing their destructive potential. Despite the belief that possession of nuclear weapons provided strategic superiority, the U.S. realized that such weapons were of little value. This realization did not stop planners from attempting to find ways to use nuclear weapons in Korea and Indochina.

This study reviews factors that identify U.S. Hispanics as being an ideal target market for adopting Location Based Services (LBS). By using the diffusion of innovation theory, an observed pattern of Hispanics’ adoption of technology, advertisements, smartphones and various smartphone value-added services reveals U.S. Hispanics to be more likely to adopt LBS than non-Hispanics. The study also identifies the top U.S. cell phone wireless providers and analyzes their marketing position towards U.S. Hispanics. AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile and Verizon are noted as marketing their services to U.S. Hispanics via in-culture messages and campaigns. The four wireless providers also utilize LBS as a profitable tool and market LBS to their customers, regardless of ethnicity.

The Army, despite having been vexed for a century on how to effectively fight the Plains Indians, ultimately defeated them only a decade after the Civil War. This thesis will bring to the forefront those individuals who adapted fighting techniques and ultimately achieved victories on the Texas frontier before the Civil War. The majority of these victories came as a result of mounted warfare under the direction of lower ranking officers in control of smaller forces. The tactic of fighting Indians from horseback was shown to be effective by the Rangers and later emulated by the Army.

JoEllen Lukavec Koester Abstract This thesis aims to demonstrate that recent trends in immigrant integration efforts in selected North American cities can be applied to European cities with the expectation of success. The first section of this thesis considers recent trends in immigrant integration theory, emphasizing those directed at host or receiving populations, and summarizes the approach the Welcoming America organization takes in terms of the integration of immigrants. The second major section of the thesis compares immigrant integration strategies used in Austin, Nashville, Dayton, and Halifax, and speculates as to which of these strategies could be applied with the expectation of success to the European cities of Birmingham and Prague. These European cities have been chosen for comparison specifically because Prague and Birmingham are presently at a critical juncture in the reception and integration of their immigrant populations. Immigration strategy employed in Birmingham and Prague in the next several years will determine, for better or worse, future trends in immigrant integration in these cities. This thesis concludes that by adopting models used in North American cities such as Nashville, Austin, Dayton, and Halifax, the European cities of Prague and Birmingham would strengthen the success of...

This thesis examined the impact of the U.S-China trade war on the global, U.S, and China?s agricultural exports while considering the competing suppliers? effect using a highly disaggregated HS 6-digit trade flow data in the structural gravity model. The empirical results indicate that the trade war caused about 8.6% and 17% reduction in U.S and China?s agricultural exports, respectively. However, global agricultural export was not negatively impacted during the trade war. Finally, the results also showed that tariff increases by U.S caused an increased in U.S competing suppliers? exports to China. Similarly, China?s retaliatory tariffs caused an increase in China?s competing suppliers? exports to the U.S.

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