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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

On Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection in a Two-Phase Binary Gas Mixture

Winkel, Florian 27 October 2014 (has links)
No description available.
12

Rotation and non-Oberbeck-Boussinesq effects in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

Horn, Susanne 30 September 2014 (has links)
No description available.
13

Approches innovantes en convection thermique turbulente. Influence des rugosités et étude Lagrangienne. / Innovative approaches of turbulent thermal convection. Influence of roughness and Lagrangian study

Liot, Olivier 10 December 2015 (has links)
Lors de cette thèse nous avons étudié le phénomène de convection thermique turbulente. La compréhension des mécanismes du flux thermique induit est encore un défi. Dans cette optique, deux approches innovantes ont été utilisées. La première a consisté en une approche Lagrangienne. Dans un premier temps, nous avons immergé une particule instrumentée munie de capteurs de température. Sa vitesse a été mesurée simultanément afin de calculer le flux thermique local transporté. En comparant les mesures effectuées à des simulations numériques et à des mesures Eulériennes, la pertinence de cette méthode a été révélée. Nous avons ensuite ensemencé l'écoulement avec des particules de diamètre inférieur à l'échelle dissipative du système. Nous avons alors pu effectuer les suivre en 3D et nous intéresser aux statistiques turbulentes, ainsi qu'à la dispersion de paires. Nous avons ensuite étudié une configuration où la plaque du bas comporte des rugosités contrôlées. Il est reconnu que cela amène une augmentation du transfert thermique supérieure à celle reliée à l'augmentation de surface. Nous avons mis en évidence des mécanismes possibles qui expliquent ce phénomène. Des mesures thermométriques dans une cellule remplie d'eau ainsi que des mesures vélocimétriques dans une cellule six fois plus grande remplie d'air ont permis d'observer un changement radical de la structure des couches limites au voisinage des rugosités, notamment l'apparition d'une couche limite turbulente. Ces mesures ont été accompagnées de mesures de vitesse de l'écoulement global qui ont révélé une augmentation drastique des fluctuations de vitesse ainsi que l'apparition d'un nouveau régime de turbulence. / In this work, turbulent thermal convection is studied. Undestanding the mechanisms of induced thermal flux is still a challenge. In this context we used two innovative approaches.The first one consists in a Lagrangian approach. An instrumented particle, designed for temperature measurements, is immersed in the flow. The simultaneous measurement of the temperature view from the particle and its velocity allowsto obtain local Lagrangian heat flux. By comparing these measurements with numerical simulation and Eulerian investigations we can assert the relevance of this method. Then we seeded the flow with particles whose diameter is smaller than the dissipative scale of the system. We performed 3D tracking to access to turbulent statistics and pair dipersion.On the other hand we study a configuration with controlled roughness on the bottom plate. It is well-known that it leads to thermal flux enhancement higher than the one linked to the surface increasing. We bring out possible mechanisms to explain this phenomenon. Thermometric measurements in water-filled cell and anemometric measurements in a six-time larger air-filled cell point out a dramatic change of the boundary layers structure close to roughness. Particularly a turbulent viscous boundary layer appears. Theses investigations are supplemented by velocity measurements of the global flow and reveal a large increase of velocity fluctuations and the appearance of a new turbulence regime.
14

Active control of heat transfer by an electric field / Contôle actif du transfert thermique par champ électrique

Meyer, Antoine 15 December 2017 (has links)
La stabilité d’un fluide Newtonien diélectrique confiné dans un anneau cylindrique et soumis à un gradient radial de température et à un champ électrique est étudiée. Le gradient de température induit une stratification de la permittivité électrique du fluide et de sa masse volumique. Trois poussées thermiques rentrent alors en jeu : la gravité terrestre créée la poussée d’Archimède, la rotation des cylindres engendre la poussée centrifuge, et le champ électrique induit la poussée diélectrophorétique. L’effet de ces poussées est étudié dans différentes combinaisons, principalement à travers l’étude de la stabilité linéaire, mais également par la simulation numérique directe. / The stability of a Newtonian dielectric fluid confined in a cylindrical annulus and submitted to a radial temperature gradient and an electric field is studied. The temperature gradient induces a stratification of the electric permittivity and of the density. Thus three thermal buoyancies intervene: the Earth gravity creates the Archimedean buoyancy, the rotation of the cylinders generates the centrifugal buoyancy, and the electric field induces the dielectrophoretic buoyancy. The effect of these buoyancies is studied in different combination, principally through the linear stability analysis, but also by direct numerical simulation.
15

Vliv hloubkové závislosti fyzikálních vlastností zemského pláště na charakter termální konvekce / Influence of depth dependence of the Earth's mantle properties on thermal-convection characteristics

Šustková, Hana January 2014 (has links)
Aim of this work is a systematic investigation of the modes of thermal convection (onset of convection, stationary solutions, periodic solutions, chaotic states) in a material whose properties vary with depth like the material of Earth mantle; the problem was solved in Cartesian geometry. The Stokes equation set was consistently formulated in the spectral region not only horizontally but also vertically, and thus in the model consisting of layers with a constant viscosity but with general course of velocity and temperature in each layer. This equation set was solved with matrix method for each wave vector. Thermal equation was solved in the spatial domain and the transition of velocity and temperature between spectral and spatial domains was performed using the fast Fourier transform. This procedure allows a straightforward parallelization, thereby opening the possibility of not only two-dimensional but also three-dimensional modeling and modeling of chaotic regimes. On the basis of the numerical difficulties of method presented here an model investigated in finite elemens was used. The basic modes of thermal convection were then investigated using model assembled in the software Comsol. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
16

Vliv hloubkové závislosti fyzikálních vlastností zemského pláště na charakter termální konvekce / Influence of depth dependence of the Earth's mantle properties on thermal-convection characteristics

Šustková, Hana January 2014 (has links)
Title: Influence of depth dependence of the Earth's mantle properties on thermal-convection characteristics Author: Hana Šustková Department: Department of Geophysics Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Ctirad Matyska, DrSc. Abstract: This thesis concerns the study of convection in Cartesian models in two and three dimensions. Specifically, it deals with the systematic monitoring of critical Rayleigh numbers based on the geometry model, on the functional dependence of the viscosity or of other parameters. Models has been created with layered viscosity and constant or temperature- and depth- dependent parameters (thermal expansion and conductivity). The system has been described by conventional dimensionless Boussinesq approximation. Part of the work is devoted to the application of matrix method for solving the appropriate Stokes flow and use of Euler's method for solving the thermal equation. The actual calculations were then performed in an environment of commercial software Comsol and thus by using the finite element method. It was shown that the dominant influence on the critical Rayleigh numbers has a viscosity model (with increasing viscosity the critical Rayleigh numbers increase), other important parameter is system's geometry (larger size and dimension of the geometry reduce the critical Rayleigh number). The...
17

Etude locale de la thermique dans les piles à combustibles pour application automobile. Corrélation à la durée de vie / Local thermal analysis of fuels cells for automotive application. Impact on durability

Nandjou, Fredy 16 November 2015 (has links)
L'un des principaux freins au développement des piles à combustible de type PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) est lié aux phénomènes de dégradation des performances qui les pénalisent encore en termes de durée de vie. L'étude de ces phénomènes au niveau des composants de l’AME est un thème abordé aujourd'hui par de nombreuses équipes de recherche, mais une étude à une échelle d’un stack est nécessaire pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes en jeu. En effet, dans un stack les conditions de fonctionnement ne sont pas homogènes comme dans les cellules de laboratoire, notamment au niveau thermique. Ceci est particulièrement exacerbé dans les piles pour application automobile, dont la compacité contraint fortement la conception du circuit de refroidissement. De plus, les exigences en termes de démarrage à froid sont à prendre en compte, avec notamment la limitation de l'inertie thermique de l'empilement ou l'apparition d'hétérogénéités plus fortes pendant les phases transitoires.Ce travail de thèse se propose d'étudier l'effet d'hétérogénéités de température sur la performance d'une pile en application automobile et sa dégradation. L'étude est menée dans différentes conditions de fonctionnement: fonctionnement nominal, cyclage thermique et cyclage NEDC (New European Driving Cycles).Cette étude comporte une partie expérimentale, centrée sur des essais de vieillissement en pile et un travail sur le diagnostic électrochimique global et local. Elle est complétée par des expertises post-mortem des assemblages membrane-électrodes et des plaques testées. En parallèle, un travail de modélisation est mené pour relier les constatations expérimentales à une description des phénomènes en présence. L'influence du design des canaux de réactifs et de caloporteur sur le fonctionnement des piles est étudiée. Enfin, l’effet de la gestion thermique sur la dégradation des performances et sur la détérioration des composants de la pile est étudié. / One of the main challenges for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells development is the performance loss, which largely limits the durability. The study of the degradation phenomena of the different MEA components is a challenge addressed by many researchers, but a study at a stack scale is needed in order to better understand the ageing mechanisms. Indeed, in an industrial fuel cell the operating conditions are not homogeneous as for laboratory fuel cells, especially as regards thermal aspects. The heterogeneities are particularly emphasized for automotive fuel cells, because of the compactness constraint of the cooling circuit. Moreover, the requirements of cold start should be considered, as well as the inertial effects of the stacks and the increased heterogeneities during the driving cycles.In this work, the effects of the temperature heterogeneities and hot spots on the automotive fuel cell performances and degradations are investigated. The study is conducted in different conditions: nominal conditions, load/thermal cycling and New European Driving Cycles (NEDC).The work is composed of an experimental study, which consists of ageing tests on fuel cells and on-line diagnosis at both global and local scales. At the end of the tests, post-mortem analyses of the aged components are conducted. In parallel, a physic-based model is developed in order to predict the local temperature and humidity in the different components of the cell. Then, the impact of the reactive gases and cooling flow fields design on the thermal and water management of the cell is investigated. Finally, the experimental and modeling results are coupled in order to investigate the correlation between heat management, water management and degradations.
18

New methods of characterizing spatio-temporal patterns in laboratory experiments

Kurtuldu, Huseyin 25 August 2010 (has links)
Complex patterns arise in many extended nonlinear nonequilibrium systems in physics, chemistry and biology. Information extraction from these complex patterns is a challenge and has been a main subject of research for many years. We study patterns in Rayleigh-Benard convection (RBC) acquired from our laboratory experiments to develop new characterization techniques for complex spatio-temporal patterns. Computational homology, a new topological characterization technique, is applied to the experimental data to investigate dynamics by quantifying convective patterns in a unique way. The homology analysis is used to detect symmetry breakings between hot and cold flows as a function of thermal driving in experiments, where other conventional techniques, e.g., curvature and wave-number distribution, failed to reveal this asymmetry. Furthermore, quantitative information is acquired from the outputs of homology to identify different spatio-temporal states. We use this information to obtain a reduced dynamical description of spatio-temporal chaos to investigate extensivity and physical boundary effects in RBC. The results from homological analysis are also compared to other dimensionality reduction techniques such as Karhunen-Loeve decomposition and Fourier analysis.
19

Pattern Formation in Spatially Forced Thermal Convection / Musterbildung in Thermischer Konvektion unter räumlich variierenden Randbedingungen

Weiß, Stephan 14 October 2009 (has links)
No description available.
20

Coherent structures in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection / Kohärente Strukturen in turbulenter Rayleigh-Bénard Konvektion

Haramina, Tomi 05 January 2006 (has links)
No description available.

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