Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1973. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig. / Lebenslauf. "Die untersuchung erscheint gleichzeitig im dritten heft des 9. bandes der Neuen psychologischen studien, hrsg. von F. Krueger und O. Klemm, C.H. Beck'sche verlagsbuchhandlung, München." "Literaturverzeichnis": p. [234].

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig. / Lebenslauf. "Die untersuchung erscheint gleichzeitig im dritten heft des 9. bandes der Neuen psychologischen studien, hrsg. von F. Krueger und O. Klemm, C.H. Beck'sche verlagsbuchhandlung, München." "Literaturverzeichnis": p. [234].

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 175-178).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Exercise Sciences, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-124).

Lacrosse, Canada’s national summer sport, is a sport anchored in first nations’ tradition. Its growing popularity in North America has not been reflected by a similar interest in the scientific literature more specifically on the biomechanics of the lumbar spine with its throwing motion. The aim of this study was to describe the motions, forces and muscle actions of the lumbar spine with the hybrid, overhand and sidearm throw. Twelve subjects were asked to throw at maximal speed while captured by a 3D motion analysis system. Flexion, extension and axial rotation angular velocities as well as positive and negative powers in the two planes were calculated. The first research question pertained to consistency in angular velocities and powers between trials of a given throwing technique. Subjects showed a fairly high variation on all variables but mostly with the angular velocities in extension and the peak positive power in flexion/extension which had high coefficient of variations (CVs). The contralateral rotation velocity and the positive rotation power had the lowest CVs. Overall the CVs for powers exceeded the angular velocities’. The second research question addressed if a difference in variables was present between the three throwing methods. A significant difference was observed in the peak negative power in flexion/extension and the peak positive power in rotation. The contralateral rotation angular velocity also showed a significant difference but the sphericity assumption failed. No other variable showed a significant difference but the observed power for those variables was also quite small. Due to the lack of power and the further need for controlling some unforeseen sources of error, this study can be used as a pilot study to further define and improve future studies in the field of lacrosse biomechanics.

Lacrosse, Canada’s national summer sport, is a sport anchored in first nations’ tradition. Its growing popularity in North America has not been reflected by a similar interest in the scientific literature more specifically on the biomechanics of the lumbar spine with its throwing motion. The aim of this study was to describe the motions, forces and muscle actions of the lumbar spine with the hybrid, overhand and sidearm throw. Twelve subjects were asked to throw at maximal speed while captured by a 3D motion analysis system. Flexion, extension and axial rotation angular velocities as well as positive and negative powers in the two planes were calculated. The first research question pertained to consistency in angular velocities and powers between trials of a given throwing technique. Subjects showed a fairly high variation on all variables but mostly with the angular velocities in extension and the peak positive power in flexion/extension which had high coefficient of variations (CVs). The contralateral rotation velocity and the positive rotation power had the lowest CVs. Overall the CVs for powers exceeded the angular velocities’. The second research question addressed if a difference in variables was present between the three throwing methods. A significant difference was observed in the peak negative power in flexion/extension and the peak positive power in rotation. The contralateral rotation angular velocity also showed a significant difference but the sphericity assumption failed. No other variable showed a significant difference but the observed power for those variables was also quite small. Due to the lack of power and the further need for controlling some unforeseen sources of error, this study can be used as a pilot study to further define and improve future studies in the field of lacrosse biomechanics.

Title: Stabilization training with sensorimotor tool Propriomed in handball Goal: The aim of our experiment was to evaluate an influence of short-term and long-term exercise with Propriomed on an accuracy of throwing ball in handball with taking speed of throwing into consideration. Methods: It was used an experiment to evaluate changes of throwing accuracy and speed depending on a specific intervention. Concretely interventions were an usual training unit without using Propriomed, an exercise unit with Propriomed and long-term exercising with Propriomed which lasted for a month. Measuring of values was always done before the beginning of training with participation of 11 probands. A radar gun named Stalker was used for measuring of speed throwing. Final values were processed in the programme Dartfish for an analysis of throwing accuracy. Results: Negative effect on throwing accuracy was found in the case of 7 probands because of exercise unit with Propriomed. In the case of 2 probands this intervention led to increase of accuracy and two probands were without an effect. Long-term intervention with Propriomed did not have a positive effect on throwing accuracy either. There was an exception of two probands with increasing accuracy after intervention. Both interventions had a positive effect on four...

The biomechanics of the overhead throw has been extensively studied in regards to baseball pitching. However, an understanding of the proper mechanics needed to successfully throw a football has not previously been investigated. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematics, kinetics, and electromyography of the football throws in elite quarterbacks. Three collegiate quarterbacks were evaluated using a multi-camera motion capture system and electromyography electrodes. The results of this study are able to give a breakdown in the types of mechanics needed in each of the phases of the throw. This study demonstrated that during the early cocking phase, most of the movement seen in the upper body occurs in the frontal plane to abduct the shoulder. During the late cocking phase, the shoulder holds a constant abduction angle and begins to externally rotate. The shoulder reaches a value of 117° of external rotation, much less than has previously been reported. During the acceleration phase, the shoulder rapidly internally rotates as well as horizontally adducts. Once the ball is released, the shoulder has to produce large forces and muscle activity to slow down the rotation. These results will be able to give coaches and players a tool for what to look for when evaluating the mechanics of an individual.

Background: Shoulder complex injuries are common among overhand throwing athletes. These injuries often manifest as a result of habitual sport performance and often lead to time loss injuries. The mechanisms of these injuries are often non-traumatic and theories on how shoulder injuries manifest differ. Objectives: To describe the proposed mechanisms of commonly reported shoulder injuries as they relate to the phases of the throwing motion. Major findings: Shoulder injuries commonly involve rotator cuff muscles and tendons, scapulothoracic muscles, glenohumeral joint labrum, proximal humeral epiphysis, glenohumeral joint capsule, biceps muscle and tendon, and subacromial bursa. The injuries found in these tissues and their purported mechanisms of injury during the throw vary. Conclusions: The late cocking and deceleration phases have been implicated with the largest number of associated pathologies. Multiple injuries were theorized to occur at more than one phase of the throwing motion. Consensus has not been achieved on the provocative events leading to shoulder injury during the throwing motion.