Great challenges often require the combined strength of various actors. Especially in areas that are shaped by fast technological development such as the application of additive manufacturing (AM) in life sciences, the interplay of different fields of expertise, including experts from industry, academia and government, is needed. While the collaboration of diverse actors can constitute a vast potential for innovations, it also entails a major challenge to negotiate among diverse individual interest, backgrounds, beliefs, and value systems. One field of research that can help to understand the consequences of such differences in the interests and beliefs in organizational settings is the institutional logics perspective. Institutional logics account for broader institutional value systems that guide actors’ cognition and actions. When organizations embody multiple logics, scholars speak of logic multiplicity. However, the consequences for organizational functioning that arise from logic multiplicity are still discussed among scholars, ranging from an enhanced innovativeness, to an increased conflict potential and organizational dismiss. In order to better understand logic interaction and its implications for organizational functioning, an embedded-case study was conducted. The embedded-case study focused on AddLife at Uppsala University, a competence center in its early phases of formation which is concerned with the advancement of applications of AM in life sciences. Based on semi-structured interviews and documentational data, three different logics were captured for three main stakeholder groups in AddLife. Further, the interaction of these logics during the early phases of competence center formation was analyzed, corroborating the role of logic compatibility (whether logics imply consistent goals). This study’s findings suggest that common goals have been found in AddLife, but some differences regarding the different logics’ implied goals remain, stressing the role of active mediation. Further, the study suggests that building strong intra-organizational ties is pivotal during the early phases of competence center formation, proposing a framework that encompasses three main approaches to build such ties. The first approach is to create a sense of community, including to reinforce synergies, to ensure engagement, and to connect projects. The second approach is to establish an open communication flow which comprises to clarify roles, to encourage asking questions, and to match expectations. Finally, the third approach is to organize personal meetings in order to establish relationships in the first place and to enable discussions.

Sara, Amatul Sabooh (2020) Exploring place attachment and neighbourhood effects: A case study of Skärholmen and Vårberg, Sweden Urban and Regional Planning, advanced level, master thesis for master exam in Urban and Regional Planning, 30 ECTS credits Supervisors: Danielle Drozdsewski and Eva Andersson Language: English Key words: neighbourhood effect, place attachment, social cohesion, collective efficacy, social ties. Abstract If we take residential neighbourhoods as a space for making social ties and interactions, we can learn a lot about the generated neighbourhood effects on its residents and their subsequent attachments towards neighbourhoods as a place. It is believed that neighbourhoods have an impact on individuals and groups either significant or insignificant. The neighbourhood effect is understood by deeply observing the common trends, norms and similar behaviours, furthermore, by measuring the influence it has on life of its residents. This study intends to explore the relationships between neighbourhood effects and place attachment and is inspired from a bigger project ‘The Neighbourhood Revisited’ (Research programme in Department of Human Geography at Stockholm University, Riksbankens Jubileumsfond 2019-2024) that explores the spatial polarization and social cohesion in contemporary Sweden. The aim of my study is to look at social ties, how it changes over time and what neighbourhood effects we can observe on its residents’ social lives. Neighbourhood effect and place attachment studied together, through the narratives of local residents give many new meanings to both concepts. My focus here is on social aspects of it.

The aim of the study is to investigate why the individual begins a criminal career, why individuals choose to end the criminal career, and whether they view their previous crime as a result of the surrounding society or take personal responsibility. Qualitative interviews have been conducted. The sample consists of individuals who have left the criminal path and done so at least 3 years ago. The results of the study resulted in social ties within e.g., schooling, socializing, the residential area and the family are underlying factors that can be linked to the reasons for starting a criminal career. The family can also be considered a central factor in the reasons why a former criminal ends his criminal life. The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the study shows that regardless of influencing factors, it is not individual events that are decisive if the individual neither begins nor ends a criminal career. It is the interplay of these underlying factors or events that will drive further behavioural changes in the individual. / Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka varför de tidigare kriminella individerna påbörjar en kriminell karriär, varför individerna väljer att avsluta den kriminella karriären, samt om de ser på sin tidigare kriminalitet som en följd av det omgivande samhället eller tar ett personligt ansvar. Kvalitativa intervjuer har utförts. Urvalet består av personer som har lämnat den kriminella banan och gjort detta för minst 3 år sedan. Studiens resultat mynnade ut i att sociala band inom t.ex. skolgång, umgänge, bostadsområdet och familjen är bakomliggande faktorer som kan kopplas till orsaker för en påbörjad kriminell karriär. Familjen kan dessutom betraktas som en central faktor i orsaker till att en tidigare kriminell avslutar sin kriminella karriär. Den slutgiltiga slutsatsen som kan dras av studiens resultat visar, att oavsett påverkande faktorer så är det inte enstaka händelser som är avgörande om individen vare sig påbörjar eller avslutar en kriminell karriär. Det är snarare samspelet av dessa bakomliggande faktorer eller händelser som kommer att driva vidare beteendeförändringar hos individen.

Extensive emigration from post-soviet countries is caused mainly by unfavorable economic and social conditions, which is the source of the preporderant economic motive of Ukrainian and Moldovan migrants to another country. Mainly for the purpose of easier immigration to the Czech Republic, social networks and links are being built and maintained in geographically dispersed places. Their indispensability in the migration process lies in obtaining information, access to valuable resources and retention of psychological support. Due to the expansion of communication technologies and increasingly favorable conditions for travelling, social networks and ties are gradually developing. The submitted diploma thesis explores the influence of social networks on international migration and the success of the integration of Ukrainian and Moldovan migrants in the Czech Republic. The social networks of migrants are tested in terms of their intensity in the country of origin and in the destination country, and at the same time the financial remittance and transnationalization behavior is targeted. The impact of social networks on migration is analyzed by a quantitative method based on the answers from a questionnaire survey with a selection using the ,,snow-ball" method (data for this research were obtained and...

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In sociological literature and in health policies on adolescent sexual behavior, researchers, educators, and policymakers continue to express their concern with the high number of adolescents engaging in an early sexual debut because of pregnancy risk, high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In particular, much attention is given to the young age of sexual experiences among Black youth compared to those of other races. However, for Black female adolescents, the experiences and dilemmas they face can be more compelling, because the “Black female experience defies a singular definition” (Rozie-Battle 2002, p. 60). This study will fill a gap in previous literature on sexual decisions among Black teens by moving beyond a discussion of only negative decisions. If attachment and social bond theory are taken into consideration, family instability could weaken attachment and lead to riskier sex by weakening controls on undesirable behavior like condom non-use. These same theories would also pose that weakened attachment between family members and adolescent women can create replacement ties and stronger bonds to a sexual partner, which in turn leads to more sex, but not necessarily riskier sex. Utilizing the Young Women’s Project (YWP) at Indiana University, the present study investigates both of these hypotheses.

Chagga women who control land on Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, have a deep and profound sense of attachment to their lands and homes. This thesis compares their reasons for attachment to the systemic model. The systemic model states that community attachment is dependent on social ties and interactions. The three factors that lead to these ties are length of residence, social status, and age. In-depth interviews with women in 2002 and 2003, a survey from 2002, and field notes from 2002 and 2003 are used to explain the main factors of attachment of women in three villages on the mountain: Mbahe, Marangu, and Chekereni. This research finds that social ties are not dependent on length of residence, but do have some connections with social status and age. Women have social ties regardless of their length of residence. They interact with each other no matter the social status of the other, but this occurs more frequently as the women are more involved in education and religion. Western influences, land shortages, and economic pressures are causing the interactions of the young and old to be more strained. Though social ties are partly related so social status and age, this thesis finds that the attachment of Chagga women does not completely follow the systemic model. Instead, the women's attachment is primarily associated with family ties. The land has provided food and income for their families for generations and it is the hope of each of the women that it will continue to care for their families in such a way.

Juvenile delinquency is a topic that has been up for political debate during the election year in Sweden. As people tend to commit crimes at younger ages, we have concidered the schools’ role being a central part of the preventive work against juvenile delinquency. This since young people spend a large part of their time in school. The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of the preventive work against juvenile delinquency in middle schools in Växjö municipality. The purpose was also to understand the importance of the theory of social control to prevent young people from developing criminal behaviour. This study was based on a qualitative method which included nine semi-structured interviews with middle school principals in Växjö municipality. The results showed that the majority of the schools work preventively against juvenile delinquency in terms of specific routines and models. However, this work was not always defined as prevention work by the schools themselves. This study showed that bullying and exclusion in school is not always detected by school staff. Based on the theory of social control, this is an issue that needs to be improved in order to strengthen young people’s social ties in school. This could contribute to fewer young people choosing to commit crimes due to better social control.

Of the 700 offenders that are released from prison each year, seven in ten will be rearrested. There are a number of barriers face by released offenders that inhibit their successful reentry. These barriers include: mental health illness, limited work experience, lower education, substance abuse, lack of transportation, homelessness and poverty strain of family ties and/or close relationships. This paper explores the impact of social support on recidivism rates through a systematic review of the literature surrounding prosocial support. The implications for social work practice and research are also discussed.

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