The essence of the thesis is to answer the best possible way the theoretical and empirical question how national identity reflects the transcultural turnover (Kreuzzieger, 2012a, 2012b). The concept of transcultural turnover includes theories which consider the cultural aspects of contemporary accelerating globalization, including a premise of weakening of the nation-state in terms of its cultural homogeneity (Welsch, 1999, 2000), which is seen as one of the pillars of national identity (Hall, 1992; Anderson, 2008; Tomlinson 2003). Answers to the raised questions are by some authors conceptualized differently, and as such, in the form of hypotheses, the answers enter the empirical part of this thesis and there they are tested for 16 selected European countries thanks to the publicly available data from a survey of national identity. The research was carried out by ISSP in 1995 and 2003. There are also used some other sources of aggregate data such as GDP level or index of globalization. From the statistical analysis there is hierarchical cluster analysis, correlation analysis and Z-test of proportions. The real effect of transcultural turnover to change the form of national identity can not be on the basis of the empirical part of this thesis excluded, given the fact that the national identities of...

Judaism, that is dealt with in a lot of publications, is a religion scattered all over the world. In the history of all countries you can find mention of a Jewish locality, ghetto, some famous Jew, or a court case with Jews. Jews were persecuted for centuries, and nearly everybody remembers World War II and the Holocaust. Globalization brings migration and multicultural society. To provide clients with efficient nursing care, it is necessary to ensure good professional readiness of nurses for transcultural nursing. The dissertation deals with the peculiarities of nursing care of clients of the Jewish denomination. For the research part techniques of quality research were used {--} semi-standardized survey interview and content data analyse. The research set consisted of 11 clients from Domov sociální péče Hagibor in Prague (care home), and there were 37 files of medical documentation at our disposal. At the very beginning of the research we set 3 aims. Do hospitalized clients of the Jewish denomination require specific nursing care? Are there differences in providing specific nursing care for clients of the Jewish orthodox or conservative type? Are there differences in the care for clients of the Jewish denomination between the terminal stage hospital and the facility for clients of the Jewish denomination? Based on the aims we set the research questions. We fulfilled the aims, and the research questions were answered during the research. Based on the done research we set these hypotheses: Hypothesis 1. When providing nursing care, it is important to know the type of Judaism a client professes. Hypothesis 2: Jews prefer vegetarian meals in medical facilities. Hypothesis 3: Practising Jews refuse hospitalization in a hospital during important feasts unless their life is in danger. Hypothesis 4: There are differences in providig nursing care for Orthodox Jew clients comparing with care for clients of conservative type. Hypothesis 5: There are differences between the care for clients of Jewish denominations in the terminal stage hospital and in a facility for clients of Jewish denomination. The dissertation brings surprising and interesting research results, which were processed into the model of culture friendly-adjusted care of Joyce Newman Giger and Ruth Davidhizar, and a standard nursing care process for a client of Jewish denomination was developed.

The issue of cross-cultural nursing is currently a hot topic, because the tourism, migration, etc. grow due to the borders opening. The professionals working as paramedical staff are required to provide effective and high-quality nursing care to all people, without exception. But who considers the fact that the caring professionals can be a different culture, religion or nationality? The presented diploma thesis is devoted to nurses belonging to minority groups, and it is aimed to the problem of communication between the patient and the nurse belonging to a minority group. Specifically, this is about foreign-born nurses, nurses of different religions, same-sex orientation and nurses with physical disabilities. The theoretical basis on which the thesis relies, is primarily a conceptual model of nursing of the Rising Sun by Madeleine Leininger in interaction with the model of culturally considerate care by J. N. Giger and R. E. Davidhizar. In the theoretical part, the concepts relating to the cross-cultural nursing and issues relating to minority groups in the Czech Republic are defined. The preliminary descriptive empirical matter of the thesis was to find out what problems do nurses belonging to minority groups have in relation to the profession of nurses. Research sample is made up of 16 nurses belonging to minority groups, including nurses with different sexual orientation, physically disabled nurses, nurses with ethnic differences and the nurses of different religions. For the empirical part of the thesis, the qualitative approach was selected as a research design, since, according to Strauss and Corbin (1999), this option is appropriate in situations in which the researcher seeks to uncover the experience with a certain phenomenon. The introduction of the research investigation was a pilot study, which used the case study technique for data capture, specifically, the method of the life stories of nurses with cultural, religious, sexual or health differences. For the selection of the respondents there was the snowball method used, as we live in an area where there is difficult to reach these people. A pilot study was a base for the research investigation undertaken by using semi-structured interviews with patients, doctors and nurses in charge of the hospital. The results obtained in this survey were compared with the results of a pilot study. The main research objective of the pilot study was defined due to the research problem, to explore the issues of communication within the nursing care between the patient and the nurse belonging to a minority group. Following this target, the main research question was established: What problems do the nurses belonging to a minority group have to face in nursing practice? Then it is followed up with next research question: What difficulties do the nurses belonging to a minority group find in communication with a patient? The results of the pilot study are divided into 4 groups according to the above division, which means the nurses with different nationality, religion, with a different sexual orientation and handicapped nurses. In each group the areas of contact and interaction at the workplace were monitored, it means cooperation with colleagues, and the fact of the contact with patients from the perspective of the nurses and their personal subjective satisfaction of the communication held within the nursing profession. Subsequently, in the context of the pilot study, the occurrence of features typical only for certain groups of nurses was found out. From this point of view, for a group of nurses of foreign nationalities, the results included communication barriers associated with another native language than Czech. The research sample of disabled nurses expands the results for specific care procedures that may be a barrier due to their health-related handicaps. The nurses describe their physical difference and its circumstances.

The theme of this thesis is the role of nurse providing care for patients-foreigners. The thesis was divided into two parts. In the theoretical part it dealt with the issue of providing nursing care to patients-foreigners which sought to highlight the roles of sister, their problem situations and state of readiness to care for these patients. They were set three objectives of this work. The first objective was to determine the roles of nurse which are dominant in their care of the patients- foreigners The second objective was to map the problem situations of nurses in providing care to patients foreigners. The last objective was to map the state of readiness of nurses in patient care of patients-foreigners. In the empirical part were set out five hypotheses. The first hypothesis was that the most common role of nurses in patients-foreigners care is the role of nursing care provider. The second hypothesis claimed that the most problem role of nurse in patients-foreigners care was the role of educator. The third hypothesis was that the greatest obstacle in providing nursing care to patients- foreigners is the language barrier. The fourth hypothesis was that the most common problem in providing nursing care to patients- foreigners is a social isolation. The fifth hypothesis was based on the assumption that nurses are theoretically prepared to care for the patients-foreigners. Based on the evaluation of an anonymous questionnaire the first, third and fourth hypothesis is confirmed. On the contrary, the second and the fifth hypothesis were not confirmed. In the first part of the research investigation was used a quantitative data collection method in the form of an anonymous questionnaire for general nurses to hospital beds stations in Hospital in České Budějovice joint-stock company, Hospital Písek joint-stock company, Hospital Strakonice joint stock company and Hospital Tábor joint-stock company. The questionnaire contained 36 closed, semi-open and open questions. In the second part of the research were used descriptive statistical functions. To evaluate statistically significant relationships were used PivotTable (Crosstabs). In total, 300 questionnaires were distributed of which the final research survey used the 226. Survey results were summarized in graphs and tables. Discussions have been confronted with the literature with the expression of the author's own opinion. At the end of the work were given the confirmed and unconfirmed hypotheses and the overall summary of work with possible suggestions to improve the quality of patients-foreigners care.

The thesis deals with pregnancy and childbirth among Roma women in the context of transcultural care. In the theoretical part, three main topics relevant to the subject of the thesis are addressed: (i) transcultural care and its development both abroad and in the Czech Republic, (ii) the Roma way of life with a special focus on those aspects affecting the way of perceiving and experiencing the pregnancy and childbirth by Roma women, and (iii) recent trends in providing care to pregnant and labouring women. The empirical part includes a qualitative research into how Roma women perceive and experience pregnancy and childbirth, and what characteristics from the perspective of midwives make them different from the majority society women. Using qualitative research based on interviews with Roma women and midwives I gained valuable data upon which I have identified cultural differences which may affect Roma women's access to prenatal care, the manner of pregnancy planning, and the perception of pregnancy or parturition itself. Based on these findings, I have analysed the applicability of the transcultural care model to Roma women. The main objective is to help midwives to better understand different situations they may encounter during the caregiving Roma women. Key words: culture, transcultural care,...

The increasing migration of population in the 21 century causes development of multicultural societies. With the increasing number of foreigners in individual countries it is possible to also presume an increasing number of patients/clients from different cultures in medical facilities. These facts require modern attitude to nursing, developing of transcultural nursing, implementing multi- and transcultural education in the health care education and propagation of multicultural conception of nursing between the nursing personnel. The result of these necessary changes should be the ability to provide effective nursing care which is culturally adjusted to the patient/client that would also take their specifics, customs and traditions of their culture into account and that would saturate all their biological, psychological, social and spiritual needs according to their race, nationality or belief. This thesis deals with multicultural nursing and confronts cultural competence of the nursing staff in Czech Republic with that in German-speaking countries. This thesis aim is to state the level of multicultural competence of the nursing staff and explore conditions provided to the nursing personnel of the hospital for giving culturally adapted care to patients-foreigners. The results of the research give an overview of the state of culturally competent care in comparable medical facilities in Czech Republic, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. They will also give a feedback to the questioned hospitals. Such information may alert their management to possible lack of knowledge of their nursing personnel and help them direct its further education. The theoretical part of the theses defines the basic concepts regarding culture, ethnic groups, race or nation, formulates the difference between the terms "multicultural" and "transcultural" nursing, multicultural education and culturally competent care, compile the most common sections of specific cultural needs of the individuals. In short it also processes J. Campinha-Bacote's model of cultural competence in health care delivery, the Papadopoulos, Tilki and Taylor Model for developing cultural competence and the Purnell Model for cultural competence. It also shortly deals with nursing frameworks for acquiring cultural data, such as the Sunrise model from M. Leininger, the Giger and Davidhizar Transcultural assessment model and Bloch's ethnic/cultural assessment guide. The empirical part processes and evaluates data obtained during the quantitative research. The accumulation of the data was conducted through anonymous questionnaires that were distributed between the nursing personnel of internal and surgical wards of the hospitals in Czech Republic and in German-speaking countries. In Czech Republic these were hospitals in Prague and in Tábor, in Germany a hospital in Dortmund and one in Cottbus, in Austria the hospitals in Salzburg and in Weiz and in Switzerland a hospital in Aarau and one in St. Gallen. The collection of the data was conducted either on-line or by way of printed questionnaire forms. The acquired data were valorized and sorted into diagrams and tables for further clarity. From the respondent´s answers follows that the queried medical facilities in Czech Republic do not provide sufficient conditions for their workers to give culturally competent nursing care on such a level, as it is at the facilities questioned in the German-speaking areas. The results also show that language skills of the nursing personnel in these hospitals in Czech Republic are worse than those in the German-speaking countries. With the level of multicultural competence the situation is similar; in this field Czech nursing personnel does not match their foreign counterpart. It is necessary to remark that this research sample of two hospitals from each of the countries is insufficient for the results to be applied on the whole Czech Republic or German speaking countries.

Author: Bc. Adéla HOLUBOVÁ Head diploma thesis: doc. PhDr. Valérie Tóthová, Ph.D.,R.N. Name diploma thesis: How minoritas perceive life periods of old age and death Style thesis: Diploma thesis Place and year publication: České Budějovice, 2007 Rate pages: 132 Key data words: Culture, multiculture, nurse, nurse, death, old age, Vietnam, vietnam patient

Medical staff and therefore also nurses may currently more and more often meet patients from foreign countries. It is beyond question that these clients have their own specific biological, psychological and social needs which the nurses should respect. Theoretical part of this assignment describes the issue of trans-cultural nursing, defines it and explains its importance and historical development. It also deals with some of the multi-cultural care models, i.e. the models by Leininger, Giger-Davidhizar, Campinhy-Bacote and Bloch's Ethnic Nursing Care. In general it also mentions conceptual nursing models, their definitions, origin and importance. The following goals were set for this dissertation: Goal 1: Map the issues related to the Leininger's and Giger-Davidhizar's models and their practical use in selected hospitals in the Czech Republic. Goal 2: Find out if nurses use aspects of multi-cultural nursing within their nursing care for foreign patients. Goal 3: Find out how the nurses benefit from using the trans-cultural nursing models for foreign patients within their nursing process. Goal 4: Formulate nursing documents suitable for application of nursing care for foreign patients. Based on the above goals, several research questions were defined: 1. What nursing models are used in selected hospitals in the Czech Republic? 2. How do nursing documents in selected hospitals in the Czech Republic respect nursing process specifics when foreign patients are concerned? 3. Are nurses aware (and in what scope) of the principles of the Leininger's and Giger-Davidhizar's models? 4. How do nurses use trans-cultural nursing models when caring for foreign patients? 5. How do nurses, in their opinion, satisfy foreign patients' biological, psychological and social needs with respect to their cultural differences? 6. How do nurses educate themselves in multi-cultural care? In practical part of the work, nursing documents or anamneses from selected hospitals in the Czech Republic were collected and their content was analysed with focus on multi-cultural aspects identification. Gathered results were then plot in charts. In the next phase of the investigation, semi-structured interviews were held with ten nurses working in standard wards of selected health-care facilities which provided nursing anamneses. Each of the nurses worked in different hospital. The outcome of my dissertation is a draft of nursing anamnesis based on the Leininger's model which is suitable for data collection from patients coming from different cultural backgrounds.

The dissertation aims at the issue of transcultural care in the practice of midwives with a specific focus on Mongolian women, who currently represent the fifth largest group in terms of the number of births of foreigners in the Czech Republic. The theoretical framework of the text consists of chapters on nursing with subsequent differentiation of the field with regard to specialized care in the field of gynecology-obstetrics, as well as the divided subdiscipline of transcultural nursing care. An integral part of the theoretical part of the work are the basic general information about Mongolia and the Mongols. The practical part of the work is represented by my own qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research was carried out in the field through in-depth interviews with Mongolian women living in the Czech Republic and having experience with their own childbirth in a Czech maternity hospital. The aim of the research was to uncover possible peculiarities and requirements that a midwife may encounter from Mongolian women in the provision of transcultural care related to pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period. Additional quantitative research was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey among Prague midwives and was focused on finding out the awareness, previous experience...

This diploma thesis analyzes if there is communication barrier with foreign patients at the selected intensive care units. We dealt with question whether hospital employees perceive communication with foreigners as a problem or not and how can they solve the problem. The first (theoretical) part is devoted to the role of communication in nursing process and to the definition of term communication barrier. In next chapters we have analyzed the profile of multicultural nursing. Then we focus on the issues of cross-cultural communication and communication barriers in contact with foreigners and the most common causes and techniques used to deal with such situations. We pay great attention to prevention and potential solutions to barriers between cultures and ethnic groups. The motivation for the thesis was supposed effecto of communication gaps on health and higher psychological burden on staff, especially when one of the basic activities of nurses is to educate patients. Research interprets the information obtained from a self-designed questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were distributed to intensive care and resuscitation units in four hospitals in Prague. Statistical evaluation of the questionnaires either confirms or refuses the hypothesis that I set at the beginning of the research. According to...