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Orientador: Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T12:37:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbosa_TaisdeSouza_M.pdf: 1685317 bytes, checksum: 7aaeb0f9822b99fbb6aec351a46ce7e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Atualmente, o interesse pela qualidade de vida e saúde bucal em crianças vem aumentando, já que as desordens orais provavelmente apresentam efeito negativo na qualidade de vida das mesmas. Um tema que vem recebendo grande destaque é a comparação entre os relatos de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal originários das crianças e dos pais. Assim, três revisões sistemáticas foram desenvolvidas neste trabalho com o objetivo de revisar a literatura em informações válidas e consistentes provenientes das crianças e pais considerando a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em crianças, e identificar o padrão de concordância/discordância entre ambos. O levantamento bibliográfico, de 1985 a 2007, foi feito nas bases de dados Medline, ISI, Lilacs e Scielo. Dois pesquisadores realizaram a busca individualmente e selecionaram os artigos que utilizaram instrumentos validados, com medidas quantitativas de saúde bucal da criança e direcionados às percepções das crianças e dos pais sobre qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em crianças. Na primeira revisão foram encontrados 89 artigos e selecionados treze, os quais demonstraram validade construtiva adequada. Entretanto, o autoentendimento da criança em relação à saúde bucal e ao bem-estar foi afetado pelas variáveis: idade, gênero, raça, educação, cultura, experiências relacionadas às condições bucais e à idade, oportunidade de tratamento, estágio de desenvolvimento, adaptação cultural dos questionários e auto-percepção da necessidade de tratamento. Doze artigos de 402 inicialmente identificados foram incluídos na segunda revisão. Os resultados demonstraram que as relações entre qualidade de vida e saúde bucal em crianças não são diretas, mas mediadas por variáveis pessoais, sociais e ambientais, assim como pelo desenvolvimento da criança, o qual influencia a compreensão da relação entre saúde, doença e qualidade de vida. Na terceira revisão, dos 87 artigos que foram criticamente avaliados, cinco estudos foram selecionados, os quais demonstraram que as crianças e os pais não apresentam necessariamente as mesmas percepções sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal. Embora o relato dos pais seja incompleto, devido ao desconhecimento sobre algumas experiências da criança, informações úteis podem ser obtidas. Estas revisões sistemáticas foram relevantes não somente para identificar, revisar e avaliar os estudos prévios sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em crianças, mas principalmente para o início de uma série de pesquisas nas populações de crianças e pais brasileiros neste contexto. Sendo assim, dois estudos transversais foram realizados. No primeiro estudo realizou-se a tradução dos questionários Child Perceptions Questionnaires (CPQ8-10 e CPQ11-14) para língua portuguesa, as respectivas adaptações culturais (n=80) e a verificação da validade (n=210) e confiabilidade (n=40). Os resultados demonstraram que ambos os questionários são válidos e confiáveis para uso na população de crianças brasileiras, embora a validade discriminativa tenha sido esporádica, inconsistente ou inexistente. O segundo estudo consistiu da tradução do questionário Parental Perceptions Questionnaire (PPQ) para a língua portuguesa e as adaptações culturais necessárias (n=20), além da avaliação da respectiva validade (n=210), confiabilidade (n=20) e concordância entre os relatos da criança e dos pais (210 pares de crianças e pais) sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal das crianças. Os resultados demonstraram que a versão brasileira do PPQ apresentou propriedades psicométricas adequadas. Alguns pais apresentaram conhecimento limitado sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal das crianças. Considerando que as percepções dos pais e das crianças mensuram percepções diferentes da mesma realidade, informações provenientes desses podem ser complementos na avaliação da criança / Abstract: More recently, there has been increasing interest in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children, since pediatric oral disorders are likely to have a negative effect on the child quality of life (QoL). One issue that receives a great deal of attention is the comparison of the measurement of children OHRQoL reports with those of their parents. In this way, three systematic reviews were carried out to review the literature on valid and reliable informations from children and parents concerning child OHRQoL, and to identify the pattern of agreement/disagreement between their reports. The literature was searched using Medline, ISI, Lilacs and Scielo, from 1985-2007. Two researchers independently checked and then selected only articles that used well-validated instruments, provided quantitative measurements of child clinical oral health status, and presented children and parental perceptions of child OHRQoL. In the first systematic review, from 89 records found, thirteen fulfilled the criteria. All selected studies suggested good construct validity. However, child understanding of oral health and well-being are affected by age, age-related experiences, gender, race, education, culture, experiences related to oral conditions, opportunities for treatment, childhood period of changes, back-translating questionnaire and child self-perceived treatment need. Twelve of 402 articles originally identified were included in the second systematic review. The results showed that the relationships between clinical oral health status and QoL in children were not direct, but mediated by a variety of personal, social and environmental variables, as well as by the child development, which have influence on the comprehension about the relationship among health, illness and QoL. In the third one, out of 87 articles that were critically assessed, five studies were selected, which showed that children and parents do not necessarily share similar views about child OHRQoL. Although the parental reports may be incomplete due to lack of knowledge about certain experiences, they still provide useful information. These systematic reviews were important not only to identify, to review and to assess the literature findings on child OHRQoL, but principally to start a series of researches on Brazilian child and parent populations concerning child OHRQoL. In this way, two cross-sectional studies were conducted. The first one translated the Child Perceptions Questionnaires (CPQ8-10 and CPQ11-14) into Portuguese language, made the necessary cultural adaptations (n=80) and evaluated their validity (n=210) and reliability (n=40). The results showed that both questionnaires were valid and reliable for use in Brazilian child population, although discriminant validity had been sporadic, inconsistent or non-existent. The second study translated the Parental Perceptions Questionnaire (PPQ) into Portuguese, made the necessary cultural adaptations (n=20), tested its validity (n=210) and reliability (n=20) and evaluated the concordance between parent and child reports (210 pairs of parents and children) concerning child OHRQoL. The results showed that the Portuguese version of PPQ had good psychometric properties. Some parents have limited knowledge about child¿ OHRQoL. Given that parental and child reports are measuring different perceptions of the same reality, information provided by parents can complement the child¿ evaluation / Mestrado / Odontopediatria / Mestre em Odontologia

M.A. (Applied Linguistics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The purpose of this study is to present in a concise form information concerning the extent and quality of Slovenian translations of Pushkin's poetry and prose. The author has investigated as fully as possible the renderings of all the known Slovenian translators of Pushkin, who were active during the second half of the nineteenth century. Particular attention has been focused on the authorship of the published translations, collection of full bibliographical data and evaluation of the quality of the Slovenian renderings. A brief survey of the contents of the chapters will show broadly how the author has approached this task. Chapter I provides a short descriptive history of translation, explores in general terms the traditional and customary approach to translation and reviews the commonly accepted criteria and agreed upon principles governing translation. Furthermore, a brief comparative evaluation of existing resemblances and diversities of the Russian and Slovenian languages has been included. Chapter II provides a historical review of the Slovene-Russian cultural contacts, which date back to the sixteenth century, and then discusses the socio-cultural development of the Slovenian nation in the nineteenth century, taking especially into account the influence of the Slavophiles and Russophiles on the development of the Slovenian literature. Chapter III is devoted to the examination of the existing Slovenian renderings of Pushkin's poetry and prose; it provides short sketches of their authors, analyses the available bibliographical data, compares some of the renderings with the original texts, examines their language and attempts to assess their poetic failings or merits. Finally, added is a list of articles about Pushkin and translations which appeared in the Slovenian periodical publications. / Arts, Faculty of / Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of / Graduate

Thesis (M. A. ( Translation Studies)) --University of Limpopo, 2014 / This topic outlined the importance of translation of Xitsonga novel which is translated in Xitsonga by G.S. Mayevu. This showed how translation is so important in Xitsonga language. Mayevu and other translators had tried their level best to better the Xitsonga language through translation. This research pointed out in details problems which translators come across and how these problems can be overcomed. In this research, we also realised how scarce students who are doing translation are. The researcher also recommend that translation be taken into consideration in the world at large because people can together, discuss and agree on issues through translation.

Thesis (M. A.(Translation Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014. / This topic outlined the importance of translation of Xitsonga novel which is translated in Xitsonga by G.S. Mayevu. This showed how translation is so important in Xitsonga language. Mayevu and other translators had tried their level best to better the Xitsonga language through translation. This research pointed out in details problems which translators come across and how these problems can be overcomed. In this research, we also realised how scarce students who are doing translation are. The researcher also recommend that translation be taken into consideration in the world at large because people can together, discuss and agree on issues through translation.

Abstract Not Provided / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this dissertation two relatively under-researched areas within the scope of translation studies are investigated: the production process of translations and the sociological and cognitive aspects involved in this production process (as opposed to only studying the translation product). Process and sociological studies are currently on the forefront of research in translation studies and this dissertation attempts to contribute to these fields. The current study investigates the role of the various agents (among others the publisher, reviser and editor) involved in the production process of translations to illustrate how this process involves more agents than only the translator. Translation is proven to be a process involving a network of agents who work together to produce the final product, i.e. the target text. In this dissertation this interaction between agents is examined by making use of Latour's Actor-Network-Theory (ANT), a sociological theory that focuses on the network and links between agents within a production process. The production processes of literary translations that are analysed in this dissertation are Niggie – To hell with Cronjé (Ingrid Winterbach), Vaselinetjie – My name is Vaselinetjie (Anoeschka von Meck) and a selection of the "Stoffel tales" – In bushveld and dessert: A game ranger's life (Christiaan Bakkes). These texts were all translated by the literary translator Elsa Silke and published by NB Publishers in 2007, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The versions of the texts analysed are the source text, the concept translation, any other preliminary versions (manuscripts) and the completed published target text. These texts are analysed along with all available correspondence between agents to reconstruct the production processes in order to determine how translations are produced by means of interaction between different agents. This study is therefore greatly exploratory by nature and aimed at revealing the "invisible" of the production process of literary translations in order to contribute to and promote research within this under-researched field of translation studies. The main focus of this study is to analyse how each agent's inputs have a sociological impact on other agents and the production processes, as well as how their interaction and decisions impact the target text. The results are predominantly presented descriptively (within the framework of Descriptive Translation Studies [DTS]) and concepts of Nord's Functionalism, Even-Zohar's Polysystem Theory, Bourdieu's theory on the field of cultural production, Sharpe and Gunther's editing principles and Mossop's theory on editing and revision of translated texts are used to analyse and discuss the production processes of the three literary translations mentioned above. In conclusion a model is presented, based on these analyses, depicting a possible optimal production process for literary translations. A possible chronology of steps in the production process and means of interaction between agents are depicted by this model. With this proposed model this dissertation contributes to theory development within the field of translation studies and editing and revision theory. This model can be applied to production processes of literary translations to test if it is viable to apply in practice to ensure a more effective production process as well as a successful product (target text). If this model proves to be effective, it can eventually serve as a guideline for literary translation practice. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie proefskrif word twee studieterreine ondersoek wat in die verlede min binne die vertaalwetenskap nagevors is: die bestudering van die produksieproses van vertalings en die bestudering van die sosiologiese en kognitiewe aspekte betrokke by hierdie produksieproses (teenoor slegs die vertaalproduk). Die ondersoek van hierdie terreine is op die oomblik op die voorgrond in die vertaalwetenskap en hierdie proefskrif dra daartoe by om hierdie studieveld te verbreed. In hierdie proefskrif word daar gekyk na die rol van die verskillende agente, onder andere die uitgewers, redigeerders en reviseurs in die produksieproses van drie literêre vertalings om te illustreer dat die produksieproses van literêre vertalings nie slegs die insette van een agent, naamlik die vertaler, behels nie, maar dat dit 'n proses is wat uit 'n netwerk van agente bestaan wat saamwerk om die eindproduk (naamlik die doelteks) te produseer. Hierdie netwerk van verhoudings tussen agente in die produksieproses word ondersoek na aanleiding van Latour se sosiologiese Actor-Network-Theory (ANT) wat op die netwerk en skakels tussen agente binne 'n produksieproses fokus. Die produksieprosesse van literêre vertalings wat in hierdie proefskrif ontleed word, is Niggie – To hell with Cronjé (Ingrid Winterbach), Vaselinetjie – My name is Vaselinetjie (Anoeschka von Meck) en 'n keur uit die Stoffel-verhale – In bushveld and desert: A game ranger's life (Afgekort as In bushveld and desert) (Christiaan Bakkes) – almal tekste wat onderskeidelik in 2007, 2009 en 2008 by NB-Uitgewers verskyn het en deur die literêre vertaler Elsa Silke vertaal is. Die bronteks, die konsepvertaling, enige ander voorlopige weergawes (manuskripte) en die uiteindelike gepubliseerde doelteks word telkens saam met die beskikbare korrespondensie tussen die onderskeie agente bestudeer om die produksieprosesse te rekonstrueer en te bepaal hoe die vertaalprodukte deur middel van wisselwerking tussen onderskeie agente tot stand gekom het. Hierdie studie is dus grootliks verkennend van aard en het dit ten doel gestel om die "onsigbare" van die produksieproses van literêre vertalings bloot te lê ten einde verdere navorsing in hierdie onderontwikkelde been van die vertaalwetenskap te bevorder. Daar word hoofsaaklik gekyk na die wyse waarop elke agent se insette 'n sosiologiese impak op die ander agente sowel as die produksieprosesse en/of 'n tekstuele impak op die doelteks gehad het. Die resultate word hoofsaaklik deskriptief (vergelyk deskriptiewe vertaalstudies, DTS) aangebied en bespreek en daar word van konsepte uit Nord se funksionalisme, Even-Zohar se polisisteemteorie, Bourdieu se veldteorie, Sharpe en Gunther se redigeerbeginsels en Mossop se teorie oor redigering en revisie van vertalings gebruik gemaak om die analises uiteen te sit en te bespreek. Na aanleiding van dié analises word 'n model in die laaste hoofstuk aangebied wat 'n moontlike optimale produksieproses vir literêre vertalings voorstel. Die aanbevole chronologie van stappe in die produksieproses en die wisselwerking tussen agente word deur hierdie model voorgestel. Met die daarstelling van dié model dra die proefskrif dus tot teorieontwikkeling in die vertaalwetenskap en op die gebied van redigeer- en revisieteorie by. Hierdie model kan op die produksieprosesse van literêre vertalings toegepas word om te toets of dit wel in die praktyk werk om 'n effektiewe produksieproses te bewerkstellig en 'n geslaagde vertaalproduk te produseer. Indien wel, kan dit uiteindelik as 'n riglyn vir die literêre vertaalpraktyk dien.