Food quality attributes arising from farming methods are important to many Canadians. The credence nature of these quality attributes necessitates some form of quality assurance for accurate signalling to consumers. This thesis examines the appropriate role for private, third party, and government actors in credible quality assurance systems for production-derived attributes. Concurrently, it explores the nature of trust that Canadians put in various organizations for quality assurance. In a nationwide survey, Canadian consumers obtained significant benefits from government verification of pesticide free and environmentally sustainable grains contained in pre-packaged sliced bread. The data was collected using a discrete choice experiment. Farmers, third party, and government organizations were similarly trusted for accurate information about farming methods. The dimensions of this trust varied across organizations. Government standards relating to environmental sustainability were perceived as most effective. Results obtained using a latent class multinomial logit model showed that respondents who most valued production-derived food quality also received the greatest benefit from government verification and significant negative utility from supermarket or third party verification. In relative terms, the difference in utility between third party and government verification represents 141% of the value of the environmentally sustainable attribute and 87% of the pesticide free attribute. The results suggest that significant consumer benefit can be achieved if government were to take a leading role in quality assurance for production-derived quality.

Research indicates trust in schools significantly relates to student achievement and trust in school leaders significantly relates to trust in schools. This study expands on the existing research by identifying behaviours principals display and teachers identify that correspond to antecedent conditions of trust, as identified in the research literature. Principalunderstandings are compared to teacher articulated thoughts in order to identify if shared understandings and interpretations of events are a component of trust in schools. Seventeen survey questions about trust were asked in 138 schools. Three high trust and three low trust schools were identified via deviation from the grand mean. Interview data related to a broad spectrum of school structures and daily events was gathered at the six identified schools from a randomly selected group of teachers and each school’s principal. The interview data was coded using antecedent conditions of trust as the organizational units for analysis. Supporting previous research, this thesis finds teacher data identified the antecedent conditions that are described most frequently by teachers as being Competence, Consistency and Reliability,Openness and Respect. Principal data identified the antecedent conditions of trust as being similar, not identical. There are relevant differences described in elements within the antecedents between teachers and school leaders. Overall, the results confirm the findings of Bryk and Schneider and Tschannen-Moran, while adding detail to the understanding of what matters in trust when in-school educators reflect on issues of organizational life.

Research indicates trust in schools significantly relates to student achievement and trust in school leaders significantly relates to trust in schools. This study expands on the existing research by identifying behaviours principals display and teachers identify that correspond to antecedent conditions of trust, as identified in the research literature. Principalunderstandings are compared to teacher articulated thoughts in order to identify if shared understandings and interpretations of events are a component of trust in schools. Seventeen survey questions about trust were asked in 138 schools. Three high trust and three low trust schools were identified via deviation from the grand mean. Interview data related to a broad spectrum of school structures and daily events was gathered at the six identified schools from a randomly selected group of teachers and each school’s principal. The interview data was coded using antecedent conditions of trust as the organizational units for analysis. Supporting previous research, this thesis finds teacher data identified the antecedent conditions that are described most frequently by teachers as being Competence, Consistency and Reliability,Openness and Respect. Principal data identified the antecedent conditions of trust as being similar, not identical. There are relevant differences described in elements within the antecedents between teachers and school leaders. Overall, the results confirm the findings of Bryk and Schneider and Tschannen-Moran, while adding detail to the understanding of what matters in trust when in-school educators reflect on issues of organizational life.

Purpose:The purpose of this master dissertation is to examine current research on trust and its building process in business to business relationship from marketing and behavioral sciences perspectives. Research Questions: (1) What relationships do inter-organizational trust and inter-personal trust have? (2) How trust is built from perspectives of business and behavioral sciences? (3) What benefits and limitations do trust researches in behavioral sciences have, comparing to trust research in marketing? Research Design/Methodology: Qualitative research conducted a literature review between business administration and behavioral sciences, and interdisciplinary interviews with nine scholars and four business managers. Meanwhile, criteria are generated to ensure research quality. Findings: The finding of this research claims that interpersonal and interorganizational trusts are linked with organizational learning theory. Trust-building process is a social cognition sequence, which developed based on theory of social cognition and social interaction. A conceptual framework of trust-building process on the basis of social cognition was developed. Managerial Implications: This research suggests that mangers need to improve companies’ learning and cognition capability in order to identify new business opportunities, reduce the risk on mistakenly trust ineptitude partners, and increase companies’ competitive advantages.

Food quality attributes arising from farming methods are important to many Canadians. The credence nature of these quality attributes necessitates some form of quality assurance for accurate signalling to consumers. This thesis examines the appropriate role for private, third party, and government actors in credible quality assurance systems for production-derived attributes. Concurrently, it explores the nature of trust that Canadians put in various organizations for quality assurance. In a nationwide survey, Canadian consumers obtained significant benefits from government verification of pesticide free and environmentally sustainable grains contained in pre-packaged sliced bread. The data was collected using a discrete choice experiment. Farmers, third party, and government organizations were similarly trusted for accurate information about farming methods. The dimensions of this trust varied across organizations. Government standards relating to environmental sustainability were perceived as most effective. Results obtained using a latent class multinomial logit model showed that respondents who most valued production-derived food quality also received the greatest benefit from government verification and significant negative utility from supermarket or third party verification. In relative terms, the difference in utility between third party and government verification represents 141% of the value of the environmentally sustainable attribute and 87% of the pesticide free attribute. The results suggest that significant consumer benefit can be achieved if government were to take a leading role in quality assurance for production-derived quality.

Whether the virtue of humility has a great influence on today¡¦s leadership? For the issues, one study had found that leaders are able to transform their enterprises either from mediocre or those full of crisis to great companies. Collins et al. believed what made the differences depend on the leaders¡¦ personal humility and professional will. The result was out of everyone¡¦s expectation, including Collins et al., because it was generally believed that an outstanding leadership won't be relevant with humility. Published in AMJ, the study of Owens & Hekman (2012) uncovered that leader humility involved leaders modeling to followers how to grow and produced positive organizational outcomes by leading followers to believe that their own developmental journeys and feelings of uncertainty were legitimate in the workplace. Although a growing number of leadership writers argue that leader humility is important to organizational effectiveness, little is known about the construct, what it produces, and what influences its effectiveness, what these behaviors lead to, or what factors moderate the effectiveness of these behaviors. Above all, the key point is exactly what the ¡§conceptualization of the humility¡¨ is. The lack of clarity about leader humility is due to the fact that the existing evidence (qualitative or quantitative) supporting writers¡¦ ideas regarding leader humility. In addition, the humility has further implications. This study integrates the viewpoint of Chinese and Western on humility, and then probes into the real implications of humility, and established the definitions, constructs and scale of humility; further explorations of the important issues on the level, timing, and principle of the humility are rarely suggested in literatures. The results suggest that reliability and validity of this scale are adequate. Analysis of survey data is from 33 dyads samples of the supervisor-subordinates and 187 subordinates of various companies in Taiwan¡¦s organizations. The study found that: (1) authority and trust have a positive influence on compliance; the influence of authority is stronger than that of trust; (2) humility significantly moderates the relation between ability and compliance, such that the relation is more strongly positive at high levels of humility than that at low levels of humility, while the compliance of low humility is higher than high humility at low levels of ability; (3) humility has marginally significant moderating relation between integrity and compliance, such that the relation is more strongly positive at high levels of humility than that at low levels of humility; However, (4) humility does not significantly moderate the relation between authority and compliance; (5) humility does not significantly moderate the relationship between benevolence and compliance, either; (6) the interaction of humility, authority and integrity is significant on compliance; (7) the interaction of humility, authority and benevolence is also significant on compliance. Humility and integrity can lead to get compliance and then get better to each other. Finally, it is hoped that this study¡¦s conclusions, suggestions and findings would serve as a future reference for humility in leadership research.

In today¡¦s globalized economic environment, new production information and rapid technology change, has made the human capital become the main product factor instead of natural resources. Meanwhile, customer¡¦s increased access to information has empowered them to demand better quality and services. These changes have put huge pressures on real business world; companies try all the ways to improve the quality of the products and offering better services in order to create or maintain the competitive advantages. This change has placed a premium on innovation and creativity and makes it a hot topic and agenda. Creativity is the foundation of innovation, among the variables that influence creativity on subordinates in organizational settings, leader support behavior has been examined by many researchers as being one of the most important¡F however, most of the researchers only focus on the concept of ¡§support¡¨ but not specific leader ¡§behavior¡¨. One of the aims of the present study is to find out how perceptions of leader support arise. The significance of trust in organizations has been examined by many researchers. With trustworthy supervisors, subordinates can feel free to try something new and do not need to be afraid of the negative outcomes. The second aim of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of trust on subordinates¡¦ creativity under the leader support behavior. 320 samples are collected. Based on the findings of the present study, we argue that leadership of creative subordinates required leader support behavior and trust in management, thus, the creativity in organizations could be enhanced.

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By using multiple regression analyses from 365 managers distributed four kind of industries in Taiwan, the study tested total of 9 hypotheses that respectively partially proposed to explore relationships of perception of organizational politics related to knowledge sharing. Four theoretical perspectives embedded in the literature review to strengthen the theme¡Xorganizational politics. The four main findings of the study included: (1) Perceptions of organizational politics simultaneously negatively effected to trust, organizational restructuring satisfaction and knowledge sharing. (2) Trust not only did positively effect to organizational restructuring satisfaction and knowledge sharing, it also fully mediated effect between perception of organizational politics and knowledge sharing. (3) Organizational restructuring satisfaction positively effected to knowledge sharing; besides, it not only did partially mediate effect between perceptions of organizational politics and knowledge sharing, but also did fully mediate effect between perceptions of organizational politics and trust. (4) Concreted confirmatory model examined Goodness Fit perfectly. Implications of the results to those of organization, manager and future research were discussed.