State-of-the-art temporal action detectors inefficiently search the entire video for specific actions. Despite the encouraging progress these methods achieve, it is crucial to design automated approaches that only explore parts of the video which are the most relevant to the actions being searched. To address this need, we propose the new problem of action spotting in videos, which we define as finding a specific action in a video while observing a small portion of that video. Inspired by the observation that humans are extremely efficient and accurate in spotting and finding action instances in a video, we propose Action Search, a novel Recurrent Neural Network approach that mimics the way humans spot actions. Moreover, to address the absence of data recording the behavior of human annotators, we put forward the Human Searches dataset, which compiles the search sequences employed by human annotators spotting actions in the AVA and THUMOS14 datasets. We consider temporal action localization as an application of the action spotting problem. Experiments on the THUMOS14 dataset reveal that our model is not only able to explore the video efficiently (observing on average 17.3% of the video) but it also accurately finds human activities with 30.8% mAP (0.5 tIoU), outperforming state-of-the-art methods

The doctoral thesis Looking for the Sense of Being as a Way of Daseinsanalytic Psychotherapy with the subtitle Potential Contribution of Daseinsanalysis for Pedagogical Practice deals with possibilities of the daseinsanalytical preventive and treatment consultancy application in the environment of primary schools. The consultation programmes are based on Martin Heidegger's philosophy, phenomenology, hermeneutical explanation method and daseinsanalytical psychotherapy. The goal of the doctoral thesis is to introduce, in the field of philosophy of education, this new project focused on bullying and also to raise a question about the inspirational possibilities of the development of the current system of Teacher's university education. KEYWORDS Philosophy of education, daseinsanalysis, bulliyng, prevention, consulting, education in teaching

The artist discusses the work in Silly Trip Wires, 2020 his Master of Fine Arts exhibition. The exhibition includes an installation, Silly Trips Wires, and documentation of a smaller site-specific version of the work. The Artist discusses the process of transition from military to civilian, and the potential effects that mental trauma from combat deployments can have on this process. This is tied to an analysis of how communicating the experience of veterans to civilians, through artwork, functions to bring about understanding.

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), patients and providers do not understand the Health Information Privacy and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Non-compliance with HIPAA is primarily due to confusion, along with insufficient understanding. HSS has taken measures to simplify the language they use to communicate HIPAA, however, they have not taken steps that consider if one's culture, religious and social perspectives, institutional training, credentials, and comprehension of legal terminology affects medical providers and non-clinical administrative personnel's abilities to understand HIPAA. This research uses bibliometrics to examine the literature from January 2010 – September 2020 that addresses HIPAA's use of legal terminology, literacy level, and institutional training, along with religious and social perspectives, and credentials of medical providers and non-clinical administrative personnel. A total of 107 articles were examined, 42 were assigned article influence scores with values that were less than 1.00, which is a below-average influence score for the article. There were 29 articles with values equal to or above 1.00, which translates to an equal or above-average influence score. The remaining 36 articles did not have article influence scores and were assigned values as not available. Results of the review of the literature indicate that legal terminology, literacy level, training, credentialing and religious and social perspective had no or little effect in understanding HIPAA.

Just like adults, children of all ages need time and understanding in order to process the concept of death and dying. This process is much different for children than it is for adults. There are 4 components relative to children's understanding of death: (a) the irreversibility factor, (b) finality, (c) inevitability, and (d) causality. These 4 components relate directly to the developmental level of the child at the time the death occurs. Knowing how children's concept of death is constructed provides parents and caregivers important information and helps them respond more sensitively to what children might feel and experience. This article provides an overview of how children under-stand death, concrete strategies for talking to children about death, and suggestions for teachers about how to help children through grief and mourning.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第21438号 / 情博第689号 / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 吉川 正俊, 教授 神田 崇行, 教授 森 信介 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

This research study investigated how professional mathematicians understand and operate with highly-abstract, advanced mathematical concepts in their own work. In particular, this study examined how professional mathematicians operated with mathematical concepts at different levels of understanding. Moreover, this study aimed to capture what factors influence professional mathematicians' level of understanding for particular mathematical concepts. To frame these research goals, three theoretical levels of understanding were proposed, process-level, pseudo-object-level, object-level, leveraging two ways that Piaget (1964) described what it meant to know or understand a mathematical concept. Specifically, he described understanding an object as being able to "act on it," and also as being able to "understand the process of this transformation" (p. 176). Process-level understanding corresponds to only understanding the underlying processes of the concept. Pseudo-object-level understanding corresponds to only being able to act on the concept as a form of object. Object-level understanding corresponds to when an individual has both of these types of understanding. This study is most especially concerned with how professional mathematicians operate with a pseudo-object-level understanding, which is called pseudo-objectification. For this study, six professional mathematicians with research specializing in a subfield of algebra were each interviewed three times. During the first interview, the participants were given two mathematical tasks, utilizing concepts in category theory which were unfamiliar to the participants, to investigate how they operate with mathematical concepts. The second interview utilized specific journal publications from each participant to generate discussion about influences on their level of understanding for the concepts in that journal article. The third interview utilized stimulated recall to triangulate and support the findings from the first two interviews. The findings and analysis revealed that professional mathematicians do engage in pseudo-objectification with mathematical concepts. This demonstrates that pseudo-objectification can be productively leveraged by professional mathematicians. Moreover, depending on their level of understanding for a given concept, they may operate differently with the concept. For example, when participants utilized pseudo-objects, they tended to rely on figurative material, such as commutative diagrams, to operate on the concepts. Regarding influences on understanding, various factors were shown to influence professional mathematicians' level of understanding for the concepts they use in their own work. These included factors pertaining to the mathematical concept itself, as well as other sociocultural or personal factors. / Doctor of Philosophy / In this research study, I investigated how professional mathematicians utilize advanced mathematical concepts in their own work. Specifically, I examined how professional mathematicians utilize mathematical concepts that they do not fully understand. I also examined what factors might influence a professional mathematician to fully understand or choose not to fully understand a mathematical concept they are using. To address these goals, six research-active mathematicians were each interviewed three times. In these interviews, the mathematicians engaged with mathematical concepts that were unfamiliar to them, as well as concepts from one of their own personal research journal publications. The findings demonstrated that professional mathematicians sometimes utilize mathematical concepts in different ways depending on how well they understand the concepts. Moreover, even if mathematicians do not have a full understanding of the concepts they are using, they can still sometimes productively leverage this amount of understanding to successfully reach their goals. I also demonstrate that various factors can and do influence how well a professional mathematician understands a given mathematical concept. Such influences could include the purpose of use for the concept, or what a mathematician's research community values.

The automatic analysis of emotions is a well-established area in the natural language processing ( NLP ) research field. It has shown valuable and relevant applications in a wide array of domains such as health and well-being, empathetic conversational agents, author profiling, consumer analysis, and security. Most emotion analysis research till now has focused on sources such as news documents and product reviews. In these cases, the NLP task is the classification into predefined closed-set emotion categories (e.g. happy, sad), or alternatively labels (positive, negative). A deep and fine-grained emotion analysis would require explanations of the trigger events that may have led to a user state. This type of analysis is still in its infancy. In this work, we introduce the concept of Emotion Carriers (EC) as the speech or text segments that may include persons, objects, events, or actions that manifest and explain the emotions felt by the narrator during the recollection. In order to investigate this emotion concept, we analyze Personal Narratives (PN) - recollection of events, facts, or thoughts from one’s own experience, - which are rich in emotional information and are less explored in emotion analysis research. PNs are widely used in psychotherapy and thus also in mental well-being applications. The use of PNs in psychotherapy is rooted in the association between mood and recollection of episodic memories. We find that ECs capture implicit emotion information through entities and events whereas the valence prediction relies on explicit emotion words such as happy, cried, and angry. The cues for identifying the ECs and their valence are different and complementary. We propose fine-grained emotion analysis using valence and ECs. We collect and annotate spoken and written PNs, propose text-based and speech-based annotation schemes for valence and EC from PNs, conduct annotation experiments, and train systems for the automatic identification of ECs and their valence.

<p>This thesis examines the societal forces which have helped shape the present-day form of the institutionalization, criticism, and appreciation of art. Specifically, it examines the influence of modern thought on our present understanding of art. First, we examine how modernists have typically 100ked at art. Both the enlightening aspects as well as the deficiencies of modernist aesthetics are uncovered. Also, with the help of Jurgen Habermas, we examine a modernist societal approach to aesthetics. Second, the fundamental philosophical presuppositions of modernity are uncovered so that the societal forces that have helped to make art an autonomous institutionalized field of expertise can be examined. In passing, we discuss the concept of "lifeworld". We then examine the explanatory powers of considering the arts as forms of language. Third, as Habermas's social theory indicates, an excursion into the theory of argumentation provides indications of the mechanisms involved in the understanding of art. We consider the rhetorical, dialectical, and logical aspects of both non-verbal and linguistic argumentation. This provides us with a forum for discussing Habermas' s notion of an ideal speech situation, Gadamer's concept of the various modes of iii experiencing tradition and its parallel with the experiencing of art, and Quine's thesis of the indeterminacy of translation and what it implies for non-verbal forms of art. Fourth, we examine the implications and explanatory powers of Habermas's three-world distinction, which is, in turn, derived from the modernist presupposition of the distinction between subject and object. With these distinctions, we can see that the existence of a highly specialized field of expertise surrounding art and notions such as "art for art's sake" are not accidental. To conclude, we examine emotional life and its implications for modern notions of art.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

Innovation is defined as the introduction of new things or methods. In the history of human society, progress and cultural evolution occurred as a consequence of innovation processes. Typically changes proposed by a restricted number of peoples became widely adopted innovations as soon as a broad consensus formed around their adoption. In this thesis, we explore the role of innovators as potentially influential individuals in our society. Studying their behaviour is crucial to understand what are the factors that drove their decision in the process of becoming influential. In particular, here we uncover the importance of cultural attractors as cities where strong akin communities are present. Our approach involves the use of Wikipedia as a source for historical mobility data to model the migration patterns of globally relevant innovators. While here we study mobility on a broad range of different disciplines where different innovators gave their contributions, we also focus on a smaller and more modern system. Historical innovators are easily identified and discerned from uninfluential ones thanks to the wisdom of the time. However, due to the scarce availability of individual historical data, we point our attention to more recent versions of innovators: code developer. The flourishment of the digital era made code developers at the very centre of our global economy. We study this coupled system as a representative example of the interaction between innovators and the economy. Indeed, a significant, non-trivial interaction is found among the two worlds. More in general, in this thesis we highlight the relevance of innovators in shaping human collective responses. Our results reveal that innovators play a major role both individually and collectively at different scales. We provide measures of these effects (i) by looking at how innovator communities construct the attractiveness of a city and (ii) by studying how individual contributions in the innovation domain can dramatically affect financial behaviour also at short time scales. Our result expands the evidence of the need for a new research dimension, where human behaviour is studied as a complex system moving over an intricate network of intertwined interactions.